Kūkākūkā e hoʻopane ʻana a me nā microphones lavalier i hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā wahi ola no nā haʻiʻōlelo, hōʻikeʻike, a me nā ʻahamele. Eia naʻe, loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻohi ʻana i ke kani. ʻOi aku ka nui a me ka maʻalahi o nā mics condenser, e hopu ana i kahi ākea ākea o nā alapine a me nā kani haʻahaʻa. I kēia manawa, mics lavalier ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ke kuhikuhi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi ʻana i nā kani alapine kiʻekiʻe. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi au i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau ʻano microphones ʻelua a alakaʻi iā ʻoe i ke koho ʻana i ka mea maikaʻi loa no kāu mau koi.
Hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o Lavalier a me Condenser Microphones
Aia kekahi mau kumu i makemake ʻia ai nā microphones condenser no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma luna o nā microphones dynamic. Eia kekahi o na pomaikai nui.
- Condenser mics (eia pehea lākou e hoʻohālikelike ai me nā mea hoʻoikaika) ʻoi aku ka nui o ke alapine, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke ʻohi i nā leo nui aʻe.
- ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi ma mua o nā microphones ikaika, ʻo ia ka mea hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi i nā leo mālie a me nā nuances i ka leo.
- ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mics condenser, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke hopu pololei i nā loli koke i ke kani.
- ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻohi ʻana i nā leo kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā leo a me nā leo kiʻekiʻe.
He aha nā ʻano like ʻole o nā microphones condenser?
ʻElua ʻano nui o nā microphones condenser: ka diaphragm nui a me ka diaphragm liʻiliʻi. Penei ko lākou ʻokoʻa:
- ʻO nā microphones condenser diaphragm nui ka nui o ka ʻili, ʻo ia ka mea hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi i nā kani hou aʻe a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopu ʻana i nā kani haʻahaʻa. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā leo a me nā mea kani ʻē aʻe.
- ʻO nā microphones condenser diaphragm liʻiliʻi he wahi ʻili liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi ʻana i nā leo kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea kani e like me nā kimebala, nā kīkā acoustic, a me nā violins.
He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi microphone Lavalier?
Loaʻa i nā microphones Lavalier kekahi mau mea maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻano microphones ʻē aʻe:
- He liʻiliʻi lākou a ʻike ʻole ʻia, he mea maikaʻi ia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kūlana āu e makemake ʻole ai e ʻike ʻia ka microphone.
- Hoʻolālā ʻia lākou e ʻaʻahu kokoke i ke kino, ʻo ia ka mea hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi i nā leo kani kūlohelohe me ka ʻole o ka ʻohi ʻana i ka leo o hope.
- ʻO ka maʻamau omnidirectional, ʻo ia ka mea hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi i ke kani mai nā ʻaoʻao āpau. Hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā poʻe he nui a i ʻole makemake ʻoe e hopu i ke kani ambient.
He aha ke ʻano o ka microphone āu e koho ai?
ʻO ka hope loa, ʻo ke ʻano o ka microphone āu e koho ai e hilinaʻi ia i kāu mau pono kikoʻī a me ke ʻano o ka hana āu e hana nei. Eia kekahi mau mea e noʻonoʻo ai i kāu koho ʻana:
- Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi microphone liʻiliʻi a ʻike ʻole ʻia, ʻo kahi microphone lavalier paha ke koho maikaʻi loa.
- Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi microphone i paʻakikī loa a hiki ke ʻohi i nā ʻano leo ākea, ʻo ka microphone condenser ke ala e hele ai.
- Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi microphone maʻalahi e hoʻohana a ʻaʻole koi i ka nui o nā lako hou, ʻo ka microphone dynamic paha ke koho maikaʻi loa.
- Inā hoʻopaʻa ʻoe i nā leo a i ʻole nā mea kani ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka microphone condenser diaphragm nui paha ke koho maikaʻi loa.
- Inā hoʻopaʻa ʻoe i nā mea kani kiʻekiʻe e like me nā kimebala a i ʻole violins, ʻo kahi microphone condenser diaphragm liʻiliʻi paha ke ala e hele ai.
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka mea nui ke koho i kahi microphone e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokō i ka maikaʻi leo maikaʻi loa no kāu mau pono kikoʻī.
ʻO ke kaua o nā Mics: Condenser vs Lavalier
I ke koho ʻana i ka microphone kūpono no kāu pono hana leo, nui nā kumu e noʻonoʻo ai. Eia kekahi mau kuhikuhi e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ka ʻike.
