A Idijithali Audio I-Workstation (DAW) yeyona nto iphambili kwimveliso yomsindo yanamhlanje, evumela iimvumi kunye nabavelisi ukuba barekhode, bahlele, bahlele kwaye baxube umculo kwindawo yedijithali.
Sisixhobo esinamandla esivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze umculo ekhaya, kwistudiyo, okanye kwezinye iimeko, nokuba basendleleni.
Kweli nqaku, siza kudlula kwiziseko ze-DAW, indlela esebenza ngayo, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zeempawu kunye nezakhono ezinikezelayo.
Inkcazo yeDAW
I-Digital Audio Workstation, okanye i-DAW, yinkqubo yokurekhoda yomsindo we-multi-track. Isetyenziselwa ukurekhoda kunye nokuhlela iaudio ngendlela yeengoma zomculo. Isenokusetyenziswa ukwenza iziphumo zesandi kunye neentengiso zikanomathotholo.
Ii-DAWs zisebenzisa isoftware kunye nezixhobo zehardware kunye ukwenza inkqubo epheleleyo yokurekhoda kunye nokuxuba enokuthi isetyenziswe ziingcali kushishino lomculo, kunye nabaqalayo. Inkqubo idla ngokubandakanya i-audio interface, irekhoda yomsindo / umdlali, kunye ne ukuxuba ikhonkco. Ii-DAWs zihlala zisebenzisa abalawuli be-MIDI, iiplagi (iziphumo), iibhodibhodi (zokusebenza okuphilayo) okanye oomatshini bomgqomo wokurekhoda umculo ngexesha langempela.
Ii-DAWs ziya zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwazo ngokulula kunye noluhlu lweempawu abazinikezelayo kuzo zombini iimvumi ezivunyiweyo kunye nabathandi bokuzonwabisa ngokufanayo. Zisenokusetyenziselwa ipodcasting kunye nomsebenzi wevoiceover, zibenze zibe lukhetho olukhulu kubo bobabini abavelisi abangafundanga kunye nabachwephesha abafuna ukuqalisa ukwenza iiprojekthi zabo ekhaya.
Imbali yeDAW
I-Digital Audio Workstation yaqala ukusetyenziswa ngo-1980, yaphuhliswa njengendlela esebenzayo nefikelelekayo yokudala kunye nokurekhoda umculo kuneenkqubo ze-analog zendabuko. Kwiintsuku zokuqala, ukusetyenziswa kwe-DAW kwakulinganiselwe ngenxa ye-hardware ebiza kakhulu kunye nesoftware, ibenza kube nzima kubasebenzisi basekhaya ukuba bayiphumeze. Ekuqaleni koo-2000, ngekhompyutha ibe namandla ngakumbi kwaye ingabizi kakhulu, izitishi zokusebenzela zedijithali zaqala ukufumaneka lula ukuba zithengwe.
I-DAW yangoku ibandakanya zombini iihardware zokurekhoda ulwazi lwesandi ngedijithali kunye nesoftware yokuyilawula. Le ndibaniselwano ye-hardware kunye nesoftware ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza ukurekhoda ukusuka ekuqaleni kumaqonga esandi esenziwe kwangaphambili okanye izandi zeprogram ezivela kwimithombo yangaphandle efana nezixhobo okanye iisampuli ezirekhodiweyo. Kule mihla, iindawo zokusebenzela zedijithali zedijithali zifumaneka ngokubanzi kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ukulungiselela naluphi na uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali okanye ukusetyenziswa ngokulula.
Iintlobo zeDAW
I-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) ibonelela umsebenzisi ngezixhobo zokwenza kunye nokuxuba umculo, kunye noyilo lwesandi kwindlela yokusebenza yedijithali yanamhlanje. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zee-DAW ezifumanekayo kwimarike ukusuka kwi-hardware-based, isoftware-based, ukuya kwi-open-source-DAWs. Nganye ineseti yayo yeempawu kunye namandla anokuba luncedo kwiprojekthi yakho. Makhe siphonononge iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-DAWs ngoku.
