Uma uqala ukudlala isiginci, inqubo yokushuna insimbi yakho ingabonakala inzima kancane.
Phela bayisithupha izintambo okudingeka kuzwakale ngaphambi kokuthi uqale nokudlala inothi!
Kodwa-ke, uma usuqonda ukuthi okhiye bokushuna isiginci basebenza kanjani, inqubo iba lula kakhulu.
Isiginci, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ugesi noma i-acoustic, yakhiwe izingxenye eziningi nezingxenye.
Enye yalezi zingxenye ezibalulekile ukhiye wokulungisa noma isikhonkwane sokulungisa. Okhiye bokushuna yibo owasebenzisayo ukuze ushune izintambo zesiginci sakho. Atholakala endaweni ikhanda yesiginci, futhi iyunithi yezinhlamvu ngayinye inokhiye wayo wokuhlela.
Ungase uzibuze, yiziphi izikhonkwane zokushuna isiginci futhi zisetshenziselwa ini?
Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizobheka konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokhiye bokushuna, kusukela ekutheni basebenza kanjani nokuthi usetshenziswa kanjani kuye kulokho okufanele ubheke lapho uthenga amakhanda emishini emisha noma isiginci esisha.
Iyini ishuna yesiginci?
Okhiye bokushuna isiginci, ababuye babizwe ngokuthi izikhonkwane zokushuna, izishuna zesigingci, izinhloko zemishini, nokhiye bokushuna bangamadivayisi abamba izintambo zesiginci endaweni futhi avumele oshaya isiginci ukuthi ashune insimbi yabo.
Yize kunamagama amaningi ahlukene okushuna izikhonkwane, wonke anenhloso efanayo: ukugcina isiginci sakho sivumelana.
Okhiye bokushuna bavumela umdlali ukuthi alungise ukushuba kweyunithi yezinhlamvu zensimbi.
Iyunithi yezinhlamvu ngayinye inokhiye wayo wokushuna, ngakho-ke uma ushuna isiginci sakho, empeleni ulungisa ukushuba kweyunithi yezinhlamvu ngayinye.
Kuye ngesiginci, amakhanda omshini noma izikhonkwane zokulungisa zibukeka njengamafindo amancane, izikulufu, noma amalevu futhi atholakala ku-headstock.
I-headstock ingxenye yesiginci etholakala ekugcineni kwentamo futhi iqukethe okhiye bokushuna, amantongomane, nezintambo.
Izintambo zesiginci zigoqwa okhiye bokushuna futhi ziqiniswe noma zixegiswe ukuze kushune isiginci.
Isikhonkwane esisodwa sokuhlela sitholakala ekugcineni kwentambo ngayinye.
Kukhona isilinda, futhi ihlezi egiyeni pinion. Kunegiya lezikelemu elisetshenziselwa ukuzungezisa isilinda. Igiya lezikelemu liphendulwa isibambo.
Ngokuyisisekelo, uma ucucuza intambo kulo silinda ungakwazi ukuyiqinisa noma ukuyikhulula njengoba uphendulela ifindo/isikhonkwane futhi ushintsha iphimbo.
Konke lokhu kubiyelwe endlini, okuwupulasitiki noma i-casing yensimbi oyibona ngaphandle kwesikhonkwane sokulungisa.
Izingxenye ezihlukene zephegi yokushuna zisebenza ndawonye ukuze kugcinwe intambo iqinile, ihambisana, futhi ivikelekile.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokushuna isiginci, kodwa zonke zisebenza ngendlela efanayo.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukene zokhiye bokushuna inombolo yezintambo abaziphethe nokuthi zihlelwa kanjani.
Isibonelo, abanye okhiye bokushuna babamba zonke izintambo eziyisithupha kuyilapho abanye bebamba ezimbili noma ezintathu kuphela.
