Marshall yana daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri amp brands a duniya, da aka sani da babban riba amps amfani da wasu daga cikin manyan sunayen a cikin dutse da karfe. Har ila yau, mawakan guitar suna neman abin ƙara su a kowane nau'i. To INA aka fara duka?
Marshall Amplification wani kamfani ne na Biritaniya tare da amplifiers daga cikin waɗanda aka fi sani da su a duniya, wanda aka sani da “ƙuƙumma,” wanda aka haifa ta Jim Marshall bayan masu kida irin su Pete Townshend sun koka da cewa akwai na'urorin da ake samu na guitar ba su da girma. Suna kuma kera lasifikar dakunan ajiya, kuma, sun sami Natal Drums, ganguna, da bongos.
Bari mu ga abin da wannan alamar ta yi don samun nasara sosai.
Labarin Jim Marshall da Amplifiers
Inda Ya Fara
Jim Marshall ya kasance ƙwararren malamin ganga kuma malamin ganga, amma yana son yin ƙari. Don haka, a cikin 1962, ya buɗe wani ƙaramin shago a Hanwell, London, yana siyar da ganguna, kuge, da kayan haɗi masu alaƙa da ganga. Ya kuma ba da darussan ganga.
A lokacin, fitattun na'urori na gita sune na'urorin Fender masu tsada da aka shigo da su daga Amurka. Jim yana so ya ƙirƙiri madadin mai rahusa, amma ba shi da ƙwarewar injiniyan lantarki don yin shi da kansa. Don haka, ya nemi taimakon mai gyaran shagonsa, Ken Bran, da Dudley Craven, mai koyan EMI.
Su ukun sun yanke shawarar amfani da Fender Bassman amplifier a matsayin abin ƙira. Bayan samfurori da yawa, a ƙarshe sun ƙirƙiri "Marshall Sound" a cikin samfurin su na shida.
An Haifi Marshal Amplifier
Daga nan sai Jim Marshall ya fadada kasuwancinsa, ya dauki hayar masu zanen kaya, ya fara kera na'urorin kara kuzari. Na farko 23 Marshall amplifiers sun kasance masu bugawa tare da guitarists da 'yan wasan bass, kuma wasu daga cikin abokan ciniki na farko sun hada da Ritchie Blackmore, Big Jim Sullivan, da Pete Townshend.
Masu amplifiers na Marshall sun kasance masu rahusa fiye da na Fender amplifiers, kuma suna da sauti daban-daban. Sun yi amfani da bawuloli masu girma na ECC83 a ko'ina cikin preamplifier, kuma suna da tace capacitor/resistor bayan sarrafa ƙarar. Wannan ya ba amp ɗin ƙarin riba kuma ya haɓaka mitocin treble.
Sautin Marshall yana nan don zama
Amplifiers na Jim Marshall sun ƙara zama sananne, kuma mawaƙa kamar Jimi Hendrix, Eric Clapton, da Free sun yi amfani da su duka a cikin ɗakin studio da kan mataki.
A cikin 1965, Marshall ya shiga yarjejeniyar rarraba shekaru 15 tare da kamfanin Birtaniya Rose-Morris. Wannan ya ba shi jari don faɗaɗa ayyukan masana'anta, amma ba wani abu mai girma ba ne a ƙarshe.
Duk da haka, amplifiers Marshall sun zama wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ake nema da kuma shahara a masana'antar. Wasu manyan sunaye a cikin kiɗa sun yi amfani da su, kuma "Marshall Sound" yana nan don zama.
Tafiya mai ban mamaki na Jim Marshall: Daga Tubercular Bones zuwa Rock 'n' Roll Legend
Rags zuwa Tatsuniya
An haifi James Charles Marshall a ranar Lahadi a 1923 a Kensington, Ingila. Abin baƙin ciki shine, an haife shi da wata cuta mai raɗaɗi mai suna tubercular kasusuwa, wanda ya sa ƙasusuwansa sun lalace ta yadda koda faɗuwar sauƙaƙa za ta iya karya su. Sakamakon haka, Jim ya kasance an lullube shi da filasta tun daga idon sawunsa zuwa hammata tun yana ɗan shekara biyar har ya kai sha biyu da rabi.
Daga Matsa Rawar zuwa Yin ganga
Mahaifin Jim, wanda tsohon zakaran dambe ne, ya so ya taimaka wa Jim ya ƙarfafa ƙafafunsa marasa ƙarfi. Don haka, ya shigar da shi azuzuwan rawa na famfo. Ba su sani ba, Jim yana da kyakkyawar ma'anar kari da muryar waƙa ta musamman. Sakamakon haka, an ba shi damar yin waƙa a cikin ƙungiyar rawa guda 16 yana ɗan shekara 14.
