Pamusoro Microphone ndeaya anoshandiswa mukurekodha mutsindo uye mhenyu kubereka kurira kuti utore ambient ruzha, pfupi uye musanganiswa wakazara wezviridzwa. Zvinoshandiswa mukurekodha ngoma kuti zvibudirire a stereo mufananidzo yeiyo yakazara chigubhu kit, pamwe nekurekodha orchestral kugadzira yakadzikama stereo kurekodha yeakazara orchestra kana kwaya.
Saka, ngatitarisei kuti maikorofoni yepamusoro chii uye kuti inoshandiswa sei. Uyezve, mamwe matipi ekusarudza iyo yakakunakira iwe.
Kunzwisisa Kumusoro Maikorofoni: A Comprehensive Guide
Maikorofoni yepamusoro imhando yemakrofoni inoiswa pamusoro pezviridzwa kana vatambi kuti vatore ruzha kubva kure. Iyo yakakosha giya rekurekodha uye yekurarama inosimbisa ruzha, kunyanya yezvigubhu kits, kwaya, uye orchestras.
Ndeupi Rudzi rweKumusoro Maikorofoni Yaunofanirwa Kusarudza?
Paunenge uchitora maikorofoni yepamusoro, zvakakosha kufunga zvinotevera zvinhu:
- Budget: Mamaikorofoni epamusoro anotangira pakutengesa kusvika pamhando yepamusoro-soro anodhura zviuru zvemadhora.
- Type: Kune marudzi akasiyana emakrofoni epamusoro, anosanganisira condenser uye ane simba maikorofoni.
- Kamuri: Funga nezvehukuru uye acoustics yekamuri yauchange uchirekodha kana kutora mafirimu.
- Chiridzwa: Mamwe maikorofoni epamusoro akakodzera zviri nani kune chaiwo zviridzwa.
- Kuita Firimu kana Kurarama Ruzha: Maikorofoni ekunze emakamera, drones, uye DSLR makamera akasiyana neaya anoshandiswa kusimbisa mhenyu.
Mienzaniso Yeakanakisa Pamusoro Maikorofoni
Mamwe emhando yepamusoro maikorofoni anowanikwa pamusika anosanganisira:
- Audio-Technica AT4053B
- Shure KSM137/SL
- AKG Pro Audio C414 XLII
- Sennheiser e614
- Neumann KM 184
Pamusoro Maikorofoni Positioning
Pamusoro maikorofoni chikamu chakakosha chechero dhiramu kit yekurekodha setup. Kumisikidzwa kweaya maikorofoni kwakakosha mukutora chiyero chakakodzera chenzwi kubva kune akasiyana zvikamu zvedhiramu kit. Muchikamu chino, tichakurukura nzira dzakasiyana uye matekiniki anoshandiswa pakumisikidza maikorofoni pamusoro.
Distance and Placement
Kureba uye kuiswa kwemakrofoni epamusoro kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya ruzha rwedhiramu kit. Hedzino dzimwe nzira dzakajairika dzinoshandiswa nemainjiniya:
- Spaced Pair: Maikorofoni maviri akaiswa akaenzana kubva pachigubhu chemusungo, akatarisa pasi akananga kukiti.
- Coincident Pair: Maikorofoni maviri akaiswa padhuze, akakomberedzwa pa90 madhigirii, uye akatarisa pasi akananga kukiti.
- Recorderman Technique: Maikorofoni maviri akaiswa pamusoro pekiti, ine mic yakatarisana pamusoro pechigubhu chemusungo uye imwe mic yakaiswa kumashure, pamusoro pemusoro wedhiramu.
- Glyn Johns Method: Maikorofoni mana akaiswa akatenderedza chigubhu kiti, aine misoro miviri yakaiswa pamusoro pemakwakwakwairi uye maviri ekuwedzera maikorofoni akaiswa padyo nepasi, akanangana neriva uye bass dhiramu.