Hardware-based DAW
I-Hardware-based Digital Audio Workstations (DAW) ziinkqubo ezizimeleyo ezibonelela abasebenzisi ngezakhono zokuhlela i-audio yobuchwephesha kwiqonga elizinikeleyo le-DAW. Eyenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwizitudiyo zokurekhoda, ukusasaza kunye nezixhobo zasemva kokuveliswa, ezi zixhobo zihlala zibonelela ngenqanaba elikhulu lokuguquguquka kunye nokulawula iinkqubo zekhompyuter zemveli. Ezinye zezixhobo zehardware ezidumileyo zibonelela ngokurekhodwa komkhondo obanzi kunye nokusebenza kokuhlela, kunye nojongano olwakhelwe ngaphakathi lokulawula imijelo yeaudiyo yeengoma ezininzi. Ukuphatheka kwabo kubenza babe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwiirigi zemveliso ephathwayo.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zee-DAWs ze-hardware ziquka umzila ophezulu kunye nokulawula ukuxuba, amandla okulungelelaniswa okubanzi okufana ne-panning, i-EQing, i-automation kunye nemiphumo yokucutshungulwa kokhetho. Ukongeza, uninzi luza luxhotyiswe ngeefilitha ezigqwethekileyo ezenzelwe ukuguqula izandi zibe ngezandi ezizodwa. Eminye imifuziselo isenokubonisa isakhono sokucinezela esakhelwe-ngaphakathi okanye ii-synthesizers zesixhobo esibonakalayo ukwenza iisampulu okanye izandi zesiko. Ngelixa ezinye iiyunithi ziqwalaselwe ukuvumela igalelo lelizwi elithe ngqo okanye lesixhobo ngelixa udlala iingoma ezisemva okanye urekhodwe lwengoma ezininzi, ezinye zifuna izixhobo ezongezelelweyo ezifana nabalawuli bangaphandle okanye iimakrofoni ukuba ziqhagamshelwe kwiyunithi nge-USB port okanye ezinye izibuko zonxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo.
I-Hardware ye-DAWs ingasetyenziselwa kuzo zombini iisetingi eziphilayo kunye ne-studio ngenxa yezinto eziphathwayo kunye neskimu solawulo esicacileyo esivumela amaxesha amancinci okuseta xa usuka kwindawo enye ukuya kwelinye. Ngaphaya koko, ii-DAWs zehardware zihlala zibonelela ngolungelelwaniso olubalaseleyo phakathi kokufikeleleka kunye nomgangatho xa kuthelekiswa nabalingane babo abasekwe kwikhompyuter ababonelela ngemisebenzi emininzi efanayo ngeqhezu leendleko.
Isoftware-based DAW
IiDAWs ezisekwe kwiSoftware ziinkqubo zeaudio ezisebenza kwihardware yedijithali njengekhompyuter yedesktop, ilaptop, idijithali mixer okanye indawo yokusebenza. Banikezela ngeempawu ezingaphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka xa kuthelekiswa ne-hardware-based DAWs, kodwa bafuna ikhompyuter enamandla ngakumbi ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ezinye zezona zidumileyo zesoftware esekwe kwi-DAWs zibandakanya iProTools, iLogic Pro X, Isizathu kunye ne-Ableton Live.
IiDAW ezisekelwe kwiSoftware zibonelela abasebenzisi ngobuninzi bezixhobo kunye neempawu ezinokusetyenziswa ukuqamba nokurekhoda umculo. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zibandakanya izixhobo ezibonakalayo, amandla okudlala okuvakalayo (okufana ne-plugin ye-audio yokudlala), abaxube (ukulinganisa izandi) kunye nabaqhubekisi beziphumo (ezifana nezilinganisi, izenzi kunye nokulibaziseka).
Ii-DAWs ezisekwe kwiSoftware zikwabonelela ngesakhono sokuhlela, esivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baqhubele phambili ukukhohlisa izandi zabo ngokusebenzisa iiplagi ezahlukeneyo okanye abalawuli beqela lesithathu elifana neekhibhodi ze-MIDI okanye iipadi zokulandelela. Ukongeza, ii-DAWs ezininzi ezisekwe kwisoftware zibonakalisa uluhlu lweenketho zokuhlalutya iaudiyo zokuhlalutya izingqisho ukuze uqalise iziqeshana okanye iisampulu ngokuzenzekelayo. Oku kunceda abasebenzisi ukwandisa uluhlu lweengoma zabo ngokwenza umculo ngeendlela ezingenakwenzeka ngezixhobo zemveli zodwa.
Iinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-DAW
I-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) yisoftware ekuvumela ukuba urekhode, uhlele kwaye udibanise iaudio yedijithali. I-DAW izisa iinzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kwezixhobo zokurekhoda zemveli ezifana neendleko eziphantsi, ukuhamba kunye nokuguquguquka. Oku kwenza ukuba i-DAW ilungele zombini iingcali kunye nee-hobbyists. Kweli nqaku siza kuxoxa ngezibonelelo eziphambili zokusebenzisa i-DAW.