Har ila yau, Jim ya ji daɗin yin wasa a kan kit ɗin ganga na ƙungiyar. Ya kasance mai karantar da kansa, amma gwanintarsa mai ban sha'awa ya sa ya yi rawar gani a matsayin mai waƙa. Har zuwa wasansa, Jim ya ɗauki darussan ganga kuma ba da daɗewa ba ya zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun masu ganga na Ingila.
Koyar da Jini na Gaba na Rockers
Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Jim suna da ban sha'awa sosai har yara ƙanana suka fara tambayarsa darussa. Bayan ƴan buƙatun nace, Jim a ƙarshe ya ba da gudummawa kuma ya fara koyar da darussan ganga a gidansa. Kafin ya sani, yana da ɗalibai 65 a mako, ciki har da Micky Waller (wanda ya ci gaba da wasa tare da Little Richard da Jeff Beck) da Mitch Mitchell (wanda ya shahara da Jimi Hendrix).
Jim ma ya fara sayar da kayan ganga ga almajiransa, don haka ya yanke shawarar bude kantin sayar da nasa.
Godiya ta Jimi Hendrix ga Jim Marshall
Jimi Hendrix ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan magoya bayan Jim Marshall. Ya taba cewa:
- Wani abu game da Mitch [Mitchell] shi ne wanda ya gabatar da ni ga Jim Marshall, wanda ba wai kawai kwararre ne a kan ganguna ba amma mutumin da ke yin mafi kyawun guitar amps a ko'ina.
- Haɗuwa da Jim ya wuce gona da iri a gare ni. Ya kasance irin wannan kwanciyar hankali don yin magana da wanda ya sani kuma ya damu da sauti. Jim ya saurare ni a ranar kuma ya amsa tambayoyi da yawa.
- Ina son amps na Marshall: Ba ni da komai ba tare da su ba.
Tarihin Samfuran Amplifier Farko
The Bluesbreaker
Marshall ya kasance game da tanadin kuɗi, don haka suka fara samo sassa daga Burtaniya. Wannan ya haifar da yin amfani da na'urorin wuta na Dagnall da Drake da aka yi da kuma canza zuwa bawul na KT66 maimakon bututun 6L6. Ba su sani ba, wannan zai ba wa amplifiers su karin murya mai tsauri, wanda da sauri ya dauki hankalin 'yan wasa kamar Eric Clapton. Clapton ya nemi Marshall ya yi masa na'urar amplifier tare da tremolo wanda zai iya dacewa da taya motarsa, kuma an haifi "Bluesbreaker" amp. Wannan amp, tare da 1960 Gibson Les Paul Standard ("Beano"), ya ba Clapton sanannen sautin sa akan kundin John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers' 1966, Bluesbreakers tare da Eric Clapton.
Plexi da Marshall Stack
Marshall ya fito da sigar 50-watt na 100-watt Superlead wanda aka sani da Model 1987. Bayan haka, a cikin 1969, sun canza ƙirar kuma sun maye gurbin plexiglass panel tare da gogewar ƙarfe na gaba. Wannan zane ya dauki hankalin Pete Townshend da John Entwistle na The Who. Suna son ƙarin ƙara, don haka Marshall ya tsara ƙaƙƙarfan amplifier 100-watt bawul. Wannan zane ya haɗa da:
- Ninki biyu adadin bawuloli masu fitarwa
- Ƙara mafi girman wutar lantarki
- Ƙara ƙarin kayan aikin wuta
An sanya wannan ƙira a saman ma'ajin 8 × 12-inch (wanda daga baya aka maye gurbinsu da biyu na katako na 4 × 12-inch). Wannan ya haifar da tarin Marshal, hoto mai kyan gani na dutsen da nadi.
Canji a farashin EL34
Bawul ɗin KT66 yana ƙara tsada, don haka Marshall ya canza zuwa bawul ɗin matakin wutar lantarki na Mullard EL34 na Turai. Waɗannan bawuloli sun ba Marshalls ƙarar murya mai ƙarfi. A cikin 1966, Jimi Hendrix yana cikin shagon Jim yana ƙoƙarin fitar da amplifiers da guitars. Jim Marshall yana tsammanin Hendrix ya yi ƙoƙari ya sami wani abu don kome ba, amma ga mamakinsa, Hendrix ya ba da damar siyan amplifiers a farashin tallace-tallace idan Jim zai ba shi goyon baya a gare su a duniya. Jim Marshall ya yarda, kuma an horar da ma'aikatan titin Hendrix akan gyara da kuma kula da amplifiers Marshall.
Marshall Amplifiers na tsakiyar 1970s da 1980s
Farashin JMPs
Marshall amps na tsakiyar 1970s da 1980s sun kasance sabon nau'in dodanni na sauti! Don samar da sauƙi, sun canza daga wayar hannu zuwa bugu-kwarya-kwalwa (PCBs). Wannan ya haifar da sauti mai haske da ƙarfi fiye da EL34-powered amps na baya.
