UKazuo Yairi wayengumenzi weluthier owaziwayo kunye nomenzi wesiginkci waseJapan othe wabangwa ngokwazisa ihlabathi acoustic-yombane ikatala.
Umsebenzi ka-Yairi wawususela ngoo-1960 ukuya ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-2000, apho wakha khona ezona zixhobo zibalaseleyo zombane zamaxesha onke.
yakhe Iigita zisetyenziswe ziimvumi ezininzi ezidumileyo, kuquka uEric Clapton, uJohn Lennon, uNeil Young, noMark Knopfler.
Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga ngokubanzi ubomi kunye nokufezekiswa kukaKazuo Yairi.
Obomi bakwangoko
UKazuo Yairi (1923-1995) wayengumenzi weluthier waseJapan kunye nomenzi wesiginci owakha isandi esitsha sesiginci esivakalayo. Waqala ukwakha izixhobo zomculo njengomntwana kwaye xa wayesele ekhulile, wavelisa ezinye zezona zihloniphekileyo zenylon guitar acoustic ehlabathini. Umsebenzi wakhe watsala iimvumi ezithembekileyo ezisuka kumazwe ehlabathi jikelele kwaye waba ngomnye wabantu abanempembelelo kushishino lwezixhobo zomculo.
Ubomi bukaYairi eselula baqala ngowe-1923 xa wazalwa kufuphi neNagoya, eJapan. Uyise wayengumenzi wevayolin owayalela uYairi ngendlela yokwenza izixhobo ezenziwe ngezandla kwasebuntwaneni. Njengomfana oselula, uYairi waqeqeshwa phantsi kweLuthier ebekekileyo ekwafumaneka kufutshane neNagoya-Takeharu Matsumoto. Ngomnyaka ka-1950, uYairi waseka eyakhe indawo yokusebenzela—Kazuo Yairi & Company—apho wakha khona iigitare zakudala kunye ne-mandolins ngeliso lakhe elibukhali kwiinkcukacha ezithe zamenza wafumana iwonga lamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukusukela ngo-1970 ukuya phambili, uKazuo Yairi usebenzisana nomfundi owayesakuba ngumfundi u-Hideyo Alano ukwenza umgca wabo wokutyikitya weegitala zakudala, i-acoustics yohlobo lwase-spanish, i-jumbo acoustics, kunye neemodeli zombane ze-acoustic zokukhenketha/ukurekhoda iimvumi. Le ntsebenziswano yenza iKazuo Yari kunye neNkampani yaba yenye yeendibano zocweyo ezizimeleyo eziphumeleleyo eJapan ngelo xesha ngaphambi kokuba ithengwe yinkampani yaseAlvarez-Yari ngo-1984 apho uKazuo waqhubeka esebenza de wafumana umhlala-phantsi ngaphambi nje kokusweleka kwakhe ngelishwa ngenxa yomhlaza eneminyaka engama-72 ubudala. Ngo-Agasti 14, 1995.
umsebenzi
UKazuo Yairi wazalelwa eTokyo, eJapan ngo-1935. Waqala umsebenzi wakhe njengenjineli yesandi kwisikhululo sikanomathotholo saseTokyo ngo-1955 apho wazifundisa khona iziseko zokurekhoda kunye nemveliso. Ngelixa esebenza kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zomculo, uYairi waphefumlelwa yirock & roll kunye nomculo welizwe lasentshona, wamkhokelela ekuphuhliseni izixhobo ezenzelwe ukwamkela ngcono isandi sabo.
Ngowe-1960, wangena Yamaha kwaye baphuhlise inguqulelo ephuculweyo yesiginci sabo somtya wentsimbi ebizwa ngokuba yimodeli yeTakamine. Ezinye iimodeli eziyilelwe ngokukodwa iimvumi zejazz ezifana nothotho lweFG lulandelwe kungekudala emva koko. Olona phuhliso lwakhe ludumileyo, nangona kunjalo, lweza ngokuyilwa kwekatala ye-acoustic ye-dreadnought eyi-GD-20 ngo-1965 engqineke ingumgangatho weshishini kwiminyaka ezayo. Izinto zakhe ezintsha ziye zanda kwezinye izixhobo ezineentambo ezifana ne-mandolins kunye ne-banjos awathi wayidala phantsi kwe-brand ye-Yamaha's Devilline kunye neziginci ze-Kirkbride eziveliswe yinkampani yakhe ezimeleyo.