Zvaunoda Pachedu uye Matekiniki
Kuiswa kwemakrofoni epamusoro kazhinji kunobva pane zvaunofarira uye neruzha rwakananga rwuri kuyedza kuwana. Heano mamwe maitiro ekuwedzera anogona kushandiswa mainjiniya:
- Kudhonza kana kusundira maikorofoni padhuze kana kure kure nekiti kuti ugadzirise chiyero chekurira.
- Kuvavarira maikorofoni kune zvakati zvinhu zvekiti, senge musungo kana tom zvigubhu.
- Kushandisa maikorofoni anotungamira kutora mufananidzo wakafara kana kupfuura wakatarisana nestereo.
- Kumisa maikorofoni mumasumbu, akadai seDecca Tree kuronga kana orchestral setups, kunyanya yezvibodzwa zvemufirimu.
Pamusoro Pekushandisa Mic
Imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa kushandiswa kwemakrofoni epamusoro kurekodha madhiramu. Yakaiswa pamusoro pedhiramu kit, ma mics epamusoro anotora ruzha rwese rwekiti, ichipa yakakura uye chaiyo yekupinzwa kweruzha. Izvi zvakakosha pakuita shuwa kuti chiridzwa chimwe nechimwe chakanyatsoenderana musanganiswa. Condenser maikorofoni ndiyo ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo yerudzi urwu rwekurekodha, sezvo ivo vachipa yakakura frequency renji uye yakanakisa ruzha rwemhando. Mamwe mabhureki ane mukurumbira ekufunga kana uchitenga mamics epamusoro ekurekodha chigubhu anosanganisira Rode, Shure, uye Audio-Technica.
Kurekodha Acoustic Zviridzwa
Mamaikorofoni epamusoro anowanzo shandiswa kurekodha zviridzwa zveacoustic senge magitare, pianos, uye tambo. Yakaiswa pamusoro pechiridzwa, aya ma mics anobvumira kutorwa kwechisikigo uye kuwedzeredzwa kwekurira, kuvandudza kunaka kwese kwekurekodha. Condenser maikorofoni ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo yerudzi urwu rwekurekodha zvakare, sezvo ivo vachipa yakafara frequency renji uye kwakaringana kutorwa kwekurira. Mamwe mabhureki ane mukurumbira ekufunga kana uchitenga ma mics epamusoro ekurekodha chiridzwa anosanganisira Rode, Shure, uye Audio-Technica.
Rarama Inzwi Reinforcement
Mamaikorofoni epamusoro anogona zvakare kuita basa rakakosha mukusimbisa ruzha. Vakaiswa pamusoro pechikuva, vanogona kutora ruzha rwese rwebhendi kana ensemble, ichipa yakafara uye yakarurama pickup yeruzha. Dynamic maikorofoni ndiyo ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo yerudzi urwu rwekushandisa, sezvo akagadzirirwa kubata yakakwirira ruzha mazinga uye haanyanye kuterera kune ruzha rusingadiwe. Mamwe mabhureki ane mukurumbira ekufunga kana uchitenga mamics epamusoro ekusimbisa ruzha anosanganisira Shure, Audio-Technica, uye Sennheiser.
Video Production
Pamusoro maikorofoni inogona zvakare kushandiswa mukugadzira vhidhiyo kutora yepamusoro-mhando odhiyo yenhaurirano uye mamwe manzwi. Akaiswa pabhoom pole kana chigadziko, anogona kuiswa pamusoro pevatambi kana zvidzidzo kuti ape yakajeka uye yakaringana kutorwa kweruzha. Condenser maikorofoni ndiyo yakasarudzika sarudzo yerudzi urwu rwekushandisa, sezvo ivo vachipa yakakura frequency renji uye yakanakisa ruzha mhando. Mamwe mabhureki ane mukurumbira ekufunga kana uchitenga mamics epamusoro ekugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo anosanganisira Rode, Audio-Technica, uye Sennheiser.