Ukuhamba komsebenzi okuphuculweyo
Olona ncedo luphambili lokusebenzisa i-DAW luphuculo lokuhamba komsebenzi. Ngenkqubo yokuvelisa umculo okwinqanaba lobuchwephesha, abasebenzisi bayakwazi ukugqiba ngokukhawuleza nangomgudu imisebenzi ebidla ngokuthatha iiyure zomsebenzi onzima wezandla ngaphakathi nje kweqhezu lexesha. Oku kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kwiimvumi ezisebenza kwiiprojekthi ezinzima.
Ii-DAWs zikwabonelela ngeempawu eziphambili ezifana nabalawuli be-MIDI abadityanisiweyo kunye neeprosesa zeziphumo ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze ngokwezifiso isandi semveliso yabo ngaphandle kokufuna i-hardware eyongezelelweyo okanye izixhobo zesoftware. Ukongeza, ii-DAWs ezininzi zanamhlanje ziza kunye nezifundo, iitemplates kunye nabahleli beaudio/MIDI abakhelwe ngaphakathi abenza ukwenza umculo kube lula kunangaphambili. Okokugqibela, ii-DAW ezininzi zikwabandakanya amandla okugcina ilifu okwenza abasebenzisi babelane ngokulula kunye nokusebenzisana nabanye abavelisi ngaphandle kokutshintsha iinkqubo.
Ukwandiswa kolawulo
Xa usebenzisa i-digital audio workstation (DAW), wongeze ulawulo kwinkqubo yakho yokuvelisa umculo. I-DAW ikunika izixhobo zokwenza kunye nokusebenzisa isandi ngokwedijithali, ngelixa ikuvumela ukuba uvelise iiprojekthi zoyilo kunye neengoma ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokuchaneka.
Ukusebenzisa i-DAW kukunika ukufikelela kwizixhobo ezibonakalayo, iisampulu, ii-EQs, iicompressors kunye nezinye iziphumo ezinceda ukubumba kunye nokuhlela isandi sakho ngeendlela ezingenakwenzeka ngezixhobo eziqhelekileyo okanye izixhobo zokurekhoda. Umzekelo, i-DAW inokukunceda umaleko iinxalenye enye kwenye ukwenza utshintsho olugudileyo ukusuka kwingcamango enye okanye isingqisho ukuya kwesinye. Ubume bedijithali be-DAW bukwavumela ulandelelwano olululo oluchanekileyo kwaye lubonelela ngamathuba angenasiphelo okuhlela.
Olona ncedo luphambili lokusebenzisa i-DAW kukukwazi ukunika abasebenzisi ukwenza izinto ezithile ngaphakathi kweprojekthi yabo. Oku kuquka ukuzenzekela kwamanqanaba anje ngevolyum okanye useto lwe-panning, kunye neziphumo ezifana nokulibaziseka kunye namaxesha okubola kwesandisi, okanye useto lomoduzo kwizihluzo. I-automation ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo kumxube wakho kunye nokongeza intshukumo okanye ukuchuma kwezinye izandi ezicacileyo. Ikwayenza lula imisebenzi yasemva kokwenziwa kwemisebenzi efana ne-fade-ins okanye i-fade-outs yamacandelo ngaphandle kokulungelelanisa ngesandla iisetingi ngokuhamba kwexesha - ukonga abavelisi ixesha kwimisebenzi ebonakala ngathi yinto eqhelekileyo ngelixa ubanika ukufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuyila okunokwenzeka.
Ngokusebenzisa amandla afumanekayo ziindawo zokusebenzela zedijithali zangoku, abavelisi banokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo umbono wabo womculo kunanini na ngaphambili - ukwenza iirekhodi ngokukhawuleza ezineziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunokuba zinokufezekiswa ngeendlela zakudala ze-analog zokuvelisa.
Ukonyuka kokuguquguquka
Ukusebenzisa i-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba babe nokuguquguquka okwandisiweyo xa besebenza ngomsindo. Umsebenzisi unokukhohlisa umxholo wesandi ukuze afumane kanye isandi abasifunayo. Ngaphakathi kwe-DAW, yonke imisebenzi yokurekhoda kunye nokuhlelwa kweaudio inokwenziwa ngaphakathi kwesikrini esinye, isenza kube lula kumsebenzisi ukwenza utshintsho olukhawulezayo ekubhabheni kunye nokuqinisekisa ulawulo lomgangatho weaudio.
