Iisemitones, kwaziwa njenge isiqingatha amanyathelo okanye ikhefu lomculo, yeyona yunithi incinci yomculo isetyenziswa rhoqo kumculo waseNtshona, kwaye isisiseko sokwakhiwa kwezikali kunye neechords. I-semitone idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-a Isiqingatha senyathelo, ekubeni kukho isiqingatha ithoni phakathi kwawo nawaphi na amanqaku amabini ajongeneyo kwisixhobo sebhodi yezitshixo. Kwesi sikhokelo siza kuphonononga ukuba zeziphi iisemitones kwaye zingasetyenziswa njani ukwenza umculo.
Igama elithile 'isemitone' ngokwayo isuka kwigama lesiLatini elithetha 'Inqaku lesiqingatha'. Isetyenziselwa ukuchaza umgama phakathi kwamanqaku amabini ameleneyo kwichromatic Isixa. Inqaku ngalinye kwisikali sechromatic lahlulwe ngesemitone enye (isiqingatha senyathelo). Umzekelo, kumculo wasentshona ukuba unyusa umnwe wakho phezulu ngesitshixo esinye kwikhibhodi yakho emva koko uhambise isemitone enye (isiqingatha senyathelo). Ukuba uhlehlisa ngeqhosha elinye ngoko uye uye kwenye isemitone (isiqingatha senyathelo). Kwisiginci oku kuyafana - ukuba uhambisa umnwe wakho phezulu nasezantsi phakathi kweentambo ngaphandle kokutshintsha kha thazeka nayiphi na i-frets ke udlala isemitone enye (isiqingatha senqanaba).
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ayizizo zonke izikali ezisebenzisa i-semitones kuphela; ezinye izikali endaweni yoko zisebenzisa izithuba ezinkulu ezinje ngeethowuni ezipheleleyo okanye isithathu esincinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda ii-semitones kuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuqonda indlela umculo waseNtshona osebenza ngayo kwaye unokusebenza njengesiseko esihle ukuba usaqala ukufunda ukudlala isixhobo sakho okanye ukuqamba umculo!
Yintoni iiSemitones?
A isemitone, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi Isiqingatha senyathelo okanye a ithoni esiqingatha, lelona xesha lincinane lisetyenziswa kumculo waseNtshona. Imele umahluko kwipitch phakathi kwamanqaku amabini akufutshane kwikhibhodi yepiyano. Ii-semitones zisetyenziselwa ukwakha izikali, iichords, iingoma kunye nezinye izinto zomculo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ukuba yintoni isemitone, isetyenziswa njani emculweni, kwaye iyichaphazela njani indlela esiwuva ngayo umculo.
- Yintoni isemitone?
- I-semitone isetyenziswa njani emculweni?
- I-semitone iyichaphazela njani indlela esiwuva ngayo umculo?
inkcazelo
Isemitone, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi Isiqingatha senyathelo okanye a ithoni esiqingatha, lelona xesha lincinci lisetyenziswayo kumculo waseNtshona. Ii-semitones zibonisa umahluko kwi-pitch phakathi kwamanqaku amabini akufutshane kwisikali sechromatic. Oku kuthetha ukuba naliphi na inqaku linokunyuswa okanye lihle ngesemitone enye ngokunyusa (bukhali) okanye ukuthoba (mcaba) inowuthi yayo. Umzekelo, umahluko phakathi kwe-C kunye ne-C-sharp yi-semitone enye, njengoko kunjalo umahluko phakathi kwe-E-flat kunye ne-E.
- Iisemitones zifunyanwa xa ushukuma phakathi kwawo nawaphi na amanqaku amabini ecaleni kwesikali sechromatic kodwa ngakumbi xa usebenza kwizikali ezinkulu nezincinci.
