Kunzwisisa chikamu mukurira kwakakosha pakusanganisa uye kugona mimhanzi.
Chikamu chenzwi chinotarirwa nenguva yacho maererano nemamwe manzwi, uye chinokanganisa manzwisisiro anoita ruzha kana manzwi akawanda achinzwika pamwe chete.
Iyi sumo ichapa mhedziso yepfungwa yechikamu uye kuti inogona kushandiswa sei mukunzwika kugadzira mhedzisiro dzakasiyana.
Tsanangudzo yechikamu
Mukugadzira ruzha uye kurekodha, chikamu hukama hwenguva inosiyana iripo pakati pemanzwi emarudzi akasiyana. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kutsanangura hukama pakati pemasaisai maviri pane imwe nguva nenguva. Kana pekutanga kukurukura chikamu, isu tinowanzo funga nezve maikorofoni kuiswa uye nhanho nyaya; zvisinei, inogonawo kutariswa munzvimbo ipi neipi iyo yakawanda inonzwika zvinyorwa zvakabatanidzwa munzvimbo imwechete kusanganisira multitrack kurekodha uye kurarama kusanganiswa kwekuita kwemimhanzi kana kusimbisa inzwi.
Hukama hwechikamu hunosanganisira madhigirii ehukama hwenguva, zvichireva kuti kana sosi imwe yakasimudzwa kune rimwe divi uye imwe yakanamirwa kune rimwe divi, imwe yekuwedzera 180-degree angular offset mukugadzirisa nguva inoshandawo pakati pavo. Izvi zvinoguma nekukanzurwa (kana kudzikisira) kwema frequency kana kuwandisa ("kuvaka") mhedzisiro apo mafambiro anowedzerwa. Kuti uone kuti masaini maviri anodyidzana sei kune mumwe nemumwe maererano nemhedzisiro iyi anofanirwa kuongororwa pagirafu (a frequency mhinduro curve). Iyi mhando yekuongorora inobatsira kuona kuti masaini maviri anosanganisirwa sei uye kuti anosanganisa kuwedzera (akawedzerwa pamwechete) kana zvinovaka (mu-chikamu) - imwe neimwe ichipa yayo yakasarudzika nhanho kana kugadzira kukanzura kana mamwe mazinga zvichienderana nehukama hwayo nemumwe (kunze- ye-phase). Izwi rekuti "chikamu" rinowanzo shandiswa pakukurukura maitiro e-multi-miking sezvo richitsanangura kuti maMICs anodyidzana sei uye anosunga mic yekuisa nzira senge X/Y masisitimu.
Mhando dzechikamu
Chikamu chechiratidzo cheaudio chinoreva hukama hwenguva pakati pezviratidzo zviviri kana kupfuura. Kana masaisai maviri eruzha ari muchikamu, anogovanisa amplitude yakafanana, frequency uye nguva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nhongonya uye zvimwiro zvemafungu ega ega anoitika panzvimbo imwechete uye nenguva.
Chikamu chinogona kutsanangurwa maererano nemadhigirii, ne 360 ° inomiririra imwe yakazara kutenderera kweaveform. Semuenzaniso, chiratidzo chine 180 ° chikamu chinonzi "chakakwana" nepo chimwe chine 90 ° chikamu chingave "hafu kunze" kwechikamu kubva pachimiro chayo chepakutanga. Kune marudzi mana makuru ehukama hwechikamu:
-In-Phase: 180 °; zvose zviratidzo zvinofamba nenzira imwechete panguva imwe chete
-Half Out-of-Phase: 90 °; masaini ese ari maviri achiri kufamba munzira imwe panguva dzakasiyana
-Kunze-kwe-Phase: 0 °; chiratidzo chimwe chinoenda kumberi asi chimwe chichidzokera kumashure panguva chaiyo
-Quarter Out-of-Phase: 45 °; imwe siginecha inoenda kumberi imwe ichidzokera kumashure asi zvishoma isingawirirane.