Abanye okhiye bokushuna babekwe ngapha nangapha kanti abanye babekwe phezu komunye nomunye.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ngokhiye bokushuna isiginci ukuthi bagcina isiginci sakho sivumelana.
Ngaphandle kokhiye bokushuna, isiginci sakho singaphelelwa amandla ngokushesha futhi kungaba nzima ukusidlala.
Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi konke iziginci, kungaba ekagesi, i-acoustic, noma i-bass, inokhiye bokushuna.
Ukwazi ukusebenzisa okhiye bokushuna kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokudlala isiginci.
Umhlahlandlela wokuthenga: yini okufanele ukwazi mayelana nezikhonkwane zokulungisa?
Ukhiye wokushuna omuhle noma isikhonkwane sokushuna kufanele kube lula ukusisebenzisa, siqine, futhi sinembile.
Kufanele kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ukuze ukwazi ukushuna isiginci sakho ngokushesha nakalula.
Kufanele iqine ukuze ikwazi ukumelana nokuguga kokushuna isiginci sakho. Futhi kufanele sinembile ukuze isiginci sakho sihlale sihambisana.
Uma kukhulunywa ngezikhonkwane zokushuna isiginci, izikhonkwane zokukhiya ngomshini ovaliwe ngokuvamile zikhethwa abashaya isiginci abaningi.
Yingoba zivimba intambo ukuthi ingasheleli futhi zivikela amagiya ngokuwagcina evalekile.
Izishuni zakudala ezivela kumikhiqizo efana ne-Waverly nazo ziyamangalisa futhi zisebenza kahle kodwa zingabiza.
Kunezici ezimbalwa nezici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga amashuna. Ngizodlula phezu kwabo njengamanje.
Ngoba phela, kungaphezu nje kokuklama nezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ngenhlanhla, izishuni zesimanje ze-die-cast ngokuvamile zenziwe kahle ngakho-ke akufanele ube nezinkinga nazo iminyaka embalwa noma ngisho namashumi eminyaka uma uchitha okwengeziwe kwezinye zekhwalithi ephezulu ngempela!
Isilinganiso seshuna
Uma uthenga amashuni, umenzi uzocacisa isilinganiso esibhalwe njengezinombolo ezimbili ezine-semicolon : phakathi (isibonelo 6:1).
Inombolo enezinombolo ezimbili ikhombisa ukuthi inkinobho yesikhonkwane sokulungisa kufanele iguqulwe kangaki ukuze okuthunyelwe kweyunithi yezinhlamvu kwenze inguquko ephelele.
Ngamanye amazwi, leli nani linani lezikhathi ozidingayo ukuze uvule inkinobho yesikhonkwane ukuze uqinise ngokuphelele noma uxegise intambo.
Inombolo yesibili, ehlala ingaphezu kweyokuqala, ikutshela ukuthi ishafu yesikhonkwane sokulungisa izojika kangaki ekujikeni kwenkinobho eyodwa ephelele.
Isibonelo, isikhonkwane sokushuna sesilinganiso esingu-6:1 sizokwenza i-shaft ijike izikhathi eziyisithupha njalo ngesikhathi esingu-1 uvula inkinobho.
Inombolo yesilinganiso segiya ephansi isho ukuthi kufanele uphendule inkinobho izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuze uyiguqule ngokugcwele kuyilapho inombolo ephezulu yesilinganiso segiya isho ukuthi kufanele uvule inkinobho izikhathi eziningi ukuze uguqule ngokugcwele.
Kodwa isilinganiso segiya esiphezulu empeleni singcono. Amashuni esiginci abizayo ngokuvamile aziqhayisa ngesilinganiso esingu-18:1 kuyilapho ashibhile enesilinganiso esiphansi njengo-6:1.
Iziginci zekhwalithi engcono zingacutshungulwa futhi zingcono ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngabaculi abaqeqeshiwe.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu kuwe?
Izinga eliphezulu legiya lingcono ngoba linembe kakhulu.
