UKazuo Yairi wayengumenzi we-luthier nesigingci odumile waseJapan ohlonishwe ngokwethula umhlaba i-acoustic-electric isiginci.
Umsebenzi ka-Yairi waqala kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960s kuya ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, lapho akha khona amathuluzi kagesi e-acoustic-electric anezimpawu kakhulu zesikhathi sonke.
Akhe iziginci zisetshenziswe abaculi abaningi abadumile, okuhlanganisa u-Eric Clapton, uJohn Lennon, uNeil Young, noMark Knopfler.
Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka kabanzi ngempilo kanye nezimpumelelo zikaKazuo Yairi.
Isiqalo sokuphila
UKazuo Yairi (1923-1995) wayengumenzi weluthier waseJapan kanye nomenzi wesiginci owakha umsindo omusha wesiginci se-acoustic. Waqala ukwakha izinsimbi esemncane futhi ngesikhathi esemdala, wakhiqiza ezinye zeziginci ezihlonishwayo zentambo enayiloni emhlabeni. Umsebenzi wakhe uhehe abaculi abaqotho abavela emazweni omhlaba wonke futhi waba ngomunye wabantu ababenethonya embonini yezinsimbi zomculo.
Ukuphila kukaYairi esemncane kwaqala ngo-1923 lapho ezalwa eduze kwaseNagoya, eJapane. Uyise wayengumenzi we-violin owayala u-Yairi ukuthi angazakha kanjani izinsimbi ezenziwe ngezandla kusukela esemncane. Eseyinsizwa, u-Yairi waqeqeshwa ngaphansi kwe-luthier ehlonishwayo nayo etholakala eduze kwaseNagoya - Takeharu Matsumoto. Ngo-1950, u-Yairi wasungula indawo yakhe yokusebenzela—iKazuo Yairi & Company—lapho akha khona iziginci zakudala kanye nama-mandolin ngeso lakhe elibukhali ukuze athole imininingwane esheshe yamtholela udumo emhlabeni jikelele.
Kusukela ngo-1970 kuqhubeke u-Kazuo Yairi wasebenzisana nomfundi wangaphambili u-Hideyo Alano ukuze bakhe ulayini wabo wesiginesha weziginci zasendulo, ama-acoustics esitayela saseSpain, ama-jumbo acoustics, kanye namamodeli kagesi-acoustic abaculi bokuvakasha/abaqophayo. Lokhu kubambisana kwenza iKazuo Yari & Company yaba enye yezinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi ezizimele ezaziphumelela kakhulu eJapan ngaleso sikhathi ngaphambi kokuba ithengwe yinkampani i-Alvarez -Yari ngo-1984 lapho uKazuo eqhubeka nokusebenza waze wathatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi nje kokushona kwakhe ngeshwa ngenxa yomdlavuza eneminyaka engu-72 ubudala. Agasti 14, 1995.
Career
U-Kazuo Yairi wazalelwa eTokyo, eJapane ngo-1935. Waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokuba unjiniyela womsindo esiteshini somsakazo sendawo saseTokyo ngo-1955 lapho azifundise khona izisekelo zokuqopha nokukhiqiza. Ngenkathi esebenza kumaphrojekthi womculo ahlukahlukene, u-Yairi wagqugquzelwa umculo we-rock & roll kanye nowestern country, okwamholela ekuthuthukiseni izinsimbi ezakhelwe ukumumatha kangcono umsindo wazo.
Ngo-1960, wajoyina Yamaha futhi bathuthukise inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yesiginci sabo sentambo yensimbi ebizwa ngokuthi imodeli yeTakamine. Amanye amamodeli aklanyelwe ngqo abaculi be-jazz njengochungechunge lwe-FG olulandelwe maduze nje. Intuthuko yakhe edume kakhulu, nokho, yeza nokwakhiwa kwesiginci se-dreadnought shaped GD-20 acoustic ngo-1965 esabonakala sisezingeni lemboni eminyakeni ezayo. Amacebo akhe athuthukile afinyelela kwezinye izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo ezifana nama-mandolin nama-banjo awadale ngaphansi komkhiqizo we-Yamaha's Devilline kanye neziginci ze-Kirkbride ezikhiqizwe inkampani yakhe ezimele.