- IiSemitones zinokuviwa kuyo yonke imiba yomculo ukusuka kwiingoma zelizwi, iichowudi zengoma kunye neepateni ezikhaphayo ukuya kwizixhobo zomgca omnye eziqhelekileyo ezifana nekatala (intshukumo ye-fretboard), izitshixo zepiyano nangaphaya.
- Ngenxa yokuba ineethowuni ezisisiqingatha, ukuguquguquka kwelizwi kuyenziwa kube nokwenzeka njengoko kuvumela abaqambi ukuba bajonge utshintsho oluphambili ngokutyibilikayo kunye nokungqubana okumbalwa kwemvisiswano okanye iinxalenye zomculo.
- Xa zisetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo ngabaqambi, iisemitones zizisa imvakalelo yokuqhelana kodwa zikwazile ukudala uxinzelelo lomculo kunye nokwahluka kwezakhiwo zomculo eziqhelekileyo.
imizekelo
nokufunda iisemitones kunokuba luncedo xa udlala ipiyano okanye esinye isixhobo. Iisemitones lelona khefu lincinci phakathi kwamanqaku amabini. Benza isiseko sawo onke amakhefu omculo, babonelela ngendlela elula yokuqonda ukuba iipitshi zahluke njani omnye komnye emculweni.
Ukusebenzisa iisemitones kuqheliselo lomculo kunceda ukwazisa ukhetho lwakho lweenowuthi kwaye unike ulwakhiwo lweengoma kunye nokuhambelana. Ukwazi ii-semitones zakho kukuvumela ukuba uveze izimvo zomculo ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo ngelixa uqamba.
Nantsi imizekelo yeesemitones:
- Isiqingatha senyathelo okanye ithoni—Eli khefu lilingana nesiqingatha semitha, esingumgama ophakathi kwezitshixo ezimbini ezimeleneyo kwipiyano.
- Ithoni epheleleyo-Eli khefu libandakanya izinyuko ezibini ezinesiqingatha/iithoni; umzekelo, ukusuka ku-C ukuya ku-D linyathelo elipheleleyo.
- ISithathu esiNcinane—Eli khefu lizinyathelo/iithowuni ezinesiqingatha; umzekelo, ukusuka ku-C ukuya ku-Eb yi-semi-tones encinci yesithathu okanye emithathu.
- Okwesithathu Okubalulekileyo—Eli khefu libandakanya izinyuko ezinesiqingatha/iithowuni; umzekelo, ukusuka ku-C ukuya ku-E yi-semi-tones enkulu kwisithathu okanye ezine.
- Egqibeleleyo Eyesine– Eli xesha lokuphumla liqulathe amanyathelo/iithowuni ezinesiqingatha; umzekelo, ukusuka ku-C–F♯ sisine okanye isiqingatha semithowuni egqibeleleyo.
- I-Tritone - Eli gama lingaqhelekanga lichaza i-augmented yesine (isithathu esikhulu kunye ne-semitone enye eyongezelelweyo), ngoko ke yenza i-halfsteps / iithoni ezintandathu; umzekelo, ukusuka ku-F–B♭is tritone (iithowuni ezintandathu).
Uzisebenzisa njani iiSemitones kuMculo
Iisemitones Ziyingcamango ebalulekileyo kumculo njengoko zinceda ukudala ukunyakaza kwe-melodic kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-harmonic. Iisemitone lelinye lamaxesha ali-12 omculo athatha umgama phakathi kwamanqaku amabini. Ukwazi ukusebenzisa ii-semitones kumculo kuya kukunceda wenze iingoma ezinomdla kunye neziguqukayo kunye nokuhambelana.
Eli nqaku liza kuxoxa nge iziseko zesemitones kunye nendlela yokuzisebenzisa kwiingoma zomculo:
- Yintoni isemitone?
- Indlela yokusebenzisa ii-semitones ekuqulunqweni komculo?
- Imizekelo yokusebenzisa iisemitones ekuqulunqweni komculo.