Kulula ukuthola ukushuna okunembile ngesilinganiso segiya esiphezulu ngoba ukunyuswa okuncane kokujika kwenza kube lula ukushuna isiginci sakho.
Uma unesilinganiso segiya esiphansi, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuthola ukushuna okunembile ngoba ukukhuphuka okukhudlwana kokujika kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukushuna isiginci sakho.
Tuning isikhonkwane design
Akubona bonke okhiye bokushuna ababukeka ngendlela efanayo. Okunye kubukeka kupholile kunabanye kanti ukubukeka akuhlotshaniswa ngokuzenzakalela nokusebenza okungcono noma ikhwalithi, kulesi sibonelo, kuvamise ukuba njalo.
Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko okhiye bokushuna abaklanywa ngazo futhi ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi.
Okokuqala, ake sibheke izimo zokhiye bokushuna:
Okhiye bokushuna bafika ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene nosayizi, kodwa bonke basebenza ngendlela efanayo.
Umumo ovame kakhulu iphinifa, okuwucezu oluncane oluyindilinga oluvula ukuze ulukhulule noma uqinise intambo.
Umumo wesibili ovame kakhulu isikulufu, okuwucezu oluncane, oluyisilinda osivula ukuze ulukhulule noma uqinise intambo.
Umumo wesithathu ovame kakhulu i-lever, okuyingxenye encane, engunxande oyiphushayo ukuze uyikhulule noma uqinise intambo.
Amamodeli weshuna
I-Roto-grip
I-Roto-grip iwuhlobo lokhiye wokushuna one-knob kwelinye icala nesikulufu ngakolunye.
Inzuzo yalo mklamo wukuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi iguquguquka kakhulu.
Ububi balo mklamo ukuthi kungaba nzima ukubamba, ikakhulukazi uma izandla zakho zijulukile.
I-Sperzel
I-Sperzel iwuhlobo lokhiye wokushuna onezikulufu ezimbili ezibheke eceleni.
Inzuzo yalo mklamo ukuthi iqine kakhulu futhi ngeke ishelele.
Amashuni e-Sperzel nawo athandwa kakhulu ngabashayi besiginci abadlala umculo omningi osheshayo, onolaka.
Ububi balo mklamo ukuthi kungaba nzima ukuyisebenzisa uma unezandla ezinkulu.
Iya ku
I-Goto iwuhlobo lokhiye wokushuna one-knob kwelinye icala kanye ne-lever ngakolunye.
Inzuzo yalo mklamo ukuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi iguquguqukayo kakhulu ngoba i-lever iphenduka kalula.
Isipikili
Isikulufu sesithupha siwuhlobo lokhiye wokushuna onesikulufu esincane engxenyeni eyodwa kanye nesikulufu esikhulu kwenye.
Ububi balo mklamo ukuthi izikulufi zingaba nzima ukuziqinisa noma ukuzikhulula uma unezandla ezinkulu.
Ama-Butterbean
I-Butterbean iwuhlobo lokhiye wokushuna oneknobho kwelinye icala nesikulufu ngakolunye. Lo mklamo uvamile kuma-pegheads acijile.
I-peghead eboshiwe iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-peghead futhi ingatholakala kuzo zombili iziginci ze-acoustic nezikagesi.
3-on-a-plank tuner
Amashuni angu-3-on-a-plank afana ncamashi nalokhu azwakala njengawo: okhiye abathathu bokushuna emgqeni owodwa wokhuni. Lo mklamo uvamile ku isiginci acoustic.
Izinhlobo zamashuna
Uma sikhuluma ngezikhonkwane zokushuna isiginci noma okhiye, alukho uhlobo olulodwa nje.
Eqinisweni, kunezitayela eziningi zamashuna futhi ezinye zifaneleka kangcono izinhlobo ezithile zeziginci kunezinye.