Kunzwisisa kuti aya marudzi akasiyana ebasa rechikamu anobatsira sei mainjiniya kugadzira akawanda nuanced musanganiswa uye kurekodha, sezvo ivo vachigona kusimbisa mamwe manzwi kuti vagadzire zvinonakidza sonic mhedzisiro kana chiyero mazinga mukati memusanganiswa.
Iyo Phase Inobata Sei Ruzha
Phase ipfungwa mune ruzha inogona kubatsira kuona kuti inzwi rinonzwika sei. Inogona kuwedzera kujeka uye tsananguro, kana inogona kugadzira madhaka nemadhaka. Kunzwisisa pfungwa yechikamu kunogona kukubatsira iwe kugadzira zvirinani zvinonzwika zvinosanganiswa. Ngatitarisei kuti chikamu chinokanganisa sei ruzha uye nei yakakosha paunenge uchigadzira odhiyo.
Phase Cancellation
Kudzimwa kwechikamu kunoitika kana masaisai eruzha achidyidzana achikonzeresa kuti amplitude yeinzwi rakasanganiswa kudzima uye mune dzimwe nguva inonyangarika zvachose. Zvinoitika kana maviri (kana anopfuura) masaisai eruzha eiyo frequency abuda muchikamu chimwe nechimwe uye maamplitudes anokanganisa nenzira isina kunaka.
Mune mamwe mazwi, kana imwe wave iri padanho repamusoro apo imwe iri pasi payo inokonzeresa kukanzura, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwevhoriyamu. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nemamics maviri kana anopfuura akaiswa padhuze nepadhuze uye achitora kurira kwakafanana kana nekuda kwekuiswa kwechiridzwa mukati mekamuri - semuenzaniso gitare rakamira rakananga padyo neamp aro aine ese ari maviri. pickups kubatidza.
Izvo zvinoitikawo kana vatauri vaviri vakaiswa padhuze vari kutamba chiratidzo chimwe chete asi neimwe inverted (kunze-kwe-chikamu). Tichitaura, inofanirwa kuramba ichinzwika sezvo asiri ese ma frequency achakanganiswa asi shanduko padanho inogona kuita kuti zviome kuona. Kutaura zvazviri, kana uchiwedzera vatauri vakawanda pamwe chete unogona kuwana imwe nhanho yekukanzurwa zvichienderana nenzvimbo yavo chaiyo - kunyanya kana vari pedyo pamwe chete.
Izvi zvine basa mukurekodha zvakare pazvinogona kutibatsira kuvandudza maikorofoni nekutibvumira kuti tinyatsonzwa ruzha rwakadzimwa kana kumwe kutsamira pakaitika - senge ma mic positions anotora ruzha rwakafanana asi kubva kumakona akasiyana.
Phase Shifting
Kana maviri kana anopfuura maodhiyo masosi akasanganiswa (akavhenganiswa) anozogara achidyidzana, dzimwe nguva achiwedzera uye dzimwe nguva achikwikwidza neyekutanga ruzha. Chiitiko ichi chinozivikanwa se phase shift kana kukanzura.
Kuchinja kwechikamu kunoitika kana chimwe chezviratidzo chikanonoka munguva, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kunovaka kana kuparadza. Kukanganisa kunovaka kunoitika kana masaini asangana kukwidziridza mamwe ma frequency zvichikonzera chiratidzo chakasimba chese. Kusiyana neizvi, kukanganisa kunoparadza kunoitika kana masaini maviri abuda muchikamu achikonzera kuti mamwe ma frequency adzimane zvichikonzera ruzha rwakadzikama.
Kuti udzivise kupindira kunoparadza, zvakakosha kuziva chero ipi zvayo inogona kuitika nguva pakati pezvinyorwa zvinonzwika uye kugadzirisa maererano. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekurekodha ese akapatsanurwa mateki ekuteerera panguva imwe chete, uchishandisa musanganisi kutumira kopi yechiratidzo kubva kune imwe sosi zvakananga kune imwe sosi nekunonoka kudiki, kana kuunza kunonoka kudiki mune imwe track kusvika chaunoda chawanikwa. .