Ukudala iiMelodies
Ukudala iingoma zomculo kuyinkalo ebalulekileyo yomculo, kwaye kudla ngokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa komculo iisemitones. Isemitone (ekwaziwa ngokuba sisiqingatha senyathelo okanye ithowuni enesiqingatha) lelona xesha lincinane lokuphumla elinokusetyenziswa phakathi kwamanqaku amabini. Ii-semitones zezinye zeendlela abaqambi abazenza ngayo iipateni zomculo, kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kwi-jazz, i-blues kunye nezimbo zesintu.
Ii-semitones zongeza ukuvakaliswa kumculo ngokwenza amaxesha angabonakalisa iimvakalelo ezifana nokukrokra, ukumangala okanye uvuyo. Ngokomzekelo, ngokushenxisa inowuthi enye phantsi kwe<em>semitone kudala isandi esincinane endaweni yesandi esikhulu—ukujika okubukhali. Ukongeza, ukuphakamisa inqaku elinye ngexabiso elifanayo kunokubamangalisa abaphulaphuli ngemvisiswano engalindelekanga xa belindele into eyahlukileyo.
I-semitones iphinda idale intshukumo ngaphakathi kwee-harmonies ngokuzitshintsha zibe yinkqubela phambili okanye iichords ezahlukeneyo. Xa uqamba, ungasebenzisa iisemitones ukuhambisa iithowuni eziphambili ukuze uvelise inkqubela phambili enokwazisa ngakumbi umdla kunye nobunzima kwiziqwenga zomculo. Ukwenza oku ngokufanelekileyo kufuna ulwazi oluthile malunga nethiyori yechord kunye nokuqonda indlela iichords ezitshintsha ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha ngeentshukumo ezithile okanye amakhefu adityanisiweyo ukudala iimpawu ezithile zethoni ezifana nokukrokra okanye usizi.
- Zikwanceda ukwahlula phakathi kweenowuthsi ezimbini xa iinowuthsi ezifanayo zivakala zisondelelene kakhulu kungekho sithuba saneleyo sokwahluka phakathi kwazo—oku kunceda ukuvelisa iiyantlukwano ezifihlakeleyo zethowuni nakwisandi somculo esiya kuthimba ingqalelo yabaphulaphuli ngokulula kunokuba uphindaphindo oludala lunokwenza ngenye indlela.
- Ukuqonda ukusetyenziswa kwee-semitones kubalulekile ekudaleni iingoma ezisebenzayo kunye nokuhambelana okwanelisayo kunye nomlinganiswa opheleleyo wetoni oya kunika isiqwenga sakho ukungafani kwayo yonke kwaye sisehlukanise kuzo zonke ezinye iingoma ezithengiswayo namhlanje.
Izitshixo zokumodareyitha
Izitshixo zokumodareyitha ibhekisa kwinkqubo yokutshintsha ukusuka kwesinye isitshixo sokutyikitya ukuya kwenye. Ngokudibanisa okanye ukukhupha i-semitones, iimvumi zinokwenza i-chord progression enomdla kwaye idlulisele iingoma kwizitshixo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa incasa yayo yokuqala ye-harmonic. Ukusebenzisa i-semitones yindlela elungileyo yokudala utshintsho olufihlakeleyo ekuqulunqweni kwaye uqiniseke ukuba azibonakali ngathi zikhawuleza okanye i-jaring ibalulekile ekusebenziseni ngokuchanekileyo.
Kuthatha ukuziqhelanisa ukufunda ukuba zingaphi iisemitones ekufuneka zongezwe okanye zithatyathwe ukuze kwenziwe utshintsho olugudileyo lwetoni kodwa umgaqo oqhelekileyo wesithupha wokutshintsha umgama omncinci wesithathu uya kuba:
- Iisemitones ezimbini (okt, G enkulu -> B flat major)
- Iisemitones ezine (okt, C enkulu -> E flat major)
Xa ubhalela izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezinye izixhobo zinokudlala amanqaku kuphela kwiirejista ezithile kwaye ezinye iileya ezintsonkothileyo zivela xa kujongwa ukuba ezi zixhobo zinokufuna ntoni xa utshintshela kwesinye isitshixo ukuya kwesinye.