Ake sibheke izinhlobo ezahlukene:
Ishuna ejwayelekile
Ishuna ejwayelekile (engakhiyi) iyona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokushuna. Ayinayo i-clamping mechanism, ngakho-ke intambo ayikhiyelwanga endaweni.
Ukucushwa kweshuna okujwayelekile kunezintambo ezihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo ku-headstock.
Amashuna ajwayelekile asebenzisa i-friction fit ukuze abambe intambo endaweni. Zisebenziseka kalula futhi zitholakala kuziginci eziningi ezingeni lokungena.
Ungaphinda uwabize ngamakhanda omshini anganyakazi noma amashuna.
Ukucushwa kweshuna okujwayelekile kusebenza kahle kuziginci eziningi futhi kusetshenziswa kugesi, i-acoustic, kanye iziginci zakudala.
Uma kuziwa ekuthengeni amashuna, awakudala ayindlela engcono kakhulu ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningi, izitayela, nokuqedwa ongakhetha kukho kuzo zonke izabelomali.
Lawa mashuna alula kakhulu: ufaka intambo yesiginci embobeni bese uyizungezisa iposi yokushuna ize iqine.
Ukuze uxegise iyunithi yezinhlamvu, umane ukhulule okuthunyelwe kokushuna.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukushintsha izintambo ngoshuna bendabuko kuwumkhuba ojabulisayo womdlali wesigingci ngoba akunzima kangako.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase ungafuni ukushintsha ukubukeka kwesiginci sakho nganoma iyiphi indlela, ingasaphathwa eyokubhoboza izimbobo ezintsha kusihloko esithambile sensimbi yakho.
Uma usebenzisa okushintshwayo okuqondile (imodeli efanayo yesikhonkwane sokushuna), izimbobo zonke ziyalandelana, azikho izimbobo ezisele ziboniswa, futhi ungaqhubeka nokuhlela kabusha nokwenza kahle njengoba uvame ukwenza, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukufaka amashuna.
Isisindo samashuni endabuko esinye isizathu sokuwakhetha.
Ngisho noma ungangezi ezinye izingxenye ezengeziwe ku-headstock ngokwayo, izosusa isikhungo sesiginci sokudonsela phansi.
Kushuna yendabuko, kukhona okuthunyelwe, igiya, i-bushing, ne-knob futhi ilula kakhulu.
Uma iphindwe kayisithupha, ukungezwa kweknobhu eyengeziwe kanye nokukhiya kungaholela ekusebenzeni okungaqinile.
Inzuzo enkulu yalolu hlobo lweshuna ukuthi lubiza kancane kunoshuna wokukhiya.
Kodwa amashuni endabuko awaklanyelwe iziginci ezishibhile nganoma iyiphi indlela. Eqinisweni, iningi Ama-stratocasters kanye neziginci ze-Les Paul zisafakwe oshuna abangavali.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi iyunithi yezinhlamvu ayivaliwe endaweni, maningi amathuba okushelela, okungabangela izinkinga zokulungisa.
Lokho kuwububi obukhulu bamashuna ajwayelekile: awazinzi njengamashuna okukhiya futhi angaxebuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Lokhu kungabangela ukushelela kwentambo ukuze isiginci sakho singakwazi ukucula.
Amashuni okukhiya
Ngokwesiko iyunithi yezinhlamvu iboshwe eduze kweshuna yakudala engabangela ukushelela kwentambo ngenkathi idlala.
Ishuna yokukhiya ikhiya iyunithi yezinhlamvu endaweni yokuthunyelwe ngenxa yokuthi inendlela egcinayo.
Lokhu kuvimbela intambo ukuthi ingasheleli njengoba kungadingeki ukuba usonge intambo ngaphezu kokukodwa nje.
Ishuna yokukhiya ileyo enendlela yokubopha ukuze igcine intambo isendaweni lapho udlala.