Pamusoro pekudzivirira kudzima ma frequency, kusanganisa maredhiyo enziyo zvakare kunobvumira mamwe anonakidza mhedzisiro senge stereo imaging nekupuruzira rimwe divi kuruboshwe nekurudyi pamwe nekusefa muzinga uko kukwirisa uye kwakaderera frequency inobuda kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana munzvimbo pane kusanganisa pamwechete. mukati mekamuri rakapihwa kana nzvimbo yekurekodha. Kuedza neaya akajeka ruzivo kunogona kugadzira ane simba uye anonakisa masanganiswa anomira pachena mune chero sonic mamiriro!
Comb Sefa
Kusefa kwecomb kunoitika kana mafambiro eruzha maviri akafanana asanganiswa pamwe neimwe yemafrequency ichinokerwa zvishoma. Izvi zvinoburitsa mhedzisiro inocheka mamwe mafrequency uye kusimbisa mamwe, zvichikonzera kukanganisa mapatani ayo anogona kunzwika uye kuona. Kana wakatarisa waveform, uchaona kudzokorora mapatani anoita kunge ane muzinga-sechimiro.
Kana rudzi urwu rwekuita rukaiswa kune ruzha, rwunoita kuti dzimwe nzvimbo dziite sedzakashata uye dzisina hupenyu nepo zvimwe zvikamu zvichiratidzika kunge zvakanyanya. Hurukuro hwe "comb" yega yega hunoenderana nenguva yekunonoka inoshandiswa pakati pekutevera / kusanganiswa kwemasaini uye zvakare tuning / frequency kuseta paunenge uchirekodha / kusanganisa zviridzwa.
Izvo zvinokonzeresa kusefa muzinga kusarongeka kwechikamu (apo imwe seti yeruzha ikabuda neimwe) kana matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza acoustic akadai sekuratidzira kubva kumadziro, sirin'i, kana pasi. Inogona kukanganisa chero mhando yeaudio chiratidzo (izwi, gitare kana madhiramu) asi inonyanya kucherechedzwa pamanzwi ekurekodha masitudiyo uko kunze-kwe-chikamu nyaya dzinowanzoitika nekuda kwekushaikwa kweiyo chaiyo yekutarisa masisitimu. Kuti ubvise kusefa muzinga unofanirwa kugadzirisa kusarongeka kwechikamu kana zvimwe zvinokonzeresa nekushandisa acoustic kurapwa/magadzirirwo munzvimbo dzekurekodha pamwe nekutarisa kurongeka kwechikamu mumatanho ekusanganisa padanho rega rega uye master level zvakateerana.
Mashandisiro eChikamu muKurekodha
Phase ipfungwa yakakosha yekunzwisisa kana uchirekodha odhiyo. Inotsanangura hukama pakati pemasaini maviri kana anopfuura masaini uye mabatiro avanoita kune mumwe nemumwe. Icho chinhu chakakosha cheinjiniya inonzwika sezvo ichikanganisa ruzha rwekurekodha munzira dzakati wandei. Kunzwisisa mashandisiro echikamu mukurekodha kunogona kukubatsira iwe kugadzira imwe nyanzvi yekuridza musanganiswa. Ngatikurukurei izvo zvekutanga zvechikamu uye kuti zvinokanganisa sei maitiro ekurekodha.
Kushandisa Phase Shifting
Phase shifting ndiko kushandurwa kwehukama hwenguva pakati pemasaisai maviri. Icho chishandiso chinobatsira kana uchisanganisa uye kurekodha ruzha nekuti inokutendera iwe kudzora yekubuda nhanho, frequency chiyero, uye kufungidzira mukugadzirwa kweaudio. Nekuchinja kwechikamu, iwe unogona zvakare kushandura tonal ruvara rweruzha nekushandura harmonic zvirimo uye nei zvakakosha kuti uwane marekodhi aunoda.
