Semitones, kuj hu ua ib nrab kauj ruam los yog suab paj nruag intervals, yog cov suab paj nruag me me uas feem ntau siv hauv Western suab paj nruag, thiab yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov nplai thiab chords. Lub semitone feem ntau hu ua a ib nrab kauj ruam, vim muaj ib halved suab nruab nrab ntawm ob daim ntawv uas nyob ib sab ntawm cov twj paj nruag ib txwm siv. Hauv phau ntawv qhia no peb yuav tshawb xyuas seb semitones yog dab tsi thiab lawv tuaj yeem siv los tsim suab paj nruag li cas.
Lub sij hawm 'ib nrab' nws tus kheej los ntawm lo lus Latin lub ntsiab lus 'ib nrab ntawv'. Nws yog siv los piav txog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob daim ntawv uas nyob ib sab hauv chromatic scale. Txhua daim ntawv ntawm chromatic nplai yog sib cais los ntawm ib qho semitone (ib nrab kauj ruam). Piv txwv li, nyob rau sab hnub poob suab paj nruag yog tias koj txav koj tus ntiv tes los ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm koj cov keyboard ces koj tau txav ib qho semitone (ib nrab kauj ruam). Yog tias koj txav mus los ntawm ib tus yuam sij ces koj tau tsiv mus rau lwm qhov semitone (ib nrab kauj ruam). Ntawm lub guitar qhov no zoo ib yam - yog tias koj txav koj tus ntiv tes nce thiab nqis ntawm cov hlua yam tsis hloov ntxhov siab tej frets ces koj ua si ib semitone (ib nrab kauj ruam).
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias tsis yog txhua qhov ntsuas siv tsuas yog semitones; qee qhov ntsuas siv sijhawm ntau dua xws li cov suab nrov tag nrho lossis cov thib peb me. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nkag siab ntawm semitones yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev nkag siab tias Western suab paj nruag ua haujlwm li cas thiab tuaj yeem ua lub hauv paus zoo yog tias koj nyuam qhuav pib nrog kev kawm ntaus koj lub cuab yeej lossis sau suab paj nruag!
Semitones yog dab tsi?
A ib nrab, tseem paub ua a ib nrab kauj ruam los yog ib tug ib nrab suab, yog lub sijhawm tsawg tshaj plaws siv hauv Western suab paj nruag. Nws sawv cev qhov sib txawv ntawm lub suab ntawm ob daim ntawv nyob ib sab ntawm lub piano keyboard. Semitones yog siv los tsim cov nplai, chords, suab paj nruag, thiab lwm yam suab paj nruag. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas seb lub semitone yog dab tsi, nws siv li cas hauv suab paj nruag, thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas peb hnov suab paj nruag.
- Semitone yog dab tsi?
- Yuav siv semitone li cas hauv suab paj nruag?
- Lub semitone cuam tshuam li cas peb hnov suab paj nruag?
Lus txhais
Ib semitone, tseem paub ua a ib nrab kauj ruam los yog ib tug ib nrab suab, yog lub sijhawm tsawg tshaj plaws uas siv nyob rau hauv Western suab paj nruag. Semitones sawv cev qhov sib txawv ntawm lub suab ntawm ob daim ntawv nyob ib sab ntawm chromatic nplai. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib daim ntawv tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm ib qho semitone los ntawm kev nce (ntse) lossis txo qis (paj) nws lub suab. Piv txwv li, qhov sib txawv ntawm C thiab C-ntse yog ib qho semitone, ib yam li qhov sib txawv ntawm E-flat thiab E.
- Semitones pom thaum tsiv ntawm ob daim ntawv raws li chromatic nplai tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua haujlwm ntawm cov nplai loj thiab me.
- Semitones tuaj yeem hnov txhua yam ntawm cov suab paj nruag los ntawm cov suab paj nruag, nkauj chords thiab cov qauv sib txuas mus rau cov kab ke ib txwm siv xws li guitar (fretboard txav), piano yuam sij thiab dhau mus.
- Vim tias nws muaj ib nrab lub suab, kev hloov kho kuj tseem ua tau raws li nws ua rau cov neeg sau ntawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov tseem ceeb nrog kev sib tsoo tsawg dua hauv kev sib raug zoo lossis cov suab paj nruag.
- Thaum siv tau zoo los ntawm cov kws sau nkauj, semitones coj kev nkag siab ntawm kev paub tab sis tseem tswj kom tsim suab paj nruag nro nrog nws qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv suab paj nruag.
Piv txwv
kawm semitones tuaj yeem pab tau thaum ntaus piano lossis lwm yam twj paj nruag. Semitones yog lub sijhawm tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm ob daim ntawv. Lawv tsim lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov suab paj nruag lub sijhawm, muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim kom nkag siab tias pitches txawv ntawm ib leeg hauv suab paj nruag.
Siv semitones hauv kev ua suab paj nruag pab qhia koj cov kev xaiv sau ntawv thiab muab cov qauv rau cov suab paj nruag thiab kev sib haum xeeb. Paub koj cov semitones kuj tso cai rau koj los qhia cov tswv yim suab paj nruag sai thiab meej thaum sau.
Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm semitones:
- Ib nrab kauj ruam lossis lub suab nrov-Lub sijhawm no yog sib npaug rau ib qho semitone, uas yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob tus yuam sij uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub piano.
- Lub Tone Tag Nrho-Lub sijhawm no muaj ob ob theem ib nrab / lub suab; Piv txwv li, los ntawm C mus rau D yog tag nrho cov kauj ruam.
- Me Thib Peb - Lub sijhawm no yog peb ib nrab kauj ruam / suab; Piv txwv li, los ntawm C rau Eb yog ib qho me me thib peb lossis peb lub suab ib nrab.
- Qhov thib peb loj - Lub sijhawm no suav nrog plaub ib nrab kauj ruam / suab; Piv txwv li, los ntawm C rau E yog qhov loj thib peb lossis plaub lub suab nrov.
- Perfect Fourth – Lub caij no muaj tsib ib nrab kauj ruam/tones; Piv txwv li, los ntawm C-F♯ yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws plaub lossis tsib lub suab nrov.
- Tritone - Lub suab txawv txawv no piav txog qhov thib plaub augmented (qhov loj thib peb ntxiv rau ib qho ntxiv semitone), yog li nws tsim rau rau halfsteps/tones; Piv txwv li, mus los ntawm F–B♭is tritone (rau semi tones).
Yuav Siv Semitones li cas hauv Suab paj nruag
Semitones yog ib lub tswv yim tseem ceeb hauv suab paj nruag vim lawv pab tsim melodic zog thiab harmonic ntau yam. Semitones yog ib qho ntawm 12 lub suab paj nruag lub sijhawm uas nthuav qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob daim ntawv. Kev paub siv semitones hauv suab paj nruag yuav pab koj tsim cov suab paj nruag zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj thiab sib haum xeeb.
Kab lus no yuav tham txog qhov Basics ntawm semitones thiab yuav siv lawv li cas hauv cov suab paj nruag:
- Semitone yog dab tsi?
- Yuav ua li cas siv semitones hauv suab paj nruag?
- Piv txwv ntawm kev siv semitones hauv suab paj nruag.
Tsim Melodies
Tsim cov suab paj nruag yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov suab paj nruag, thiab nws feem ntau yog siv los ntawm semitones. Lub semitone (tseem hu ua ib nrab kauj ruam lossis ib nrab lub suab) yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws uas siv tau ntawm ob daim ntawv. Semitones yog ib txoj hauv kev tsim cov qauv suab paj nruag, thiab lawv tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv jazz, blues thiab pej xeem nyiam.
Semitones ntxiv kev nthuav qhia rau cov suab paj nruag los ntawm kev tsim ib ntus uas tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov kev xav zoo li tsis xav tsis thoob, xav tsis thoob lossis kev xyiv fab. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev txav ib daim ntawv rau hauv ib qho semitone nws tsim ib lub suab me me es tsis txhob ntawm lub suab loj - ib qho kev taw qhia ntse. Tsis tas li ntawd, sau ib daim ntawv rau tib tus nqi yuav ua rau cov neeg mloog xav tsis thoob nrog kev sib raug zoo uas tsis tau xav txog thaum lawv xav tias muaj qee yam txawv.
Semitones kuj tsim kev txav mus los hauv kev sib haum xeeb los ntawm kev hloov lawv mus rau hauv kev sib txawv lossis chords. Thaum sau, koj tuaj yeem siv semitones txav lub suab tseem ceeb nyob ib puag ncig txhawm rau tsim cov kev muaj tswv yim zoo uas tuaj yeem qhia ntau qhov kev txaus siab thiab nyuaj rau hauv cov suab paj nruag. Txhawm rau ua qhov no kom zoo yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev paub txog chord txoj kev xav nrog rau kev nkag siab yuav ua li cas chords hloov lub sijhawm nrog qee qhov kev txav los yog ncua sij hawm ntxiv rau hauv kev tsim cov tonal tshwj xeeb xws li kev tsis txaus siab lossis kev tu siab.
- Lawv kuj pab sib txawv ntawm ob daim ntawv thaum cov ntawv zoo sib xws zoo sib xws tsis muaj qhov chaw txaus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv - qhov no yuav pab ua kom pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov suab nrov thiab cov suab paj nruag uas yuav ua rau cov neeg tuaj saib nyiam ntau dua li qhov rov ua dua tshiab yuav ua lwm yam.
- Kev nkag siab txog kev siv cov semitones yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov suab paj nruag zoo thiab txaus siab rau kev sib haum xeeb nrog tag nrho cov cim tonal uas yuav muab koj daim ntawv nws tag nrho nws qhov tshwj xeeb thiab muab nws sib nrug los ntawm tag nrho lwm cov khoom siv hauv khw niaj hnub no.