Ngokuyisisekelo, amashuna okukhiya awuhlobo lokhiye wokushuna osetshenziselwa ukugcina intambo ingasuki eshuni.
Kodwa isizathu esenza abanye abadlali bakhethe amashuna okukhiya ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esincane ukushintsha izintambo, futhi lokhu kulula ngokungangabazeki.
Amashuna okukhiya abiza kakhulu kodwa ukhokhela lokho lula ngoba ungakwazi ukushintsha izintambo ngokushesha.
Kunezinzuzo ezimbili kulokhu: okokuqala, kudingeka ama-wingings ambalwa ukuze kugcinwe ukuqina kokushuna ngoba intambo ikhiyiwe ngokumelene neshuna.
Ukuhlanganisa kabusha izintambo ngokuvamile kuyashesha futhi kulula uma kunamawindi amancane.
Kodwa-ke, into abantu abangayiqapheli ukuthi ukusebenzisa ishuna yokukhiya kungabangela ukuntengantenga kokushuna ngoba njengoba usonga intambo, uzungeze okuthunyelwe, ungaba nezinkinga ezithile uma usebenzisa i-tremolo (iziginci zikagesi).
Lapho nje uqaqa intambo noma uhambisa i-tremolo kuqanda futhi, okuthunyelwe kungase kuhanjiswe kancane okubangela ukushintsha kancane kwephimbo.
UGrover waziwa kakhulu ngokwenza isikhonkwane sokukhiya sidume kodwa sibiza kancane ngakho kufanele ucabangele ukuthi sikufanele yini.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele lapho usebenzisa amashuna okukhiya futhi kuyindaba nje yokuthanda komuntu siqu.
Vula igiya
Amashuni amaningi anegiya elisobala, okusho ukuthi amazinyo asemagiyeni ayabonakala. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi amashuna asebenzisa igiya elivulekile.
Amashuni asebenzisa amagiya avulekile kubiza kancane ukuwakha, yingakho evame ukusetshenziswa ezigidini ezisezingeni eliphansi.
Ziyakwazi nokungenwa kalula wuthuli nokungcola, okungamakhela phezu kwamagiya bese kushelela.
Amashuni avaliwe
Amashuni avaliwe anesembozo phezu kwamagiya, esiwavikela othulini nasekungcoleni.
Kubiza kakhulu ukuwenza, kodwa ahlala ehlanzekile futhi mancane amathuba okuthi ashelele.
Uma unesiginci esinamashuna avula igiya, ungathenga amashuna avaliwe we-aftermarket ukuze uwashintshe.
I-Vintage ivaliwe emuva
Amashuna esikhathi esidlule avale emuva awuhlobo lweshuna evaliwe eyayivamise ukusetshenziswa kuziginci ezindala.
Zinoqweqwe lwensimbi oluyindilinga oluvala amagiya, lube nembobo encane ngemuva ukuze intambo idlule.
Inzuzo yalawa mashuna ukuthi ahlala isikhathi eside futhi mancane amathuba okuthi axege ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Okubi ukuthi kungaba nzima kakhulu ukushintsha izintambo ngoba intambo kufanele idliwe ngembobo encane engemuva kweshuna.
I-Vintage open-back
Amashuna e-vintage open-back aphambene namashuna akudala avaliwe.
Anegiya elivuliwe, elinembobo encane ngaphambili ukuze intambo idlule.
Inzuzo yalezi zishuni ukuthi kulula ukushintsha izintambo ngoba intambo ayidingi ukuphakelwa ngembobo encane engemuva kweshuna.
Ububi ukuthi awahlali isikhathi eside njengamashuni esikhathi eside evaliwe futhi maningi amathuba okuthi axegelwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izikhonkwane zomshini ezibekwe eceleni - zama-acoustics asendulo
Izikhonkwane zomshini ezibekwe eceleni ziwuhlobo lweshuna olusetshenziswa kuma-acoustic guitars.
