Ama-semitones, obeye aziwe njengo izinyathelo eziyingxenye noma izikhawu zomculo, iyunithi yomculo encane kunazo zonke evame ukusetshenziswa emculweni waseNtshonalanga, futhi iyisisekelo sokwakhiwa kwezikali namaculo. I-semitone ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi a isinyathelo esiyingxenye, njengoba kukhona uhhafu ithoni phakathi kwanoma yimaphi amanothi amabili ancikene ensimbini yekhibhodi evamile. Kulo mhlahlandlela sizohlola ukuthi ayini ama-semitones nokuthi angasetshenziswa kanjani ukudala umculo.
Isikhathi 'isemitone' ngokwalo livela egameni lesiLatini elisho 'inothi uhhafu'. Isetshenziselwa ukuchaza ibanga phakathi kwamanothi amabili ancikene ku-chromatic isikali. Yonke inothi esikalini se-chromatic ihlukaniswa yi-semitone eyodwa (isinyathelo esiyingxenye). Isibonelo, emculweni wasentshonalanga uma uhambisa umunwe wakho phezulu ngokhiye owodwa kukhibhodi yakho lapho-ke usuhambise isemitone eyodwa (uhhafu wesinyathelo). Uma wehla ngokhiye owodwa kusho ukuthi usudlulele kwenye isemitone (isinyathelo esiyingxenye). Kusiginci lokhu kuyafana - uma uhambisa umunwe wakho phezulu naphansi phakathi kwezintambo ngaphandle kokushintsha yizimpahla noma iyiphi i-frets ke udlala i-semitone eyodwa (isinyathelo esiyingxenye).
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi akuzona zonke izikali ezisebenzisa ama-semitones kuphela; ezinye izikali esikhundleni salokho zisebenzisa izikhawu ezinkulu njengamathoni agcwele noma okuthathu okuncane. Nokho, ukuqonda ama-semitones kwakha ingxenye ebalulekile yokuqonda ukuthi umculo waseNtshonalanga usebenza kanjani futhi kungaba yisisekelo esihle uma usaqala ukufunda ukudlala insimbi yakho noma ukuqamba umculo!
Ayini ama-Semitones?
A isemitone, eyaziwa nangokuthi a isinyathelo esiyingxenye noma iphimbo eliyingxenye, isikhathi esincane kunazo zonke esisetshenziswa emculweni waseNtshonalanga. Imele umehluko wephimbo phakathi kwamanothi amabili ancikene kukhibhodi yepiyano. Ama-semitones asetshenziselwa ukwakha izikali, izingoma, imiculo, nezinye izici zomculo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi iyini i-semitone, isetshenziswa kanjani emculweni, nokuthi iyithinta kanjani indlela esizwa ngayo umculo.
- Iyini i-semitone?
- I-semitone isetshenziswa kanjani emculweni?
- I-semitone iyithinta kanjani indlela esizwa ngayo umculo?
Incazelo
I-semitone, eyaziwa nangokuthi a isinyathelo esiyingxenye noma iphimbo eliyingxenye, isikhathi esincane kunazo zonke esivame ukusetshenziswa emculweni waseNtshonalanga. Ama-semitone amelela umehluko wephimbo phakathi kwamanothi amabili ancikene esikalini se-chromatic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma iyiphi inothi ingahanjiswa phezulu noma phansi nge-semitone eyodwa ngokuphakamisa (ngokucijile) noma ukwehlisa (flat) ukuphakama kwayo. Isibonelo, umehluko phakathi kuka-C no-C-sharp yi-semitone eyodwa, njengoba kunjalo nomehluko phakathi kwe-E-flat ne-E.
- Ama-semitone atholakala lapho kuhamba phakathi kwanoma yimaphi amanothi amabili esikalini se-chromatic kodwa ikakhulukazi lapho kusebenza esikalini esikhulu nesincane.
- Ama-semitone angazwakala kuzo zonke izici zomculo kusukela kumculo wephimbo, izingoma zokucula namaphethini ahambisana nezinsimbi zomugqa owodwa ezivamile njengesiginci (ukunyakaza kwe-fretboard), okhiye bepiyano nangale kwalokho.
- Ngenxa yokuthi iqukethe amathoni anguhhafu, ukuguquguquka kwezwi nakho kwenziwa kwenzeke njengoba kuvumela abaqambi ukuthi bazulazule ngezinguquko ezibalulekile ngokungqubuzana okumbalwa okuhambisanayo noma izingxenye zomculo.
- Uma esetshenziswa kahle abaqambi, ama-semitones aletha umuzwa wokujwayela kodwa asakwazi ukudala ukushuba komculo ngokuhluka kwawo ezinhlakeni zomculo ezivamile.
Izibonelo
Learning ama-semitones kungaba usizo uma udlala upiyano noma enye insimbi. Ama-semitones isikhawu esincane kakhulu phakathi kwamanothi amabili. Zakha isisekelo sazo zonke izikhawu zezikali zomculo, zinikeza indlela elula yokuqonda ukuthi izingoma zihluke kanjani komunye nomunye emculweni.