Phase shifting inoita izvi nekutambanudza kana kudzvanya ma frequency akasiyana panzvimbo dzakasiyana muruzha wave kugadzira sefa. Iyi sefa mhedzisiro inodzorwa nekugadzirisa misiyano yenguva pakati pekuruboshwe nekurudyi chiteshi chechiratidzo chimwe. Nekunonotsa imwe yeaya chiteshi zvishoma, unogona kugadzira yekukanganisa pateni ine inonakidza mhedzisiro pane frequency mhinduro uye stereo imaging yeruzha.
Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukaisa mono pad (chikamu chekhibhodi) pamberi pegitare acoustic uye wovatumira vese kune yavo yega chiteshi pane yako odhiyo interface, ivo vanozosangana pamwe chete asi vakazara muchikamu - zvichireva kuti ivo. inokwana pamwe chete zvakaenzana painonzwika pamwe chete mumatauri kana mahedhifoni. Nekudaro, kana iwe waizounza isina kunaka 180 dhigirii chikamu chekuchinja kune imwe chiteshi (inonotsa imwe chiteshi zvishoma), masaisai aya aizodzimana kunze; izvi zvinogona kushandiswa sechishandiso chekugadzira mutsauko nemhando mbiri dzezviridzwa zvinogona kupesana zvine hunyoro kana zvakanyorwa pamwe chete. Pamusoro pezvo, chero ma frequency angave asiri kutora ruzha rwako rwaunoda anogona kudzikiswa nehunyanzvi uhu uye / kana kuridza mhere isingade - chero uchitamba nehukama hwechikamu.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kushanda nechikamu kunoda kudzikama kugadziridzwa kwechiyero sezvo kunyangwe zvidiki zvisizvo zvichave nemhedzisiro inoenderana ne frequency chiyero uye imaging pane zvakarekodhwa - asi chero zvikaitwa nemazvo, zvinogona zvakare kuguma nekuwedzera tonality dzaive dzisina kumboitika. zvinogoneka kare.
Kushandisa Phase Cancellation
Phase kukanzura inotsanangura maitiro ekuwedzera masaini maviri pamwechete ane chaiwo frequency, amplitude uye wave shape asi ari mukupesana polarity. Kana masaini emhando iyi asangana pamwechete, vane mukana wekudzima mumwe nemumwe kunze kana maamplitudes akaenzana. Izvi zvinokweretesa zvakanaka kune kurekodha mamiriro sezvo zvichigona kushandiswa kunyararidza uye kupatsanura ruzha mukati metrack uchiri kubvumira zviridzwa zvine akafanana zvivakwa kuti zvigare zvakanaka mumusanganiswa.
Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kushandisa chikamu kudzima nekugadzira semhedzisiro pachiratidzo paunenge uchirekodha kana kusanganisa. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukabatanidza maviri kana anopfuura maikorofoni pane imwe sosi uye pani imwe kubva-yepakati nekugadzirisa chiyero chechiratidzo cheiyo mic, ipapo unogona kugadzira shanduko ine simba mukurira nekudzima mamwe ma frequency neanopokana masaini masaini pane dzimwe nzvimbo. panguva yekutamba. Izvi zvinogona kugadzira mhedzisiro yechero chinhu kubva kune yakafararira musanganiswa kusvika kune yakasimba yakatarisana neruzha zvinoenderana nekwaunoisa mics yako uye kuti yakawanda sei polarity yaunosuma muchiratidzo chetani yavo.