Ekugqibeleni u-Yairi washiya i-Yamaha kwi-1976 waza wagxininisa imizamo yakhe yeekhilomitha ezili-200 ezantsi eShizuoka apho wasungula i-Yairi Musical Instruments Co Ltd. Apha, wandise ngakumbi uluhlu lweegita ezifumanekayo ezinemilo eyahlukeneyo yomzimba nokuba zizitayile zamandulo okanye iindlela zokusikwa ezandisiweyo zokugada kwakhona. Ukuzinikela kwakhe ekuphuhliseni imodeli emva kwemodeli yamkhokelela ekubeni athathwe njengenye yenkulumbuso yaseJapan ukusuka ngelo xesha ukuya phambili de wasweleka eneminyaka engama-84 ngo-2019.
Impembelelo kuMculo
Umdla kaKazuo Yairi wobugcisa beluthier wamenza waba ngomnye wabenzi besiginkci abanempembelelo ngalo lonke ixesha. Wayenconywa njengegcisa elinobuchule, elaziwayo ngokunikela ingqalelo ecokisekileyo kwiinkcukacha kunye nezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu awazenzayo. Umsebenzi wakhe ube nefuthe elingapheliyo kwihlabathi lomculo kunye nokwenza isiginci, kwaye impembelelo yakhe isengabonwa namhlanje. Eli nqaku liza kujonga impembelelo uKazuo Yairi abenayo emculweni.
Izinto ezintsha kuYilo lwesiginci
UKazuo Yairi wayengumqalisi wezinto ezintsha kunye novulindlela ekudaleni uguqulo loyilo lweegita. Ucele umngeni kwimeko yendlela iigitala ezenziwe ngayo kwaye zavavanywa, ukudala iindlela ezintsha zokwakha kunye neendlela zokuyila izixhobo ze-acoustic.
Olunye lweendlela ezintsha ezintsha zakhe yayikukudala ipateni yokuqinisa evumela ukuba umgangatho wethoni ye-timbre utshintshwe ngaphandle kokuchaphazela i-resonance okanye ukuzinza. Olu yilo luyilayo lunike abakhi besiginci ukulawula ngakumbi ukwenza iintlobo ngeentlobo zeethowuni ezingazange ziviwe ngaphambili. Kwakhona waphuhlisa inkqubo apho izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza isiginci zinokukhethwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zabo zetoni kwaye emva koko zivavanywe ukuqinisekisa ukuba zizisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.
Ukongeza, uKazuo Yairi usebenze nzima ukufumana iindlela ezingcono zokwenza ukuba iigitala zivakale ngcono ngokuzisa ezinye izinto ezinje ngemifanekiso ye-elektroniki ekhutshiweyo, iziphumo ezinje ngereverb kunye ne-echo, kunye nokuyila izixhobo ezinje ngeentsimbi zokutshixa ukhuseleko olwandisiweyo kunye nokusebenziseka kwesixhobo. Uphando lwakhe lwaluxabiseke kakhulu kubadlali besiginci ababefuna okungakumbi kwisandi sesixhobo sabo kunanini na ngaphambili. Ngokuzisa iindlela zale mihla zokuvelisa ezidityaniswe nobuchwephesha bemveli, iinzame zikaYairi zenze ukuba abadlali abasafundayo bakwazi ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezivakalayo kwizixhobo ze-acoustic kule mihla.
Isandi esisodwa
UKazuo Yairi ngumqambi wokwenyani kwihlabathi leziginci ezivakalayo. Wazalwa ngo-1933, kwaye kulo lonke ixesha lomsebenzi wakhe, wayilwa izixhobo ezinesandi esikhethekileyo esibandakanya ubuchule bakhe - 'ukwakhiwa kweYairi-style'.