Ukusebenzisa ama-semitones ekusebenzeni komculo kusiza ukwazisa ukukhetha kwakho kwamanothi futhi kunikeze ukwakheka kwezingoma nokuvumelana. Ukwazi ama-semitones akho futhi kukuvumela ukuthi uveze imibono yomculo ngokushesha nangokunembile ngenkathi uqamba.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo zama-semitones:
- Isinyathelo esiyingxenye noma ithoni—Lesi sikhawu silingana ne-semitone eyodwa, okuyibanga eliphakathi kokhiye ababili abancikene ophiyano.
- Ithoni Ephelele—Lesi sikhawu siqukethe izinyathelo/amathoni amabili uhhafu; isibonelo, ukusuka ku-C ukuya ku-D kuyisinyathelo esiphelele.
- Okwesithathu Okuncane—Lesi sikhawu siyizinyathelo/amathoni amathathu; isibonelo, ukusuka ku-C ukuya ku-Eb ithoni encane yesithathu noma emithathu.
- Okwesithathu Okukhulu—Lesi sikhawu sihlanganisa izinyathelo/amathoni angamahhafu; isibonelo, ukusuka ku-C ukuya ku-E amathoni amakhulu amathathu noma amane.
- Okwesine Okuphelele- Lesi sikhawu siqukethe izinyathelo/amathoni amahlanu; isibonelo, ukusuka ku-C–F♯iwumphumela ophelele wamathoni wesine noma amahlanu.
- I-Tritone - Leli gama elizwakalayo elingavamile lichaza i-augmented yesine (ingxenye yesithathu enkulu kanye ne-semitone eyodwa eyengeziwe), ngakho-ke yenza ama-halfsteps/amathoni ayisithupha; isibonelo, ukusuka ku-F–B♭is tritone (amathoni ayisithupha).
Ungawasebenzisa Kanjani Ama-Semitone Emculweni
Ama-semitones ziwumqondo obalulekile emculweni njengoba zisiza ukudala ukunyakaza kwe-melodic kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-harmonic. Ama-semitone angesinye sezikhawu zomculo ezingu-12 ezithatha ibanga phakathi kwamanothi amabili. Ukwazi ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani ama-semitone emculweni kuzokusiza ukuthi udale izingoma ezithokozisayo nezishukumisayo kanye nokuvumelanayo.
Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa nge izisekelo zama-semitones nokuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani ekuqanjweni komculo:
- Iyini i-semitone?
- Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-semitones ekubunjweni komculo?
- Izibonelo zokusebenzisa ama-semitone ekuqanjweni komculo.
Ukudala Imiculo
Ukudala imiculo kuyisici esibalulekile somculo, futhi ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusetshenziswa komculo ama-semitones. I-semitone (eyaziwa nangokuthi isinyathelo esiwuhhafu noma ithoni enguhhafu) isikhawu esincane esingasetshenziswa phakathi kwamanothi amabili. Ama-semitones angenye yezindlela abaqambi abakha ngayo amaphethini omculo, futhi abaluleke kakhulu ku-jazz, i-blues nezitayela zesintu.
Ama-semitone engeza ukuzwakala emculweni ngokwenza izikhawu ezingaveza imizwelo efana nokungabaza, ukumangala noma injabulo. Isibonelo, ngokuhambisa inothi elilodwa phansi kwe-semitone kudala umsindo omncane esikhundleni somsindo omkhulu—ukuchezuka okubukhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphakamisa inothi elilodwa ngenani elifanayo kungase kumangaze izilaleli ngokuvumelana okungalindelekile lapho zilindele okuthile okuhlukile.
Ama-semitones aphinde adale ukunyakaza ngaphakathi kokuvumelana ngokuwashintsha abe ukuqhubekela phambili noma ukucula okuhlukile. Lapho uqamba, ungasebenzisa ama-semitones ukuhambisa amathoni ayisihluthulelo ukuze ukhiqize ukuqhubeka kobuciko okungathula intshisekelo eyengeziwe nobunkimbinkimbi zibe izingcezu zomculo. Ukwenza lokhu ngempumelelo kudinga ulwazi oluthile mayelana nethiyori yamaculo kanye nokuqonda ukuthi amaculo ashintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokunyakaza okuthile noma izikhawu ezingeziwe ukuze kwakhe izimfanelo ezithile zethoni njengokungabaza noma ukudabuka.
- Ziphinde zisize ekuhlukaniseni amanothi amabili lapho amanothi afanayo ezwakala esondelene kakhulu ngaphandle kwesikhala esanele sokuhluka phakathi kwawo—lokhu kusiza ukuveza umehluko ocashile wephimbo nomculo ozodonsa ukunaka kwezithameli kalula kunokuba ukuphindaphinda okudala kungenze ngenye indlela.
- Ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa kwama-semitone kubalulekile ekudaleni imiculo ephumelelayo nokuvumelana okwanelisayo ngohlamvu lwethoni olugcwele oluzonikeza ucezu lwakho ukuhluka kwalo lonke futhi lulwehlukanise kuzo zonke ezinye izingoma ezimakethe namuhla.