Uzowathola efakwe kuziginci ze-acoustic zakudala kanye neziginci ze-flamenco ngoba lezi zisebenzisa izintambo zenayiloni ukuze okuthunyelwe kungabi ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu futhi lezi ziginci zinokuthunyelwe okushuna okunamathiselwe ngokuhlukile kancane.
Afakwe eceleni kwesigxobo sekhanda, intambo idlula emgodini ohlangothini lwesikhonkwane.
Izikhonkwane zomshini ezifakwe emaceleni ziyafana nezivulekele emuva zakudala futhi zinenzuzo efanayo yokuba lula ukushintsha izintambo.
Amashuna ama-3 afakwe emgqeni (amashuna ama-3 ngepuleti ngalinye) ohlangothini lwesitoko.
Inzuzo yalawa mashuna ukuthi mancane amathuba okuthi akhululeke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunezinye izinhlobo zamashuna.
Ububi ukuthi kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa ngoba okhiye bokushuna abekho bonke emugqeni oqondile.
Ishuna izilungiselelo zokhiye
Ukulungiselelwa kokhiye wokushuna kungase kubekwe eceleni noma kubekwe phezulu.
Okhiye bokushuna ababekwe eceleni bavame kakhulu kuziginci ze-acoustic, kuyilapho okhiye bokushuna ababekwe phezulu bavame kakhulu kuziginci zikagesi.
Kukhona futhi ezinye iziginci ezinengxube yabo bobabili okhiye bokushuna ababekwe eceleni naphezulu.
Uhlobo lokhiye wokushuna owusebenzisayo kuyindaba yomuntu siqu.
Abanye abashaya isiginci bancamela okhiye bokushuna ababekwe eceleni ngoba kulula ukufinyelela kubo uma ushintsha izintambo.
Abanye abashaya isiginci bancamela okhiye bokushuna ababekwe phezulu ngoba abahambi endleleni uma udlala.
Material
Ungase uzibuze, iyiphi impahla ukhiye wokushuna omuhle wenziwe?
Iningi lokhiye bokushuna benziwe ngensimbi, kungaba insimbi noma i-zinc. Impahla engcono kakhulu yi-zinc-alloy ngoba inamandla futhi ayingenwa kalula ukugqwala.
Kukhona okhiye bokushuna abenziwe ngepulasitiki, kodwa lezi azijwayelekile futhi zintekenteke futhi zishibhile - ngeke ngincome ukuzisebenzisa.
Isizathu sokuthi okhiye abaningi bokushuna benziwe ngensimbi ukuthi insimbi iqinile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside.
Manje, okhiye bokushuna bangaba nokuqedwa okuhlukile futhi isiphetho se-chrome sithandwa kakhulu.
I-chrome finish ayigcini nje ngokujabulisa ubuhle, kodwa futhi ivikela insimbi ekugqwaleni.
Kukhona nezikhiye zokushuna ezinombala omnyama noma osegolide, futhi nazo zingabukeka zizinhle kakhulu.
Okhiye abahle vs ababi bokushuna
Izikhonkwane ezinhle zokushuna zingenza umehluko omkhulu. Izikhonkwane zokushuna ezishibhile aziyona nje ikhwalithi enhle.
Zincane uma ziqhathaniswa nezikhonkwane zokushuna ozithola ngesiginci sekhwalithi ephezulu njengeFender.
Izikhonkwane zokushuna ezingcono ngokuvamile zishelela kunezishibhile futhi zibamba ukungezwani kahle - kuncane "ukupha" lapho ushuna isiginci sakho.
Sekukonke, okhiye bokushuna abangcono benza yonke inqubo yokushuna ibe lula kakhulu futhi inembe kakhulu.
Okhiye be-Grover tuning bayindawo ephakathi nendawo phakathi kokuqina nokunemba. Lezi zinedumela lokuthi kulula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa ngenkathi zigcina izinga eliphezulu lokunemba.