U-Yairi wagcina eshiye e-Yamaha ngo-1976 futhi wagxila emizamweni yakhe engamamayela angu-200 eningizimu eShizuoka lapho asungula khona i-Yairi Musical Instruments Co Ltd. Lapha, uphinde wanweba ububanzi beziginci ezitholakalayo ezihlanganisa izimo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izitayela zasendulo noma ama-cutaways anwetshiwe aphinde agaywe kabusha . Ukuzinikela kwakhe ekuthuthukiseni imodeli ngemuva kwemodeli kuholele ekutheni athathwe kabanzi njengomunye wondunankulu waseJapan kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe eneminyaka engama-84 ngo-2019.
Umthelela Emculweni
Uthando lukaKazuo Yairi ngomsebenzi we-luthier lwamenza waba ngomunye wabenzi besiginci abanethonya kunabo bonke. Wadunyiswa njengengcweti yezandla, edume ngokunaka ngokucophelela imininingwane kanye nezinsimbi zekhwalithi ephezulu azidalile. Umsebenzi wakhe ube nomthelela ohlala njalo emhlabeni womculo nokwenza isiginci, futhi ithonya lakhe lisabonakala nanamuhla. Lesi sihloko sizobheka umthelela uKazuo Yairi abe nawo emculweni.
Okuqanjwe kabusha ku-Guitar Design
U-Kazuo Yairi wayengumsunguli kanye nephayona ekudaleni imiklamo yenguquko yeziginci. Uphonsele inselelo isimo se-quo sokuthi iziginci zenziwa futhi zihlolwe kanjani, edala izindlela ezintsha zokwakha nezindlela zokuklama izinsimbi ze-acoustic.
Enye yezinto zakhe ezintsha eziyinhloko kwakuwukudala iphethini yokuhlanganisa evumela ikhwalithi yethoni ye-timbre ukuthi ishintshwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuzwakala noma ukuzinza kokushuna. Lo mklamo omusha unikeze abakhi besiginci ukulawula okwengeziwe ukuze bakhe izinhlobonhlobo zamathoni ayengakaze azwakale ngaphambilini. Wabuye wenza inqubo lapho izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni isiginci zingakhethwa ngokusekelwe ezicini zazo ze-tonal bese zihlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ziletha imiphumela emihle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Kazuo Yairi usebenze kanzima ukuze athole izindlela ezingcono zokwenza iziginci zizwakale kangcono ngokwethula ezinye izici ezifana nokuthwebula kwe-elekthronikhi okuthuthukisiwe, imithelela efana ne-reverb ne-echo, kanye nokuklama izesekeli ezifana nezikhiya zamabhande ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha nokusebenziseka kwethuluzi. Ucwaningo lwakhe lwaba wusizo olukhulu kubadlali besigingci ababefuna okwengeziwe ngomsindo wezinsimbi zabo kunangaphambili. Ngokwethula amasu okukhiqiza esimanje ahlanganiswe nobungcweti bendabuko, imizamo ka-Yairi yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ngisho nabadlali abasafufusa ukuthi bathole imiphumela yokuzwakala kochwepheshe kusukela kumathuluzi e-acoustic enkathini yesimanje.
Umsindo Oyingqayizivele
UKazuo Yairi ungumsunguli weqiniso emhlabeni weziginci ze-acoustic. Wazalwa ngo-1933, futhi kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, wakha izinsimbi ezinomsindo oyingqayizivele ohlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bakhe - ukwakha 'isitayela seYairi'.