U-Yairi uguqule indawo yesiginci esinomsindo ngengqwalasela engenakuthelekiswa nanto kwiinkcukacha kunye nobugcisa. Izixhobo zakhe zazakhiwe nge-spruce ephezulu ekhethiweyo, iinkuni ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo, ii-ebony fretboards kunye nobuchule obuthile obuvumela ukugcinwa nokucaca ngakumbi. Umdibaniso wentamo kunye nomzimba osetyenziswa nguYairi unike isiseko esiluqilima kwiintambo, ezivumela ukuba zingcangcazele ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwimilo yomzimba okanye intamo eqinile.
UWilliam Eaton, umseki kaWilliam Eaton Strings kunye nombhali weencwadi ezininzi malunga nobudlelwane phakathi kweentambo kunye nomculo uthi; “…” UKazuo Yairi wayeyenye yeengcibi zikatala ezibalaseleyo ngalo lonke ixesha — hayi ngokwendlela yoyilo okanye ubuhle kodwa ngokwesandi. Umsebenzi wakhe udibanise izizukulwana, edibanisa iindlela zemveli zaseJapan ekwenzeni izixhobo ngobuchwephesha bale mihla. "
Ukongeza kumgca wakhe weegitala phantsi kwegama lakhe elithi "Yairi" kunye no-Alvarez Yairi (ngokusebenzisana neziginci zika-Alvarez), uKazuo wafumana amabhaso amaninzi kulo lonke ixesha lomsebenzi wakhe kubandakanya i-Order of Culture yaseJapan ngo-1995 kunye nebhaso likaTokai Gakki lobomi bakhe bonke ngo-2004. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje usaqhubeka ekhuthaza iimvumi kwihlabathi liphela, njengoko indlela yakhe ekhethekileyo yokwenza umsebenzi wezandla isenokuviwa kumashumi eminyaka kamva.
Ilifa
UKazuo Yairi ushiye impembelelo engapheliyo kwihlabathi lomculo, ngakumbi kwindawo yentengiso yekatala kunye nezixhobo zeklasikhi. Wayehlonitshwa ngobuchule bakhe kunye nokuzinikela kumgangatho, ezisa iiluthi zaseJapan kwiimarike zaseNtshona ngemigangatho emitsha yokugqwesa. Izixhobo zeYairi zichazwe njengezithembekileyo, zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zikhulise ukudlala nokuba ngamaxabiso aphantsi xa kuthelekiswa noogxa babo baseYurophu.
Impembelelo yeegitala zeYairi ayibonakali kuphela kwiigita ezinegama lakhe kodwa nakwezinye iziginkci ezenziwe ngabavelisi abangaziwayo ngokuphefumlelwa luyilo lukaYairi. Ukwabizwa ngokuba ngokwakha ezinye zee-acoustics zokuqala zentsimbi ezivela eJapan, ezibangele umphumo we-ripple okhokelela kwimveliso yasekhaya engaphezulu ngamaxabiso afikelelekayo kunanini ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo inxalenye yelifa lakhe ihleli kwiimpawu eziphantse zibe ngama-200 azenzileyo.
U-Yari wasebenzisa ubuchule awabuphuhlisayo kumashumi eminyaka yamava okusebenza kwesinyithi ukuhambisa izakhono ezenziwe ngokucokisekileyo zokwenziwa komthi ezisekhona nanamhlanje. Ilifa lakhe lenze ukuba abadlali besiginci abanomdla kwihlabathi liphela bafikelele kwizixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngaphandle kokwaphula ibhanki. Kule mihla, iigitala ze-acoustic zeKazuo Yari zidume njengezona zinto zigqwethiweyo zineempawu ezibandakanya iibhodi zeminwe kunye neentloko, iirosettes ezintsonkothileyo, indongomane yethambo kunye neesali kunye noluhlu olubanzi lweenketho zoyilo ukusuka kwiimilo zangoku ukuya kuyilo lwakudala olufana neemodeli zeokhestra -Zonke zigcinwe ngaphakathi kwee-spruce eziqinileyo okanye i-mahogany tonewoods eyomelezwe ngeebrayisi ezininzi zangasemva zozinzo olongezelelweyo kunye nentelekelelo yesandi esigqwesileyo kunye nokugcinwa okugqwesileyo kunye nokucaca.