Amashuni okuqala e-Grover angamashuna akhiyayo, yingakho evame ukusetshenziswa kuziginci ezinamabhuloho e-tremolo noma izingalo ze-vibrato.
Ukushuna amafulegi abomvu wezikhonkwane ukuze uwabheke:
- Ama-Flimsy bits
- I-Chrome, igolide, emnyama ibukeka sengathi iyaqothuka
- Izikhonkwane zokushuna azijiki kahle futhi zenza imisindo eyinqaba
- Kukhona ukuhlehla futhi isikhonkwane siphendukela kolunye uhlangothi kunokuba kufanele
Umlando wokhiye bokushuna
Ama-Luthiers anamagama ahlukahlukene okhiye bokushuna njengamashuna, izikhonkwane zokushuna, noma amakhanda omshini.
Kodwa lokhu kuyintuthuko yakamuva ngoba, esikhathini esedlule, kuphela inombolo ekhethiwe yezinkampani ezakha “okhiye abahlosiwe” njengoba babebizwa kanjalo ngaleso sikhathi.
Ngaphambi kweziginci, abantu babedlala ilute, futhi leli thuluzi lalingenazo izikhonkwane zokushuna ezifanele njengalezi zanamuhla.
Kunalokho, amalute ayenezikhonkwane zokungqubuzana ezazifakwa embotsheni engaphezulu kwesigxobo sekhanda. Lena indlela efanayo namaviolin anayo.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zikhonkwane zokungqubuzana zaba nemininingwane eyengeziwe kwaze kwaba yilapho seziba okhiye bokushuna abahloselwe esibaziyo namuhla.
Iziginci zokuqala zenziwa ngekhulu le-15, futhi zazingenabo okhiye bokushuna. Lezi ziginci zakuqala zazinezintambo zamathumbu ezazixhunywe ebhulohweni ngefindo.
Ukuze ushune lezi ziginci zakuqala, umdlali uzovele adonse intambo ukuze ayiqinise noma ayixege.
Iziginci zokuqala ezinokhiye bokushuna zavela ngekhulu le-18 futhi zasebenzisa indlela efanayo naleyo eyayisetshenziswa amalutha.
U-John Frederick Hintz waba ngumuntu wokuqala owakha futhi wenza ukhiye wokushuna olungiselelwe ngo-1766.
Lolu hlobo olusha lokhiye wokushuna luvumele umdlali ukuthi aqinise noma axege iyunithi yezinhlamvu ngokujika okulula kweknobho.
Kodwa-ke, le sistimu ibe nenkinga: intambo yayizophuma eshunini kalula.
Ngakho-ke, lolu hlelo aluhlalanga isikhathi eside ngoba, ngawo-1800, uJohn Preston wadala idizayini engcono.
Idizayini kaPreston isebenzise isistimu yezikelemu negiya efana kakhulu naleyo esetshenziswa okhiye bokushuna banamuhla.
Lo mklamo wamukelwa ngokushesha abenzi besiginci futhi waba indinganiso yokhiye bokushuna.
Ungazixazulula kanjani izikhonkwane zokulungisa
Uma isiginci sakho siqhubeka nokuphuma ekushumeni, kungenzeka ukuthi sihlobene nezikhonkwane/amashuni wokushuna.
Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze uxazulule le nkinga.
Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi izikhonkwane/amashuna aqinile. Uma zixega, zizodinga ukuqiniswa.
Okwesibili, qiniseka ukuthi izintambo ziboshwe ngendlela efanele ezikhonkwaneni/amashunela.
Uma izintambo zingalimali ngendlela efanele, zizoshelela futhi isiginci sakho sizophelelwa umsindo. Uma izintambo zingaqini kahle uzobona ukuthi intambo yakho iya phansi ngenkathi udlala.
Okwesithathu, qiniseka ukuthi izintambo ziwusayizi olungile wezikhonkwane/amashuna akho.