U-Yairi uguqule indawo yesigingci se-acoustic ngokunaka okungenakuqhathaniswa kwemininingwane nobuciko. Izinsimbi zakhe zakhiwe ngeziqongo ezikhethiwe zesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi, izinkuni eziqinile ezingavamile, ama-ebony fretboards nezindlela ezithile zokuhlanganisa ezivumela ukusimama nokucaca okukhulu. Ijoyinti lentamo nomzimba elisetshenziswa u-Yairi linikeze isisekelo esibushelelezi sezintambo, ezivumela ukuthi zidlidlize ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kokuma komzimba noma ukuhlangana kwentamo eqinile.
UWilliam Eaton, umsunguli we-William Eaton Strings kanye nombhali wezincwadi ezimbalwa mayelana nobudlelwano phakathi kwezintambo nezifunda zomculo; “…”U-Kazuo Yairi ubengomunye wabangcweti besiginci abakhulu kunabo bonke abake baba khona—hhayi ngokomklamo noma ngobuhle kodwa ngokomsindo. Umsebenzi wakhe wahlanganisa izizukulwane, ehlanganisa izindlela zendabuko zaseJapane ekwenzeni izinsimbi nobuchwepheshe besimanje.”
Ngaphezu kohlu lwakhe lwesiginci ngaphansi kwegama lakhe elithi “Yairi” kanye no-Alvarez Yairi (ngokuhlangana neziginci ze-Alvarez), uKazuo uthole imiklomelo eminingi kulo lonke umsebenzi wakhe okuhlanganisa ne-Order of Culture yaseJapan ehlonishwayo ngo-1995 kanye nomklomelo kaTokai Gakki wokuphila konke ngo-2004. Kuze kube namuhla usaqhubeka nokukhuthaza abaculi emhlabeni wonke, njengoba indlela yakhe eyingqayizivele yokwenza umsebenzi wezandla isazwakala emashumini eminyaka kamuva.
Legacy
U-Kazuo Yairi ushiye ithonya elihlala njalo emhlabeni womculo, ikakhulukazi endaweni yemakethe yesiginci nezinsimbi zasendulo. Wayehlonishwa ngobuciko bakhe nokuzibophezela kwakhe kukhwalithi, ethula ama-luthier aseJapane ezimakethe zaseNtshonalanga ngamazinga amasha okusebenza kahle. Izinsimbi ze-Yairi zichazwe njengezinokwethenjelwa, ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi ezikwazi ukudlala kahle ngisho namanani aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nozakwabo baseYurophu.
Umthelela weziginci zamaYairi awubonakali kuphela ezigidini ezinegama lakhe kuphela kodwa nakwezinye iziginci ezenziwe abakhi abangaziwa kakhulu begqugquzelwa imiklamo kaYairi. Ubuye atuswe ngokwakha amanye ama-acoustics anezintambo zensimbi zokuqala avela e-Japan, okudale umphumela wokuguquguquka oholela ekukhiqizeni kwasekhaya okwengeziwe ngamanani akholeka kakhulu kunangaphambili. Nokho ingxenye yefa lakhe isasele kumabhrendi acishe abe ngu-200 azenzele wona.
U-Yari wasebenzisa amasu awathuthukise kuwo wonke amashumi eminyaka esipiliyoni somsebenzi wensimbi ukuze alethe amakhono aklanywe kahle okusebenza ngokhuni asekhona nanamuhla. Ifa lakhe livumele abafuna isiginci emhlabeni wonke ukuthi bakwazi ukufinyelela amathuluzi ekhwalithi ephezulu ngaphandle kokuphula ibhange. Kulezi zinsuku, iziginci ze-Kazuo Yari acoustic zidume njengezinye zezinto ezinhle kakhulu ezihlotshiswe ngezici ezihlanganisa amabhodi eminwe namakhanda aboshwe, ama-rosette ayinkimbinkimbi, amantongomane amathambo kanye namahhashi kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezinketho zokuklama kusukela kobunjwa besimanje kuya kumiklamo yakudala efana namamodeli we-parlor & orchestra. - zonke zifakwe ngaphakathi kweziqongo zespruce eziqinile noma i-mahogany tonewoods eqiniswe ngezinsimbi eziningi zasemuva ukuze kube nokuzinza okungeziwe kanye nokuqagela komsindo okuhle kakhulu okuqinile nokucaca.