Okhiye Bokumodela
Okhiye bokushintsha isho inqubo yokushintsha usuka komunye ukhiye uye kwenye. Ngokungeza noma ngokukhipha ama-semitones, abaculi bangakha izingoma ezithokozisayo eziqhubekayo futhi baguqule izingoma zibe okhiye abahlukene ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwayo kwangempela kwe-harmonic. Ukusebenzisa ama-semitones kuyindlela enhle yokudala izinguquko ezicashile ekwakhiweni futhi wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi awabukeki ngokungazelelwe noma ukhiye wokuwasebenzisa ngendlela efanele.
Kudinga ukuzijwayeza ukufunda ukuthi mangaki ama-semitone okufanele angezwe noma asuswe ukuze wenze ukushintsha kwethoni abushelelezi kodwa umthetho owodwa ojwayelekile wesithupha wokushintsha ibanga elincane lesithathu kungaba:
- Ama-semitones amabili (okungukuthi, G enkulu -> B flat major)
- Ama-semitones amane (okungukuthi, C omkhulu -> E flat major)
Uma ubhalela izinsimbi ezihlukene kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ezinye izinsimbi zingadlala kuphela amanothi kumarejista athile futhi ezinye izingqimba zobunkimbinkimbi ziphakama uma kubhekwa lokho okungase kudinge lezo zinsimbi lapho udlulisa usuka komunye ukhiye ukuya komunye.
Lapho bexoxa ngomqondo osekela izinkinobho zokumodula nabafundi, iningi lizobona ukuthi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yethiyori yomculo futhi uma sebeqonda ukuthi lezi zinqumo zisebenza kanjani, baya ngokuya bazi ukuthi ukungeza izikhawu ezithile kungenza kanjani umehluko phakathi kokuthile okuzwakala kunodaka uma kuqhathaniswa. into ezwakala igqamile!
Ukuthuthukisa Amandla
Ama-semitones, noma izinyathelo eziyingxenye, izinguquko ezincane zephimbo ezisetshenziselwa ukudala ama-nuances amakhulu emculweni. Izikhawu zomculo amabanga phakathi kwamanothi amabili, futhi ama-semitones awela esigabeni "esincane" sokudala imisindo eguqukayo.
Ama-semitones angasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa amandla ngezindlela eziningi. Ukusuka kumanothi i-semitone ngokuhlukana (owaziwa nangokuthi ukunyakaza kwe-chromatic) kudala ukungezwani okungangeza ukujula nobunkimbinkimbi ekwakhiweni. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuhambisaneni lapho kudingeka khona amandla engeziwe avela kunsimbi eyodwa.
Ama-semitones angasetshenziswa futhi ukuphakamisa noma ukwehlisa ukuphakama komugqa womculo okhona. Lokhu kudala ukuhluka kwejubane nesigqi okuholela ekulaleleni okunamandla kwababukeli, noma kwengeze amandla amasha lapho ubhala owakho umculo.
- Ukusebenzisa isikhawu se-semitone lapho kumodula phakathi okhiye bomculo iyasebenza ngoba idala uguquko olushelelayo kuyilapho igcina ukwakheka okuphelele nokuhambisana - okwenza abalaleli baqhubeke nokujabulela ukuqhubeka komculo okungenazihibe.
- Ukwengeza, ama-semitone abonakala ewusizo lapho ulandela amaphethini omculo adingayo ukwanda kwamanani enkulumo kulo lonke ucezu.
Isiphetho
Ekuphetheni, ama-semitones izikhawu okuthi, uma zivezwa ngokwezinombolo, zibhekisele kumabanga aphakathi kwezindawo zamanothi ayisikhombisa e-octave ekushuneni kwesimo somoya esilinganayo. Isikhawu sincishiswa ngohhafu lapho isemitone eyodwa ikhishwa kuyo. Uma i-semitone yengezwa esikhawulweni, iphumela ku- ingathandwa isikhawu futhi uma i-semitone isuswa kuyo, umphumela uba a kuncishisiwe isikhawu.
Ama-semitones angasetshenziswa ngezitayela ezihlukahlukene zomculo kuhlanganise blues, jazz nomculo wakudala. Ngokuqonda ukuthi zisebenza kanjani phakathi kwamaculo nemiculo, ungakha imisindo ecebile ngaphakathi kwezingoma zakho. Ama-semitones angasetshenziswa futhi ukudala ukungezwani nokunyakaza emculweni ngokushintsha umsindo wenothi elilodwa noma uchungechunge lwamanothi ukuze kwenzeke izikhawu ezingalindelekile.
Njengoba uqhubeka nokuhlola umhlaba wokuqanjwa nokuthuthukiswa komculo, kubalulekile ukujwayelana nomqondo wama-semitones nokuthi yini angayiletha emculweni wakho!
- Ukuqonda ama-semitones
- Izitayela zomculo zisebenzisa ama-semitone
- Ukudala imisindo ecebile enama-semitones
- Ukudala ukungezwani nokunyakaza ngama-semitones
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