Xa kuxoxwa ngengcamango emva kokulungelelanisa izitshixo kunye nabafundi, abaninzi baya kuqonda ukuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yethiyori yomculo kwaye bakuba beyiqondile indlela ezi nkqubela phambili ze-harmonic zisebenza ngayo, baye baqonde ngakumbi ukuba ukongeza amaxesha athile angenza njani umahluko phakathi kwento evakala ngathi inodaka xa ithelekiswa. into evakala iqaqambile!
Ukuphucula iiDynamics
Iisemitones, okanye amanyathelo anesiqingatha, zinguqu ezincinci zesandi ezisetyenziselwa ukudala ama-nuances amakhulu kumculo. Izihlandlo zomculo yimigama phakathi kweenowuthsi ezimbini, kwaye iisemitones ziwela kwicandelo "elincinci" lokudala izandi eziguqukayo.
Ii-semitones zingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula amandla ngeendlela ezininzi. Ukuhamba ukusuka kumanqaku isemitone ngaphandle (ekwaziwa njenge intshukumo yechromatic) yenza uxinezeleko olunokongeza ubunzulu kunye nobunzima kumxholo. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi ekukhaphaneni apho kufuneka amandla amaninzi avela kwisixhobo esinye.
Ii-semitones zisenokusetyenziswa ukunyusa okanye ukuthoba inowuthi yomgca womculo okhoyo. Oku kudala iiyantlukwano kwisantya kunye nesingqi esikhokelela kumava okumamela anamandla kubaphulaphuli, okanye yongeza iintshukumo ezintsha xa ubhala owakho umculo.
- Ukusebenzisa isithuba sesemitone xa umodareyitha phakathi izitshixo zomculo iyasebenza kuba idala inguqu egudileyo ngelixa igcina ulwakhiwo jikelele kunye nokuhambelana - kwenza abaphulaphuli baqhubeke benandipha ukuqhubeka komculo ngaphandle komthungo.
- Ukongeza, ii-semitones zingqina ukuba ziluncedo xa ulandela iipateni zomculo ezifunayo ukwanda kwezixa zokuthetha yonke iqhekeza.
isiphelo
Ukuququmbela, iisemitones zizithuba ezithi, xa zichazwe ngokwamanani, zibhekiselele kumgama phakathi kweendawo zeenowuthi ezisixhenxe ze-octave ngokulungelelaniswa kobushushu obulinganayo. Ikhefu liba sisiqingatha xa isemitone enye ithatyathwa kuyo. Xa i-semitone yongezwa kwisithuba sekhefu, iphumela kwi- zonyuswa ikhefu kwaye xa isemitone ithatyathwa kuyo, isiphumo ngu sinciphile isithuba.
Ii-semitones zingasetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zomculo kubandakanya blues, jazz kunye nomculo weklasiki. Ngokuqonda ukuba zisebenza njani ngaphakathi kweechords kunye neengoma, unokwenza izandi ezityebileyo kwiingoma zakho. Ii-semitones zingasetyenziselwa ukudala uxinzelelo kunye nentshukumo kumculo ngokuguqula isandi senowuthi enye okanye uthotho lwamanqaku ukuze kwenzeke amaxesha angalindelekanga.
Njengoko uqhubeka nokuphonononga ilizwe lokuqulunqwa komculo kunye nokuphuculwa, kubalulekile ukuba uqhelane nombono weesemitones kunye nento abanokuyizisa kumculo wakho!
- Ukuqonda iisemitones
- Izimbo zomculo kusetyenziswa iisemitones
- Ukudala izandi ezityebileyo ezineesemitones
- Ukudala uxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba ngeesemitones
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