Nā ʻano Microphone Popular
- Nā Microphones Condenser: ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kēia mau mics a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka dynamic mics. He kūpono lākou no ka hana studio a me ka hopu ʻana i nā ʻano leo ākea. ʻO kekahi mau inoa kaulana ʻo AKG a me Shure.
- Nā Microphones Lavalier: Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau mics liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana kokoke i ke kino a kaulana no nā haʻiʻōlelo ola a me nā hōʻike. ʻIke ʻia lākou he lapel mics a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka TV a me ka hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni. ʻO kekahi mau inoa kaulana ʻo Shure a me Sennheiser.
ʻO nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o Condenser a me Lavalier Microphones
- ʻO ke ʻano koho: ʻO nā mics condenser ka mea maʻamau i kahi hiʻohiʻona koho ākea, aʻo nā mics lavalier he ʻano kiʻi kiʻi kokoke.
- Mana Phantom: Pono nā mics condenser i ka mana phantom, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono nā mics lavalier.
- Kaulana: Ua ʻike ʻia nā mics condenser no kā lākou leo kiʻekiʻe a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā hoʻonohonoho studio ʻoihana. ʻIke ʻia nā mics Lavalier no kā lākou versatility a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā hoʻonohonoho ola.
- ʻIke: ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā mics condenser ma mua o nā mics lavalier, ʻo ia ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ʻohi i nā leo maʻalahi.
- Ke ʻano o nā kani: He kūpono nā mics condenser no ka hopu ʻana i nā ʻano leo ākea, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mics lavalier no ka hopu ʻana i nā leo leo.
- Angle: Hoʻolālā pinepine ʻia nā mics condenser e hana ma kahi kihi paʻa, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā mics lavalier e kūpono i nā pono o ka mea hoʻohana.
- Polar Pattern: Loaʻa pinepine nā mics condenser i ke ʻano polar cardioid, aʻo nā mics lavalier maʻamau he ʻano polar omnidirectional.
Ke koho ʻana i ka microphone kūpono no kāu mau pono
- Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi microphone no ka hana studio, ʻo ka mic condenser ka mea maʻamau ke koho maikaʻi loa. Paʻa lākou a hiki ke hopu i nā ʻano leo ākea.
- Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi microphone no nā hoʻonohonoho ola, ʻo ka mic lavalier ka mea maʻamau ke koho maikaʻi loa. He liʻiliʻi lākou a hiki ke hoʻohana kokoke i ke kino no ka hoʻohana lima ʻole.
- Inā ʻoe e paʻi wikiō a makemake ʻoe i kahi microphone e hiki ke hopu i ke kani mai kahi mamao aku, ʻo ka mic shotgun ke koho maikaʻi loa. Hoʻolālā ʻia lākou e kiʻi i ke kani mai kahi kuhikuhi kikoʻī a kūpono no ka hopu ʻana i ke kamaʻilio ma ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka hana TV.
- Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi microphone paʻa no ka hana leo, ʻo ka mic dynamic ka mea maʻamau ke koho maikaʻi loa. Paʻa lākou a hiki ke mālama i nā pae kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻole o ka distortion.
- Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi microphone uea ʻole, loaʻa nā mic condenser a me lavalier i nā mana uea. E ʻimi i nā hōʻailona e like me Shure a me Sennheiser no nā mics uea kiʻekiʻe.
Nā mea hou aku e noʻonoʻo ai
- Hana maikaʻi: E ʻimi i nā microphones i kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia a paʻa hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā hoʻolālā ʻoe e hoʻohana iā lākou ma kahi ʻoihana.
- Nā Microphones Nui: Inā pono ʻoe e hopu i ke kani mai nā kumu he nui, e noʻonoʻo e hoʻohana i nā microphones he nui ma mua o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i hoʻokahi mic e hana i ka hana.
- Varimotion: E ʻimi i nā microphones me ka ʻenehana varimotion, kahi e hiki ai i ka mic ke lawelawe i nā ʻano leo ākea me ka ʻole o ka distortion.
- Nā ʻīniha a me nā Degere: E noʻonoʻo i ka nui a me ke kihi o ka microphone ke koho ʻana i kahi kū mic a i ʻole ka lima boom e paʻa ai.