Ukongeza kokunyuka kokuguquguquka, ii-DAWs zibonelela ngezinye izibonelelo ezixabisekileyo kwiimvumi, abavelisi kunye nokurekhoda njineli. Iimpawu ezininzi eziza neeDAW zibandakanya imisebenzi yokucoca ephezulu; izinto ezizisebenzelayo eziphambili; izakhono zokulutha; ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezibonakalayo; izakhono zokurekhoda ezininzi; idibanisa imisebenzi ye-MIDI; kunye nokukhethwa kwemveliso ephucukileyo efana ne-side-chaining compression. Nge-hardware yanamhlanje kunye neteknoloji yesoftware, abasebenzisi banokwenza urekhodo olukumgangatho ophezulu kunye neengoma ngaphandle kokutyala imali eninzi kwi-hardware ebiza kakhulu okanye iimfuno zendawo.
Ngokusebenzisa i-digital audio workstation, abasebenzisi banokuthatha ithuba lezixhobo zesoftware ezinamandla ngexabiso elifikelelekayo, besenza kube lula ukufikelela kwiziphumo zesandi sobuchule ngexesha elifutshane. Amagcisa asebenzisa ii-DAWs awasathintelwa kukunyanzelwa kwezixhobo zabo ukuze benze iimbono zabo zomculo zibe yinto ebonakalayo-ebavumela ukuba babe nokufikelela okukhulu ukuvelisa iiprojekthi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngaphandle kokuthomalalisa umgangatho wesandi okanye ubuchule bokuyila.
IiDAWs ezidumileyo
Indawo yokusebenza yedijithali (DAW) luhlobo lwenkqubo yesoftware esetyenziselwa ukurekhoda, ukuhlela kunye nokuveliswa. Ii-DAWs zisetyenziswa ziinjineli zesandi, abavelisi, kunye neemvumi ukurekhoda, ukuxuba, kunye nokuvelisa umculo kunye nezinye iiaudio. Kweli candelo, siza kugxila kwii-DAWs ezidumileyo ezikhoyo ngoku kwimarike.
Pro Tools
Izixhobo zePro yenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo zeDigital Audio Workstation (DAWs) ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso yomculo yanamhlanje. Izixhobo zePro ziphuhliswa kwaye zithengiswa yi-Avid Technology kwaye sele isetyenziswa ukususela ngo-1989. Njengomnye wemigangatho yoshishino ye-DAW, i-Pro Tools ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhula rhoqo ezenza kube yinto ekhangayo yokuzikhethela kwiimvumi kunye nabavelisi bawo onke amanqanaba. .
Izixhobo zePro zivelele kwezinye ii-DAWs ngenxa yokhetho olubanzi lweeplagi, iziphumo, kunye nezixhobo kunye neendlela eziguquguqukayo zendlela. Oku kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze imixube entsonkothileyo ngokulula. Ukongeza, izixhobo zePro zibonelela ngeempawu ezilungiselelwe ngokukhethekileyo kwiinjineli zeaudio zobuchwephesha ezifana nezixhobo zokuhlela umkhondo, amandla okubeka iliso exesha eliphantsi, ukuhlelwa okuchanekileyo kwesampulu, kunye nokudityaniswa komkhondo okungenamthungo kunye nabalawuli abaninzi behardware abaziwayo.
Ekugqibeleni, iPro Tools iboleka kuhambo lokuyila olunceda abasebenzisi ukuba benze esabo isandi esahlukileyo. Ujongano lwayo lomsebenzisi olubonakalayo lwenza kube lula ukufunda kunye nokuhamba ngelixa unikezela ngezixhobo ezininzi ezinamandla kwiimvumi ezinamava. Ngelayibrari yayo ebanzi yeeplagi kunye noluhlu olubanzi lokuhambelana nezinye izixhobo, iPro Tools ngenene yenye yenkulumbuso yeDigital Audio Workstations ekhoyo namhlanje.
Ingqondo Pro
I-Logic Pro yindawo yokusebenzela yomsindo yedijithali eyenziwe yi-Apple, Inc. Yenzelwe ukuba isetyenziswe kuzo zombini izixhobo zeMac kunye ne-iOS kwaye ixhasa zombini i-32-bit kunye ne-64-bit Windows kunye neMacs. Inomsebenzi onamandla olungiselelwe wonke umntu, kodwa ineempawu ezinamandla kwiingcali ngokunjalo.
Kwi-Logic Pro, abasebenzisi banokurekhoda, baqulunqe kwaye bavelise umculo ngezixhobo ezibonakalayo, izixhobo ze-MIDI, iisampuli zesoftware kunye neelophu. Le app ibandakanya ngaphezulu kwe-7000 yezixhobo zesampulu ezivela kumathala eencwadi ahlukeneyo angama-30 kwihlabathi liphela ezigubungela lonke uhlobo olunokucingelwa. I-injini yomsindo ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze iinguqulelo ezingapheliyo zamatyathanga esiphumo - oku kuthetha ukuba banokufaka iziphumo ezinje ngee-EQs, iicompressors kunye nezandi kwiingoma zomntu ngamnye.