I-Discography
UKazuo Yairi wayeyi-luthier yaseJapan owayenomsebenzi othathe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, futhi wayedume ngesitayela sakhe esiyingqayizivele sokwenza iziginci ze-acoustic. Kanjalo, uYairi ube negalelo elibalulekile embonini yomculo, izinsimbi zakhe zisetshenziswa abadlali abadume kakhulu emhlabeni. I-discography yakhe yayihlanganisa amamodeli amaningi anezimpawu kanye nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene ehlobene. Ake sibheke enye ye-discography ka-Yairi ephawulekayo.
Ama-albhamu
UKazuo Yairi, umculi waseJapan, ukhiphe ama-albhamu amaningi ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Wayaziwa kakhulu ngokuguquguquka kwakhe njengomqambi, umdidiyeli kanye nombhidisi futhi ethathwa njengomunye wabaculi ababenethonya elikhulu eJapan ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1960. Umsebenzi wakhe wawuyinhlanganisela yokuvelela ye-jazz, i-pop, i-bossa nova, i-tango neminye imisindo yesiLatini.
UKazuo Yairi ukhiphe ama-albhamu alandelayo phakathi kuka-1957 no-2003:
- Umculi wesiginci (1957)
-LocoMotion (1962)
-Bossa Nova (1965)
-Latin Jazz (1968)
-Izikhathi Ezijabulisayo Nezingoma Ezibuhlungu (1974)
-Live Album I: Live at Musashino Hall (1981)
-Live Album II: Bukhoma e-Meiji Kaikan Gekijo Concert Hall (1984)
- Umphathi Wephrojekthi (1985)
-Santa Rita Orchestra Live at HonaKitana Concert Hall (1996)
-Viva Yairi – Ifa Lomculo elivela Eqoqweni Lemisebenzi Kazuo Yairi Ekhiqizwe Ekupheleni Kweminyaka Eyishumi Yeshumi (70).
Singles
UKazuo Yairi wayengumqambi waseJapan, umbhidisi, umdidiyeli wokuqopha kanye nomhleli owaba nesandla ekuthuthukisweni komculo odumile waseJapan. Waziwa kakhulu ngokudala nokuhlela ezinye zezingoma eziphezulu zama-1950s kanye nama-1960s. Uphinde wahlonishwa ngokwethula isigqi esisha, izinhlaka zokucula kanye nemiculo emculweni wesimanje waseJapan.
Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, uKazuo Yairi wabhala izingoma eziningi ezingashadile ezikhishwe ngokuhweba. Ezinye zezinto zakhe ezidume kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- "Suitei Echigo no Mori" (1962)
- "Daikokuten" (1965)
- "Tsuru no Ongaeshi" (1966)
- "Mushi Uta" (Lezi Izingoma Zezinambuzane) (1967)
- "Hebi No Uta" (Ingoma Yenyoka) (1969)
– “Shiro Gonta Gonta Jigoku E” (Uhambo Oluya Esihogweni Ngokotini Omhlophe)”(1972).
Ngo-2010, iphephandaba lase-Tokyo Shinbun lavotela ingoma ka-Kazuo Yairi ethi “Suitei Echigo no Mori” njengelinye lamarekhodi adumile ayi-10 aseJapan ake akhululwa. Ngemuva kokushona kwakhe ngo-2001, uthole imiklomelo eminingi ngemuva kokushona kwakhe okuhlanganisa nokungeniswa e-Japan Rock Hall of Fame ngo-2006.