Phase hukama pakati pezviridzwa zvinozoitawo basa rakakosha panguva yekurekodha zvikamu. Nekubatanidza ese ezviridzwa zvako kune mumwe nemumwe maererano nechikamu / polarity, inova nechokwadi chekuti sechinhu chimwe nechimwe chinofamba nechayo chega chekugadzirisa maitiro (compression, EQ), hapazove nezvinonzwika zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nekuda kwekukanzurwa kusingatarisirwe pakati. zvinhu zvakarekodhwa kana zvasangana pamwechete. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti mateki ako ese ane kwakaringana chikamu kurongeka usati warovera pasi kwakakosha kana iwe uchitsvaga akachena masanganiswa ane mashoma EQ gadziriso inodiwa mushure.
Kushandisa Comb Sefa
Imwe yeakakosha mashandisirwo echikamu mukurekodha inozivikanwa se "comb kusefa," rudzi rwekuvhiringidza kwenguva pfupi iyo inogona kugadzira hollow-inonzwika resonances pakati pematiraki akawanda kana maikorofoni masaini.
Mhedzisiro iyi inoitika kana ruzha rumwechete rwarekodhwa uchishandisa maikorofoni maviri kana anopfuura kana nzira dzechiratidzo. Iyo yakanonoka vhezheni yerwiyo ichave kunze-kwe-chikamu neyekutanga track, zvichizokonzera Cancelational Interference (aka "phasing") kana matiraki maviri aya abatanidzwa. Kukanganisika uku kunokonzeresa kuti mamwe ma frequency aite seakakwira kupfuura mamwe, achigadzira yakasarudzika maitiro efrequency eq uye mavara muchiratidzo.
Kushandisa comb kusefa kune nemaune mavara masaini masaini yakajairika tsika yekurekodha studio marongero. Inowanzo shandiswa kana mainjiniya achida kuwedzera inzwi rakasiyana kune chiridzwa, chikamu chezwi kana musanganiswa chinhu senge reverb kuburikidza ne 'colourisation'. Kuwana iyi ruzha rwakasiyana kunoda kungwarira kushandura maikorofoni uye chiyero chechiratidzo pamwe nekunonoka kusanganisa nembishi yakaoma masaini anoshora echinyakare equalization maitiro anoenderana neiyo static frequency boosts / kucheka pamatiraki ega ega / chiteshi.
Kunyange zvichida kuita sarudzo zvine hungwaru uye kuita zvine hunyanzvi, rudzi urwu rwekuenzanisa runogona kubatsira kuunza hupenyu nehunhu kune odhiyo iyo yechinyakare EQ kazhinji isingakwanise kupa. Nekunzwisisa kurinani kwemashandiro anoita chikamu, iwe unenge uri munzira yekuve nyanzvi 'colouriser'!
mhedziso
Phase inoita basa rakakosha muinjiniya inonzwika uye kugadzira. Kubva pakugadzirisa nguva yeimwe track kuti ienderane zvakakwana neimwe kuita chokwadi kuti vocals & gitare kumira kunze mumusanganiswa, kunzwisisa mashandisiro ayo zvinobudirira kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hunoshamisa hwekujeka, hupamhi uye mameseji kumisanganiswa yako.
Muchidimbu, chikamu chiri pamusoro penguva uye kuti ruzha rwako rwunopindirana sei nemamwe manzwi kana mapoinzi ekutanga abva kune imwe neimwe isingasviki millisecond. Hazvisi nyore nguva dzose sekuwedzera kunonoka kana reverb; dzimwe nguva zvinobatsira kugadzirisa nguva yemateki akasiyana pane kungoita manzwi avo kana mazinga. Izvi zvinoreva kufunga nezve zviri kuitika pakati pevatauri, zvakare! Kana iwe uchinge wanzwisisa kuti chikamu chinoshanda sei uye kuita iyo imwe nhamburiko kuti igadzirise makwara ako anotanga kurira zvakanaka pasina nguva.
Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weNeaera uye mushambadzi wemukati, baba, uye ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva ine gitare pamoyo pechido changu, uye pamwe nechikwata changu, ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama zvinyorwa zveblog kubva 2020. kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nekurekodha nemagitare.