Ga jerin sauye-sauyen da suka faru a cikin 1974:
- An ƙara 'mkII' zuwa sunan 'Super Lead' a kan bangon baya
- 'JMP' ("Jim Marshall Products") an ƙara zuwa hagu na maɓallin wuta a gaban panel
- Duk amplifiers da aka sayar a cikin Amurka da Japan an canza su zuwa mafi ƙarancin General Electric 6550 maimakon bututun fitarwa na EL34.
A cikin 1975, Marshall ya gabatar da jerin "Master Volume" ("MV") tare da 100W 2203, sannan 50W 2204 ya biyo baya a 1976. Wannan yunƙuri ne na sarrafa matakin ƙarar na'urorin haɓakawa yayin da yake kiyaye sautunan murdiya da suka wuce gona da iri waɗanda suka zama. daidai da alamar Marshall.
Saukewa: JCM800
JCM800 na Marshall shine mataki na gaba a cikin juyin halittar amps. Ya ƙunshi 2203 da 2204 (100 da 50 watts bi da bi) da 1959 da 1987 wanda ba babban jagorar Super Lead ba.
JCM800s suna da sarrafa juzu'i biyu (ribar preamplifier da babban girma) wanda ya baiwa 'yan wasa damar samun sautin 'cranked Plexi' a ƙananan juzu'i. Wannan nasara ce da 'yan wasa kamar Randy Rhoads, Zakk Wylde da Slash.
Jerin Jubilee Azurfa
1987 babbar shekara ce ga Marshall amps. Don bikin shekaru 25 a cikin kasuwancin amp da shekaru 50 a cikin kiɗa, sun fito da jerin Jubilee na Azurfa. Ya haɗa da 2555 (kan watt 100), 2550 (kan watt 50) da sauran lambobin ƙirar 255x.
Jubilee amps sun dogara sosai akan JCM800s na lokacin, amma tare da ƴan ƙarin fasali. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- Canjawar rabin iko
- Tufafin azurfa
- Farantin fuska mai launin azurfa mai haske
- Alamar tunawa
- "Tashar mai raba-raba" zane
Wadannan amps sun kasance abin bugu tare da 'yan wasan da suke son samun sautin Marshall na al'ada ba tare da yin ƙarar ƙarar ba.
Tsakanin 80s zuwa 90s Model na Marshall
Gasar daga Amurka
A cikin tsakiyar 80s, Marshall ya fara fuskantar wasu gasa mai tsanani daga kamfanonin amplifier na Amurka kamar Mesa Boogie da Soldano. Marshall ya amsa ta hanyar gabatar da sababbin samfura da fasali zuwa kewayon JCM800, irin su "canjin tashoshi" mai aiki da ƙafa wanda ya ba da damar 'yan wasa su canza tsakanin sautuna masu tsabta da gurbatattun tare da tura maɓalli.
Wadannan amplifiers sun sami ƙarin ribar preamplifier fiye da kowane lokaci godiya ga gabatarwar diode clipping, wanda ya ƙara ƙarin murdiya zuwa hanyar sigina, kama da ƙara ƙwallon murdiya. Wannan yana nufin cewa JCM800s mai raba tashoshi yana da mafi girman riba na kowane amps Marshall tukuna, kuma 'yan wasa da yawa sun kadu da tsananin murdiya da suka haifar.
Marshall Goes Solid-State
Marshall kuma ya fara gwaji tare da ƙaƙƙarfan amplifiers, waɗanda ke ƙara yin kyau saboda ci gaban fasaha. Waɗannan ƙaƙƙarfan amps na jihohi sun kasance abin bugu tare da masu katar matakin-shigarwa waɗanda suke son yin irin tambarin amp iri ɗaya kamar jaruman su. Samfurin nasara na musamman shine jerin haɗe-haɗe na Lead 12/Reverb 12, wanda ya ƙunshi sashin preamplifier mai kama da JCM800 da sashin fitarwa mai daɗi.
Billy Gibbons na ZZ Top ma yayi amfani da wannan amp akan rikodin!
Saukewa: JCM900
A cikin 90s, Marshall ya fito da jerin JCM900. Wannan silsilar ta sami karɓuwa da kyau daga ƴan wasan da ke da alaƙa da pop, rock, punk da grunge, kuma sun nuna ɓarna fiye da kowane lokaci.
Layin JCM900 yana da bambance-bambancen guda uku:
- Samfuran 4100 (100 watt) da 4500 (50 watt) "Dual Reverb", waɗanda zuriyar JCM800 2210/2205 ƙira ce kuma ta ƙunshi tashoshi biyu da murdiya diode.
- 2100/2500 Mark IIIs, waxanda suke da gaske JCM800 2203/2204s tare da ƙara yankan diode da madauki na tasiri.