I-Logic Pro ikwabonelela ngobutyebi beenketho zolandelelwano kunye nomhleli wayo owakhelwe-ngaphakathi we-matrix ovumela abasebenzisi ukubumba ngokukhawuleza isandi sabo ukuze silungele ukukhululwa okanye ukusasazwa. Useto lwemigca yesitishi luvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bahlele izandi zabo kuzo zonke iingoma ezili-16 kwifestile enye ngexesha elinye ngelixa umxubi ebonelela ngoyilo lwesandi esinokwenzeka esineziphumo ezingama-32 ngengoma nganye - ilungele zombini iinjineli zokuxuba ezichubekileyo kunye nee-amateurs zokurekhoda ekhaya ngokufanayo. I-Logic Pro ngokwayo ibonelela ngeXesha leFlex elikuvumela ukuba ushukume kwimimandla ye-tempo'd eyahlukileyo ngaphakathi kwinqanaba elinye lexesha ukuze udale utshintsho olulodwa okanye ushicilelo olulodwa lwe-LP ngokulula ukuthintela ukuchitha ixesha lokurekhoda kwakhona okanye ukuhlelwa kwexesha elibi.
Lilonke, i-Logic Pro isala yenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo zokusebenzela zedijithali ezifumanekayo kuba yeyona nto inamandla amangalisayo yemveliso ethembekileyo kodwa ethe ngqo ngokwaneleyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwabavelisi ukusuka kwabaqalayo ukuya kumagqala oshishino ngokufanayo.
UAbleton uhlala
I-Ableton Live yindawo yokusebenzela yedijithali edumileyo (DAW) esetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimveliso yomculo kunye nokusebenza okuphilayo. Ibandakanya zombini izixhobo zokurekhoda kunye nokuqulunqa, ikuvumela ukuba udale izandi ezintsonkothileyo kunye neebhithi kujongano olubonakalayo elenza ukusebenza ngesingqisho kunye neengoma zibe yimpepho. I-Ableton iphinda ibonise iimpawu ezinamandla ezifana nolawulo lwe-MIDI, oluvumela iimvumi ukuba zidibanise i-hardware yazo kunye ne-Ableton Live ukulawula ixesha lokwenyani kwiziqeshana, izandi kunye nemiphumo.
I-Live inikezela ngoluhlu lweenketho malunga nokuthenga: uhlelo oluqhelekileyo luqulethe zonke iziseko, ngelixa i-Suite inika abasebenzisi izixhobo eziphambili ngakumbi ezifana ne-Max ye-Live - ulwimi lwenkqubo olwakhelwe kwi-Live. Kukwakho nenguqulelo yovavanyo yasimahla efumanekayo yokuvavanya phambi kokuthenga - zonke iinguqulelo ziyahambelana neqonga.
Ukuhamba komsebenzi kwe-Ableton yenzelwe ukuba ibemanzi kakhulu; ungamaleko izixhobo kunye nesandi kwiSeshini Jonga okanye urekhode izimvo zakho ngoko nangoko usebenzisa iJongo loLungiselelo. I-Clip Launcher ibonelela iimvumi ngendlela entle yokuqalisa iikliphu ezininzi ngaxeshanye - ifanelekile kumdlalo wamabhongo "obukhoma" apho uphuculo lomculo ludibana nobuchwephesha betekhnoloji.
Ukuphila akuphelelanga nje kwimveliso yomculo; uluhlu lwayo olubanzi lweempawu ziyenza ilungele ezinye izicelo ezininzi - ukusuka kwimisebenzi ye-audio yasemva kwemveliso ukuya kwi-DJing ephilayo okanye ukuyila isandi, iyenza ibe yenye yezona zinto ziguquguqukayo ze-DAWs phaya namhlanje!
isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, i-Digital Audio Workstation sisixhobo esinamandla sokuvelisa umculo, ulandelelwano kunye nokurekhoda komsindo. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze ulandelelwano lomculo oluntsonkothileyo, barekhode iingoma zeaudio kwifomathi yedijithali, kwaye basebenzise iisampulu ngokulula kwisoftware. Ngokubonelela ngokufikelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo zokuhlela, iiplagi kunye neempawu, i-Digital Audio Workstations iye yaguqula indlela esenza ngayo kunye nokuxuba umculo. Ngojongano lwayo olusebenziseka lula, iimpawu ezinamandla kunye neziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezingaguqukiyo; Indawo yokuSebenza yeDijithali iye yaba lolona khetho lukhethwayo kwiimvumi ezivunyiweyo kwihlabathi liphela.
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