- Kaulana: E ʻimi i nā microphones mai nā hōʻailona kaulana me kahi inoa maikaʻi no ka maikaʻi a me ka hilinaʻi.
ʻO ka microphone lavalier, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he lapel mic, he microphone liʻiliʻi hiki ke ʻoki ʻia ma luna o nā lole a hūnā ʻia paha i loko o ka lauoho o ke kanaka. He ʻano ia o ka microphone condenser i hoʻohana mau ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā leo i nā kūlana i hiki ʻole ai i kahi microphone ʻoi aku ke kūpono ʻole.
- Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā microphones Lavalier ma ke kīwī, kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me nā hana keaka, a me nā hanana haʻiʻōlelo lehulehu a me nā nīnauele.
- He koho kaulana nō hoʻi lākou no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā podcasts a me nā wikiō YouTube, ʻoiai lākou e ʻae i ka mea haʻiʻōlelo e neʻe a puni me ka hopu ʻana i nā leo kiʻekiʻe.
Microphone Condenser: ʻO ka Mic Sensitive e hopu i nā kani kūlohelohe
Pono nā microphones condenser i kahi kumu mana, ma ke ʻano o ka mana phantom, e hana. Hoʻopiʻi kēia kumu mana i ka capacitor, hiki iā ia ke kiʻi i nā kani liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kahi microphone condenser hiki iā ia ke maʻalahi loa a loaʻa i kahi ākea ākea, e lilo ia i koho maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kani kūlohelohe.
Pehea ʻoe e koho ai i ka microphone condenser pono?
Ke ʻimi nei i kahi microphone condenser, pono e noʻonoʻo i nā pono kikoʻī o kāu papahana hoʻopaʻa leo. ʻO nā mea e noʻonoʻo ai, ʻo ia ka nui a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka microphone, ke ʻano o ke ʻano koho koho e hoʻohana ai, a me ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana i hoʻokomo ʻia. ʻO ka hope loa, ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa e koho ai i kahi microphone condenser ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona like ʻole a ʻike i kahi e hoʻopuka ai i ka maikaʻi leo āu e ʻimi nei.
Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻōkuhi Pickup: Pehea e koho ai i ka microphone maikaʻi loa no kāu mau pono
I ka hiki ʻana mai i nā microphones, ʻo ke kumu koho e pili ana i ka wahi a puni ka microphone kahi i maʻalahi loa i ke kani. He mea nui kēia no ka mea pili ia i ka maikaʻi o ka leo āu e hoʻopaʻa nei. ʻEkolu ʻano nui o nā ʻano koho: cardioid, omnidirectional, a me lobar.
ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi Cardioid
ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike cardioid ʻo ia ke ʻano maʻamau o ke kumu koho i loaʻa i nā microphones maʻamau. Hana ia ma ka ʻohi ʻana i ke kani mai ke alo o ka microphone me ka hōʻole ʻana i nā kani mai nā ʻaoʻao a me hope. He mea kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka walaʻau i makemake ʻole ʻia a me ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i kāu hoʻopaʻa ʻana. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi mic hiki ke mālama i nā leo he nui i kahi hoʻonohonoho studio, he koho maikaʻi ka cardioid mic.
ʻOmnidirectional Pickup Pattern
Hiki ke kiʻi like i ka leo omnidirectional mai nā ʻaoʻao a pau. He mea kōkua kēia inā makemake ʻoe e hopu i nā ʻano leo ākea a i ʻole inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻohui i kahi leo kani hope i kāu hoʻopaʻa ʻana. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia nā mics omnidirectional i nā microphones lavalier, i hoʻopili ʻia i ke kino a i ʻole nā lole o ka mea e ʻōlelo ana. He kōkua nō hoʻi lākou i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi ka puni ʻana (eia nā mics maikaʻi loa no kēlā ma ke ala), no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ʻohi i nā kani mai kahi ākea.
ʻO wai ke ʻano koho koho maikaʻi loa iā ʻoe?
ʻO ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano koho koho kūpono e pili ana i kāu mau pono kikoʻī. Inā hoʻopaʻa ʻoe i kahi hoʻonohonoho studio a makemake ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi kani kikoʻī, kūpono ka lobar mic. Inā hoʻopaʻa ʻoe i kahi ʻano walaʻau a makemake ʻoe e hopu i nā ʻano leo ākea, ʻo ka mic omnidirectional ke ala e hele ai. Inā makemake ʻoe e hopu i hoʻokahi kumu kani i ka wā e pale ana i ka walaʻau makemake ʻole, ʻo ka cardioid mic ka koho maikaʻi loa.
Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano polar
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona polar kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā kumu koho. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "polar" pili i ke ʻano o ka wahi a puni ka microphone kahi i maʻa loa i ke kani. ʻEhā ʻano nui o nā ʻano polar: cardioid, omnidirectional, figure-8, a me ka pū pana.
Kiʻi-8 Polar Pattern
ʻO ke kumu polar kiʻi-8 e ʻohi i ke kani mai ka mua a me ka hope o ka microphone me ka hōʻole ʻana i nā kani mai nā ʻaoʻao. He kōkua kēia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ʻelua mau kānaka e kū pono ana kekahi i kekahi.
Hoʻoikaika i ka mana: Hoʻomaopopo i ka Phantom Power no nā Microphones Condenser
ʻO ka mana Phantom kahi mana uila i hoʻolako ʻia i nā microphones condenser ma o ke kaula XLR. Pono kēia mana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka uila uila i loko o ka microphone, ka mea maʻamau me kahi preamp a me kahi pae puka. Me ka ʻole o ka mana phantom, ʻaʻole e hana ka microphone.
Pehea e hana ai ka Phantom Power?
Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka mana Phantom ma o ke kaula XLR like e lawe ana i ka hōʻailona leo mai ka microphone i ka mea hoʻopaʻa leo a i ʻole console. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka mana ma ka volts o 48 volts DC, ʻoiai e koi ana kekahi mau microphones i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Aia ka mana i loko o ke kaula like me ka hōʻailona leo, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻokahi wale nō kelepona e pono ai e hoʻopili i ka microphone i ka mea hoʻopaʻa leo.
Pehea e nānā ai inā makemake kāu microphone i ka mana Phantom
Inā maopopo ʻole ʻoe inā makemake kāu microphone i ka mana phantom, e nānā i nā kikoʻī i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mea hana. Pono ka hapa nui o nā microphone condenser i ka mana phantom, akā loaʻa paha kekahi i kahi pākaukau kūloko a i ʻole kekahi ala lako mana. He mea nui nō hoʻi e nānā i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mana phantom e koi ʻia e kāu microphone, no ka mea e koi ana kekahi i ka volta haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka 48 volts maʻamau.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka Phantom Power a me ka Power Battery
ʻOiai loaʻa i kekahi mau microphones kahi pākaukau kūloko a i ʻole nā ʻano lako mana ʻē aʻe i loaʻa, ʻo ka phantom power ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā microphones condenser. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka mana o ka pākaukau no nā hoʻonohonoho hoʻopaʻa leo lawe lima, akā pono e hoʻomanaʻo e nānā i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pākaukau ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. ʻO ka mana Phantom, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he ala hilinaʻi a kūpaʻa hoʻi e hoʻoikaika i kāu microphone.
Hoʻomākaʻikaʻi i kāu mau mea hana
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kani maikaʻi loa mai kāu microphone condenser e pono ai ma mua o ka hoʻopili wale ʻana iā ia a hoʻohuli iā ia. He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano ʻenehana o ka mana phantom a pehea e pili ai i kāu microphone no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hana maikaʻi loa. Me ka nui o ka ʻike i loaʻa, maʻalahi ke aʻo hou e pili ana i kēia kumuhana koʻikoʻi a lilo i loea i ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i kāu mau mea hana.
Panina
ʻO nā microphones condenser a me nā microphones lavalier he mea maikaʻi loa ia no nā kūlana like ʻole, akā i ka wā e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka leo, pono ʻoe e koho i ka microphone kūpono no ka hana.
No laila, ke ʻimi nei ʻoe i kahi microphone, e hoʻomanaʻo e noʻonoʻo i ke ʻano o ke kani āu e ʻimi nei, a me kāu mau pono kikoʻī.
ʻO wau ʻo Joost Nusselder, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu iā Neaera a me kahi mea kūʻai aku ʻike, makuakāne, a makemake hoʻi e hoʻāʻo i nā mea hana hou me ka guitar ma ka puʻuwai o koʻu makemake, a me kaʻu hui, ua hana wau i nā ʻatikala blog hohonu mai 2020 e kōkua i ka poʻe heluhelu kūpaʻa me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hoʻopaʻa leo a me nā kīkā.