I-Discography
UKazuo Yairi wayeyi-luthier yaseJapan eyayinomsebenzi othathe iminyaka engaphezu kwama-50, kwaye wayedume ngesimbo sakhe esikhethekileyo sokwenza iziginkci zeacoustic. Ngaloo ndlela, uYairi unikele ngegalelo elixabisekileyo kwishishini lomculo, izixhobo zakhe zisetyenziswa ngabadlali abadumileyo kwihlabathi. I-discography yakhe yayiquka iimodeli ezininzi ezinomfanekiso kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enxulumene nayo. Makhe sijonge ezinye ze-discography zikaYairi eziphawulekayo.
IAlbums
UKazuo Yairi, imvumi yaseJapan, wakhupha ii-albhamu ezininzi ngexesha lobomi bakhe. Wayesaziwa kakhulu ngokuguquguquka kwakhe njengomqambi, umcwangcisi kunye nombhexeshi kwaye wayethathwa njengenye yeemvumi ezinempembelelo eJapan ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950 kunye nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1960. Umsebenzi wakhe yayiyindibaniselwano yamabhongo yejazz, pop, bossa nova, tango kunye nezinye izandi zesiLatini.
UKazuo Yairi ukhuphe ezi albhamu zilandelayo phakathi ko-1957 no-2003:
-Umdlali weGuitari (1957)
-LocoMotion (1962)
-Bossa Nova (1965)
-Latin Jazz (1968)
-Amaxesha okonwaba kunye neengoma ezilusizi (1974)
-Live icwecwe I: Live eMusashino Hall (1981)
-Live Icwecwe II: Live eMeiji Kaikan Gekijo Concert Hall (1984)
-Umphathi weProjekthi (1985)
-Santa Rita Orchestra Live kwiHolo yeKhonsathi ye-HonaKitana (1996)
-Viva Yairi – Ilifa loMculo elivela kwiNgqokelela yeMisebenzi kaKazuo Yairi eveliswe kwishumi leminyaka lokugqibela (70).
Ukucula
UKazuo Yairi wayengumqambi waseJapan, umbhexeshi, umvelisi werekhodi kunye nomcwangcisi owayenegalelo kuphuhliso lomculo odumileyo waseJapan. Waziwa ngokuyintloko ngokudala kunye nokucwangcisa ezinye zeengoma eziphezulu ze-1950 kunye ne-1960s. Ukwanikwe imbeko ngokuzisa izingqisho ezitsha, izakhelo zeechord kunye neengoma kumculo wanamhlanje waseJapan.
Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, uKazuo Yairi wabhala iingoma ezininzi eziye zakhululwa ngokurhweba. Ezinye zezona zidumileyo ziquka:
- "Suitei Echigo noMori" (1962)
- "Daikokuten" (1965)
– “Tsuru no Ongaeshi” (1966)
- "Mushi Uta" (Ezi ziiNgoma zezinambuzane) (1967)
- "Hebi No Uta" (Ingoma yeNyoka) (1969)
– “Shiro Gonta Gonta Jigoku E” (Uhambo oluya esihogweni kuMqhaphu oMhlophe)”(1972).
Ngo-2010, iphephandaba laseTokyo Shinbun wavotela uKazuo Yairi “Suitei Echigo no Mori” njengenye yeerekhodi ezili-10 eziphezulu zaseJapan ezakha zakhutshwa. Emva kokubhubha kwakhe ngo-2001, wafumana amabhaso amaninzi emva kokufa kwakhe kuquka nokungeniswa kwiHolo yodumo yaseJapan ngo-2006.
isiphelo
UKazuo Yairi wayengomnye wabadlali abahlonitshwayo benkulungwane yama-20. Wayekholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba izixhobo kufuneka zenziwe ngokwesiko ukuze zihambelane nomdlali. Wayila waza wenza izixhobo ezinomgangatho ophezulu womgangatho kunye nengqalelo kwiinkcukacha ezazingenakulinganiswa. Indlela yakhe yokwenza iluthiery iguqule ishishini kwaye imenze umntu onempembelelo kwiiluthiers zanamhlanje. Kweli candelo, siza kuphonononga impembelelo uYairi abenayo kuluntu lomculo kunye nelifa lakhe elihlala lihleli.