- 2100/2500 SL-X, wanda ya maye gurbin diode clipping daga Mk III tare da wani 12AX7/ECC83 preamplifier bawul.
Marshall ya kuma fitar da ƴan amplifiers na "bugu na musamman" a cikin wannan kewayon, gami da samfurin "Slash Signature", wanda shine sake sakewa na Amplifier na Jubilee na Azurfa 2555.
Buɗe Sirri na Marshall Amp Serial Numbers
Menene Marshall Amp?
Marshall amps sune almara a cikin duniyar kiɗa. Sun kasance tun 1962, lokacin da suka fara cika filayen wasa da sauti na musamman. Marshal amps sun zo cikin kowane nau'i da girma dabam, daga fa'idodin Plexi na yau da kullun zuwa shugabannin Dual Super Lead (DSL) na zamani.
Ta yaya zan Gane Marshall Amp na?
Gano abin da Marshall amp kuke da shi zai iya zama ɗan asiri. Amma kada ku damu, mun riga mun rufe ku. Ga abin da kuke buƙatar sani:
- Dubi sashin baya na amp ɗin ku don lambar serial. Don samfuran da aka yi tsakanin 1979 da 1981, za ku sami lambar serial a gaban panel.
- Marshall amps sun yi amfani da tsarin ƙididdiga guda uku a cikin shekaru: daya bisa rana, wata, da shekara; wani bisa ga wata, rana, da shekara; da tsarin sitika mai lamba tara wanda ya fara a 1997.
- Harafin farko na haruffa (Ingila, China, Indiya, ko Koriya) yana gaya muku inda aka kera amp. Ana amfani da lambobi huɗu masu zuwa don gano shekarar masana'antu. Lambobi biyu masu zuwa suna wakiltar satin samarwa na amp.
- Samfuran sa hannu da ƙayyadaddun bugu na iya bambanta kaɗan daga daidaitattun lambobin jeri na Marshall. Don haka yana da mahimmanci don bincika asalin sassa kamar tubes, wiring, transformers, da ƙulli.
Menene JCM da DSL ke nufi akan Marshall Amps?
JCM na nufin James Charles Marshall, wanda ya kafa kamfanin. DSL tana nufin Dual Super Lead, wanda shine shugaban tashoshi biyu tare da Classic Gain da tashoshi masu sauyawa Ultra Gain.
Don haka kuna da shi! Yanzu kun san yadda ake gane amp na Marshall da abin da waɗannan haruffa da lambobi suke nufi. Tare da wannan ilimin, zaku iya tashi da aminci!
Marshall: Tarihin Ƙarawa
Plara ƙarfin Guitar
Marshall kamfani ne wanda ya dade yana da shekaru, kuma sun kasance suna yin ampoules tun daga wayewar zamani. Ko a kalla yana jin haka. An san su da ingancin sautin su da sautin su na musamman, wanda hakan ya sa su zama zaɓi na masu guitar da bassists iri ɗaya. Ko kuna wasa a cikin ƙaramin kulob ko babban filin wasa, Marshall amps na iya taimaka muku samun sautin da kuke nema.
Bass Amplifiers
Marshall bazai yin bass amps a yanzu, amma sun tabbata sun yi a baya. Kuma idan kun yi sa'a don samun hannunku akan ɗayan waɗannan kyawawan kayan girki, za ku kasance cikin jin daɗi. Tare da haɓakarsu da sassaucin ra'ayi, ana iya amfani da waɗannan amps a cikin nau'i-nau'i da saitunan. Har ila yau, suna kama da kyan gani da kyau kuma.
Easy don amfani
Marshall amps suna da sauƙin amfani, ko kuna wasa a cikin gida ko a waje. Ƙari ga haka, suna da ban mamaki don girmansu. Don haka idan kuna neman babban amp wanda ba zai ɗauki sarari da yawa ba, Marshall shine hanyar da za ku bi.
Kammalawa
Marshall amplifiers sun yi nisa tun farkon ƙasƙantar da su a cikin 1962. Lokacin da yazo da sauti, Marshall amps ba su da na biyu. Tare da sautin su mara kyau, sune mafi kyawun zaɓi ga kowane mawaƙi da ke neman yin ƙirƙira da sautin su.
Don haka, kada ku ji tsoron ROCK tare da Marshall kuma ku dandana sautin almara wanda kwatankwacin Jimi Hendrix, Eric Clapton, da ƙari suka yi amfani da su!
Ni Joost Nusselder, wanda ya kafa Neaera kuma ɗan kasuwan abun ciki, uba, kuma ina son gwada sabbin kayan aiki tare da guitar a zuciyar sha'awara, kuma tare da ƙungiyara, Ina ƙirƙirar labaran labarai masu zurfi tun daga 2020. don taimakawa masu karatu masu aminci tare da rikodi da tukwici na guitar.