Modulating Keys
Modulating yuam sij hais txog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb kos npe rau lwm tus. Los ntawm kev ntxiv lossis rho tawm semitones, cov kws ntaus nkauj tuaj yeem tsim cov chord nthuav dav thiab hloov cov nkauj rau hauv cov yuam sij sib txawv yam tsis tau poob nws qhov kev sib haum xeeb qub. Siv semitones yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los tsim cov kev hloov pauv hloov maj mam hauv kev sib xyaw thiab ua kom lawv tsis zoo li sai sai lossis jarring yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv lawv kom raug.
Nws yuav siv sij hawm xyaum kawm kom paub ntau npaum li cas semitones yuav tsum tau ntxiv los yog rho tawm thiaj li yuav ua kom du tonal hloov tab sis ib tug general txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo rau hloov ib tug me thib peb tus nqi ntawm kev ncua deb yuav yog:
- Ob lub semitones (ie, G loj -> B tiaj tus loj)
- Plaub semitones (piv txwv li, C loj -> E tiaj tus loj)
Thaum sau ntawv rau cov twj paj nruag sib txawv nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias qee cov twj paj nruag tsuas tuaj yeem ua si sau ntawv hauv qee cov ntawv sau npe thiab cov txheej txheem ntxiv ntawm qhov nyuaj tshwm sim thaum xav txog dab tsi cov twj paj nruag yuav xav tau thaum hloov ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb mus rau lwm qhov.
Thaum tham txog lub tswv yim tom qab modulating yuam sij nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm, feem ntau yuav paub tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov suab paj nruag txoj kev xav thiab thaum lawv nkag siab tias cov kev sib haum xeeb no ua haujlwm li cas, lawv paub ntau ntxiv txog qhov ntxiv qee qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm ib yam dab tsi uas suab nkoos. ib yam uas suab ci ntsa iab!
Txhim kho Dynamics
Semitones, los yog ib nrab kauj ruam, yog me me hloov pauv siv los tsim cov nuances zoo hauv suab paj nruag. Lub sijhawm suab paj nruag yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob daim ntawv, thiab semitones poob rau hauv qeb "micro" los tsim cov suab nrov.
Semitones tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho kev hloov pauv hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Tsiv los ntawm sau ntawv ib tug semitone sib nrug (tseem hu ua chromatic zog) tsim nro uas muaj peev xwm ntxiv qhov tob thiab complexity rau ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau nyob rau hauv ib tug accompaniment qhov twg yuav tsum tau ntau zog los ntawm ib tug ntaus ntawv.
Semitones kuj siv tau los tsa lossis txo lub suab ntawm cov kab suab uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov no tsim kev hloov pauv hauv kev nrawm thiab kev sib dhos uas ua rau muaj kev mloog zoo rau cov neeg tuaj saib, lossis ntxiv cov kev hloov pauv tshiab thaum sau koj cov suab paj nruag.
- Siv ib lub sij hawm semitone thaum modulating nruab nrab cov yuam sij suab paj nruag muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim tias nws tsim kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim thaum tswj tag nrho cov qauv thiab kev sib koom ua ke - ua rau cov neeg mloog txuas ntxiv txaus siab rau kev ua suab paj nruag tsis tu ncua.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, semitones ua pov thawj pab tau thaum taug qab cov qauv melodic uas xav tau nce tus nqi ntawm kev qhia thoob plaws ib thooj.
xaus
Thaum xaus, semitones yog lub caij nyoog uas, thaum qhia tus lej, xa mus rau qhov nrug ntawm xya lub luag haujlwm ntawm octave hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug. Ib ntus yog halved thaum ib semitone rho tawm ntawm nws. Thaum ib tug semitone ntxiv rau ib ntus, nws ua rau ib qho augmented ncua sij hawm thiab thaum lub semitone rho tawm los ntawm nws, qhov tshwm sim yog a ploj zuj zus nruab nrab.
Semitones tuaj yeem siv ntau yam suab paj nruag nrog rau blues, jazz thiab classical music. Los ntawm kev nkag siab tias lawv ua haujlwm li cas hauv chords thiab suab paj nruag, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov suab nrov hauv koj cov nkauj. Semitones kuj tuaj yeem siv los tsim kev nruj thiab kev txav ntawm cov suab paj nruag los ntawm kev hloov lub suab ntawm ib daim ntawv lossis cov ntawv sau cia kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib txawv.
Raws li koj txuas ntxiv mus tshawb txog lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov suab paj nruag thiab improvisation, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog lub tswv yim ntawm semitones thiab lawv tuaj yeem coj mus rau koj lub suab paj nruag!
- Nkag siab semitones
- Suab paj nruag style siv semitones
- Tsim cov suab nrov nrog semitones
- Tsim nro thiab txav nrog semitones
Kuv yog Joost Nusselder, tus tsim ntawm Neaera thiab tus neeg lag luam cov ntsiab lus, txiv, thiab nyiam sim cov cuab yeej tshiab nrog guitar ntawm lub siab ntawm kuv txoj kev mob siab rau, thiab ua ke nrog kuv pab neeg, Kuv tau tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm blog txij li xyoo 2020. los pab cov neeg nyeem siab ncaj nrog cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus thiab cov lus qhia guitar.