Impembelelo kuMculo wanamhlanje
Impembelelo kazuo Yairi kumculo wanamhlanje isavakala. Indlela ekhethekileyo kaYairi yokuyila kunye nobuchule bobugcisa yamvumela ukuba avelise izixhobo ezohlukileyo zombini ngesandi kunye nobuhle. Ukudibanisa kwakhe uyilo lwemveli lwaseJapan kunye neempembelelo zaseNtshona kwazisa ilizwe elitsha lonke lamathuba okwenza isiginci esivakalayo, ekhuthaza iiluthier ezininzi namhlanje.
Impembelelo yakhe iye yavakala nakwihlabathi lesixhobo sombane, ngokungeniswa koluhlu lwakhe lwee-DY eziqinileyo zombane iigitala zombane. Ezi zixhobo zifikelelekayo ziye zaduma ngenxa yethoni yazo etyebileyo ngokwahlukileyo kunye nomgangatho wokwakha ongaguqukiyo, ozenza zilungele abaqalayo kunye neengcali ngokufanayo.
Umbono wakhe awuyekanga ekudaleni iziginkci ezifikeleleka ngakumbi - uncede ukuzisa uluhlu lwezixhobo ezenziwe ngesandla kwisiphelo esiphezulu kwiliso likawonke-wonke, esebenzisa uphawu lohlobo olwahluke kakhulu kunye noyilo lomculo olunomtsalane oluye lwaba ngumqondiso phakathi kwabathandi besiginci abazinikeleyo.
Nangona uKazuo Yairi engasekho kuthi, ilifa lakhe liya kuthakazelelwa ngonaphakade ngabadlali banamhlanje kunye nabahlambululi ngokufanayo - igama lakhe lithetha into efanayo kunye nobuhle bobuchule kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe eliqhubeka nokukhuthaza abanye abenzi besiginci kwihlabathi jikelele nangoku.
Ilifa Elihlala Lihleli
Ubuchule bobugcisa obutsha bukaKazuo Yairi kunye nokuzinikela kumsebenzi wakhe kwaba nefuthe elingapheliyo kwilizwe lomculo. Izixhobo zakhe ziyaqhubeka nokufunwa kakhulu ngenxa yokudlala kwazo okugqwesileyo, isibheno sobuhle, kunye nomgangatho wesandi esiphakamileyo. Abadlali behlabathi lonke bakhule bexabisa iimpawu ezahlukileyo zesixhobo seKazuo Yairi, kwaye uninzi lwabadlali abaphezulu abachwepheshile babakhetha ngokudlala kwabo.
UKazuo Yairi ukhunjulwa ngokutshintsha ishishini lezixhobo ezineentambo. Indlela yakhe enomdla kumsebenzi wobugcisa ikhuthaze izizukulwana zeluthiers ezakha izixhobo zomculo ezikumgangatho ophezulu namhlanje. Wayehlonitshwe kakhulu kwindawo yakhe yokuzalwa yaseJapan nakuluntu lonke lomculo, esaziwa kakhulu ngesakhono sakhe sokudlala iluthier njengoko wayenjalo ngomgangatho wakhe ongayekeleliyo womgangatho.
Ilifa likaYairi liyaqhubeka ngenxa yezixhobo zomculo awayezenzile ubomi bakhe bonke - nganye izaliswe yinxalenye yakhe engasayi kufa. Abaqokeleli bazibona njengezona gitala zigqwesileyo kwezakha zenziwa kwaye zisavuyiswa zizizukulwana zabadlali begitala namhlanje - konke oku kubulela kuthando lukaKazuo Yairi kunye nokuzibophelela ekugqweseni kuso sonke isixhobo asenze ngezandla zakhe.
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