Kusarudza iyo Right Overhead Mic
Pakusarudza maikorofoni yepamusoro, pane zvinhu zvakati wandei zvekufunga nezvazvo, zvinosanganisira mhando yemakrofoni, saizi uye bhajeti remaikorofoni, uye zvinodiwa chaizvo zvekushandisa. Zvimwe zvakakosha zvekutsvaga kana uchitenga ma mics epamusoro zvinosanganisira:
- Wide frequency range
- Kutora inzwi chaiko
- Low noise
- Zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuisa sarudzo
- Affordable price point
Mamwe mabhureki ane mukurumbira ekufunga kana uchitenga mamics epamusoro anosanganisira Rode, Shure, Audio-Technica, uye Sennheiser. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uite tsvagiridzo yako uye uverenge wongororo kubva kune vamwe vanhu kuitira kuti uwane yakanakisa yepamusoro mic kune zvaunoda chaizvo.
Mhando dzeKumusoro Maikorofoni
Condenser maikorofoni anozivikanwa nekunzwa kwavo uye nekurongeka, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo huru yekutora iyo ruzivo uye hupfumi hweacoustic zviridzwa. Ivo vanouya mune akasiyana madhizaini uye anoratidza akasiyana pikicha mapatani, anosanganisira cardioid, omnidirectional, uye nhamba-sere. Mamwe eakanakisa condenser mics ekurekodha pamusoro anosanganisira:
- Rode NT5: Iyi inodhura seti yeinofananidzwa condenser mics inopa yakafara frequency mhinduro uye inochinjika yakakwirira-pass sefa kudzikisa isingadiwe yakaderera-frequency ruzha. Iwo akakwana kune dhiramu pamusoro, gitare amps, uye solo kuita.
- Shure SM81: Iyi ine mukurumbira condenser mic inozivikanwa nekusarudzika kwayo uye kujeka, ichiita iyo yekuenda-kune sarudzo yekurekodha studio uye kuita kwepamoyo. Iyo inoratidzira cardioid pickup pateni uye inochinjika yakaderera-frequency roll-off kuti uvandudze huwandu hweruzha rwemhando.
- Audio-Technica AT4053B: Iyi inochinjika condenser mic ine matatu anochinjika capsules (cardioid, omnidirectional, uye hypercardioid) kubvumira akasiyana pikicha mapatani uye pedo nemhedzisiro. Yakanakira kutora mazwi, zvigubhu, uye zviridzwa zvine hunyoro uye nyore.
Dynamic Maikorofoni
Dynamic maikorofoni anozivikanwa nekusimba uye kugona kwayo, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira yemitambo yepamoyo uye dhiramu pamusoro. Ivo havanyanyi kunzwa pane condenser mics, asi vanogona kubata yakakwira kurira kwemazinga pasina kukanganisa. Mamwe emhando yepamusoro mics yekurekodha pamusoro anosanganisira:
- Shure SM57: Iyi iconic mic mic inozivikanwa nekuenderana kwayo uye kusimba, ichiita kuti ive chinhu chikuru mune chero muimbi wetiturusi. Yakanakira kutora ruzha rwegitare amps, madhiramu, uye zvimwe zviridzwa zvine kuenderana uye kwakavimbika kuita.
- Sennheiser e604: Iyi compact dynamic mic yakanyatsogadzirirwa dhiramu pamusoro, ine clip-padhizaini inobvumira kumisikidzwa nyore uye cardioid pickup pateni inoparadzanisa kurira kwengoma kubva kune zvimwe zviridzwa. Inopa kukosha kukuru kwemari uye inogona kushandiswa pakuita mhenyu uye rekodhi rekodhi.
- AKG Pro Audio C636: Iyi yepamusoro-yekupedzisira ine simba mic inoratidzira yakasarudzika dhizaini inobvumira yakasarudzika yekuramba mhinduro uye yakawanda frequency mhinduro. Yakanakira kutora nuances yevocals uye acoustic zviridzwa zvine hupfumi uye hwakadzama ruzha.