Isiphetho
UKazuo Yairi wayengomunye wamaluthier ahlonishwa kakhulu ekhulwini lama-20. Ukholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi izinsimbi kufanele zenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze zivumelane nomdlali. Waklama futhi wenza amathuluzi anezinga eliphezulu lekhwalithi nokunaka imininingwane eyayingenakuqhathaniswa. Indlela yakhe yokwenza i-luthiery iguqule imboni futhi imenze waba nomthelela kumaluthi esimanje. Kulesi sigaba, sizobuyekeza umthelela u-Yairi abe nawo emphakathini womculo kanye nefa lakhe elihlala njalo.
Ithonya Emculweni Wanamuhla
Umthelela kaKazuo Yairi emculweni wanamuhla usazwakala. Indlela eyingqayizivele ka-Yairi yokuklama nobungcweti yamvumela ukuba akhiqize izinsimbi ezihlukene zombili ngomsindo kanye nobuhle. Ukuhlanganisa kwakhe idizayini yendabuko yaseJapan nemithelela yaseNtshonalanga ilethe izwe elisha lonke lamathuba ekwenzeni isiginci se-acoustic, okukhuthaze ama-luthier amaningi namuhla.
Ithonya lakhe liye lazwakala emhlabeni wezinsimbi zikagesi, ngokwethulwa kohlu lwakhe lwe-DY solid body guitar kagesi. Lawa mathuluzi athengekayo aduma ngenxa yethoni yawo enothe ngokuhlukile kanye nekhwalithi yokwakha engaguquki, okuwenza alungele abasaqalayo nezingcweti ngokufanayo.
Umbono wakhe awugcinanga ekudaleni iziginci ezifinyeleleka kalula - usize ukuletha inqwaba yamathuluzi enziwe ngezandla ebusweni bomphakathi, esebenzisa uphawu lomkhiqizo oluhluke kakhulu kanye nemiklamo ekhangayo yomculo esiye yaba yisakhiwo sodumo phakathi kwabathandi besiginci abazinikele.
Nakuba u-Kazuo Yairi engasekho kithi, ifa lakhe liyokwaziswa ingunaphakade yibo bobabili abadlali besimanje kanye nama-purists ngokufanayo - igama lakhe lihlobene nokuklama ubuhle ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe eliqhubeka nokukhuthaza abanye abenzi besiginci abaningi emhlabeni jikelele ngisho namanje.
Ifa Elihlala Njalo
Ubuciko obusha nokuzinikela kukaKazuo Yairi emsebenzini wakhe kwaba nomthelela ohlala njalo emhlabeni womculo. Izinsimbi zakhe zisaqhubeka nokufunwa kakhulu ngenxa yokudlala kwazo okuvelele, ukukhanga kobuhle, kanye nekhwalithi yomsindo ephezulu. Abadlali emhlabeni wonke bakhule bejabulela izici ezihlukile zensimbi ye-Kazuo Yairi, futhi abadlali abaningi abasezingeni eliphezulu bazikhethela ukudlala kwabo.
UKazuo Yairi ukhunjulwa ngokushintsha imboni yezinsimbi ezinezintambo. Indlela yakhe yobungcweti enothando ikhuthaze izizukulwane zama-luthier akha izinsimbi zomculo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zangokwezifiso namuhla. Wayehlonishwa kakhulu kwelakubo eJapan nakuwo wonke umphakathi womculo, owaziwa kakhulu ngekhono lakhe njenge-luthier njengoba ayehlonishwa ngezinga lakhe elingayekethisi lekhwalithi.
Ifa lika-Yairi liqhubeka ngezinsimbi zomculo aziklama ukuphila kwakhe konke - ngayinye igcwele ingxenye yakhe engasoze yafa. Abaqoqi bazibona njengeziginci ezinhle kakhulu ezake zenziwa futhi zisajatshulelwa izizukulwane zabadlali besiginci namuhla - konke sibonga intshiseko ka-Kazuo Yairi nokuzibophezela ekwenzeni okuhle kuwo wonke amathuluzi azakha ngezandla zakhe.
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