Kusarudza Yakanakisa Drum Pamusoro Maikorofoni
Kana zvasvika pakusarudza yakanakisa chigubhu pamusoro maikorofoni, iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezve bhajeti yako uye zvaunoda. Kune akawanda akasiyana marudzi epamusoro mics anowanikwa pamusika, imwe neimwe iine yayo yakasarudzika maficha uye mabhenefiti. Mamwe anodhura kupfuura mamwe, saka zvakakosha kuti uone kuti imarii yaunoda kushandisa usati watenga.
Nzwisisa Mhando Akasiyana Epamusoro Maikorofoni
Kune marudzi maviri makuru emakrofoni epamusoro: condenser uye ine simba. Condenser maikorofoni inonyanya kunzwisiswa uye inopa ruzha rwechisikigo, nepo maikorofoni ane simba asinganyanyi kunzwa uye ari nani pakubata yakakwirira inzwi rekumanikidza. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati pemhando mbiri idzi dzemakrofoni usati waita sarudzo.
Funga nezveChiratidzo uye Ongororo
Pakusarudza chigubhu chepamusoro maikorofoni, zvakakosha kufunga nezvemhando uye kuverenga wongororo kubva kune vamwe vashandisi. Mamwe mabhureki anoonekwa zvakanyanya seakanakisa muindastiri, nepo mamwe anogona kupa mutengo uri nani pamutengo. Kuverenga wongororo kunogona kukupa zano rakanaka rekuti imwe maikorofoni inoita sei mumamiriro akasiyana.
Tsvaga Kuita Zvinoshamisa uye Kuvaka
Paunenge uchisarudza chigubhu chepamusoro maikorofoni, iwe unoda kutsvaga iyo inopa inonakidza kuita uye kuvaka. Maikorofoni yakanaka inofanira kukwanisa kutora nuances yese yezviridzwa zviri kuridzwa, uye inofanira kuva nezwi rakatsetseka uye rechisikigo. Kuvakwa kwemaikorofoni kunofanirwa kuve kwakasimba uye kuvakwa kuti igare.
Sarudza Rudzi Rwakakodzera rweMikorofoni yeRudzi Rwako uye Chimiro
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi dzinoda mhando dzakasiyana dzemakrofoni. Semuenzaniso, kana uri kuridza mimhanzi yerock, ungangoda maikorofoni ine hukasha uye inokwanisa kubata mazinga eruzha rwepamusoro. Kana uri kuridza jazz kana mimhanzi yechinyakare, ungangoda maikorofoni isina kwayakarerekera uye inokwanisa kutora zvinyowani zvezviridzwa zviri kuridzwa.
Funga nezvePhantom Power uye XLR Connections
Mazhinji maikorofoni epamusoro anoda simba rephantom kuti ashande, zvinoreva kuti anoda kubatirwa musanganiswa kana audio interface inogona kupa simba iri. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti musanganiswa wako kana odhiyo interface ine phantom simba usati watenga maikorofoni. Pamusoro pezvo, mazhinji maikorofoni epamusoro anoshandisa XLR yekubatanidza, saka ita shuwa kuti musanganisi wako kana audio interface ine XLR yekupinda.
Usatya Kuedza Yakasiyana Maikorofoni
Chekupedzisira, usatya kuedza maikorofoni akasiyana kuti uwane iyo inokuitira zvakanaka. Yese inoridza ngoma uye yega yega dhiramu kit zvakasiyana, saka izvo zvinoshanda kune mumwe munhu zvinogona kusashanda kune mumwe. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uwane maikorofoni inosangana nezvido zvako uye inonzwika zvakanaka nezviridzwa zvako.
mhedziso
Saka, hezvo iwe unayo - zvese zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro pemakrofoni epamusoro.
Unogona kuzvishandisa kurekodha ngoma, kwaya, orchestra, uye kunyange magitare nemapiyano. Iwo anoshandiswawo mukugadzira mafirimu uye kugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo kutora yepamusoro-mhando odhiyo yenhaurirano. Saka, usatya kukwira kumusoro!
Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weNeaera uye mushambadzi wemukati, baba, uye ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva ine gitare pamoyo pechido changu, uye pamwe nechikwata changu, ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama zvinyorwa zveblog kubva 2020. kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nekurekodha nemagitare.