Uma izintambo zizincane kakhulu, zizoshibilika futhi isiginci sakho sizophelelwa umsindo.
Okwesine, udinga ukuhlola amagiya atholakala ngaphakathi kwamashuna. Amagiya avamise ukuwohloka ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ngenxa yokudonsa njalo kwentambo.
Futhi, amagiya angase eqe amazinyo noma akhumule futhi uma amagiya ekhunyuliwe, azodinga ukushintshwa.
Uyakwazi ukubona ukuthi amagiya akhunyuliwe yini uma uzwa umsindo wokugaya uma uvula isikhonkwane/ishuna.
Lolu daba lubizwa nge-backlash yokuqondisa igiya futhi ludalwa ukuguga nokudabuka kwamagiya.
Okwesihlanu, hlola ikhanda lomshini. Isikhonkwane esivikela intambo esitokisini siyanyakaza lapho izigxobo zomshini zisenza.
Ukushuba okuphezulu ezintanjeni kuyadingeka ukuze izintambo zishune. Kunomkhawulo wokuthi inhloko yomshini ingamelana isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuba iqale ukuphuka.
Enye inkinga uma izinkinobho eziphukile. Inkinobho lapho ubamba khona ikhanda lomshini ingaphuka njengoba uyisonta. Lokhu kuvamile ngezinkinobho zepulasitiki ezithambile ezishibhile.
Ekugcineni, ungabheka ukuthi izikhonkwane zokushuna zifakwe kahle yini esigincini.
Uma izikhonkwane zokushuna zingagxiliwe kahle esihlokweni kuthinta ukuzinza kokushuna kwensimbi yakho.
Ekupheleni kosuku, okhiye bokushuna akufanele banganakwa. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kule ngxenye yesiginci engenabungozi kuzokugcina uzwakala kahle kakhulu.
Izikhonkwane ezihamba phambili zokushuna isiginci emakethe: izinhlobo ezidumile
Yize lokhu kungekona ukubuyekezwa kwazo zonke izikhonkwane zokushuna laphaya, ngabelana ngohlu lwamakhanda emishini aphezulu abashaya isiginci abakhetha ukuwasebenzisa.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zokhiye bokushuna, kodwa ezinye zezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu yiFender, Gibson, neGrover.
Okhiye bokushuna be-Fender baziwa ngokuqina nokunemba kwabo, kuyilapho okhiye bokushuna be-Gibson baziwa ngokusebenziseka kalula.
Uma ufuna inketho ethengekayo, baningi okhiye bokushuna bemishini abavumelana nesabelomali abazokwenza umsebenzi kahle.
Eminye yale mikhiqizo ihlanganisa i-Wilkinson, i-Schaller, ne-Hipshot.
Uhlu olufushane ukuze nje ujwayelane namanye amabhrendi adumile wokushuna laphaya!
- Grover - amashuni azo azikhiya athokozelwa abadlali besiginci sikagesi futhi ane-chrome finish.
- Gotoh - amashuni abo okukhiya nawo adume kakhulu phakathi kwabadlali beziginci zikagesi. Lezi zinesitayela se-vintage kuzo futhi zitholakala ngamaphethelo ahlukene njenge-chrome, emnyama, negolide.
- Ngokungabaza - lawa amashuna ajwayelekile aphefumulelwe zakudala anokumiswa kwe-headstock engu-3+3. Atholakala emaphethelweni ahlukene njengomnyama, i-nickel, negolide.
- Fender - amashuni awo ajwayelekile asetshenziswa abaculi abaningi be-acoustic kanye neziginci zikagesi. Benza futhi izishuni zegolide ezinhle ze-vintage Strats kanye Ama-Telecasters.
- Gibson - okhiye babo bokushuna basetshenziswa iziginci eziningi ze-acoustic nezikagesi. Banesici sokuzikhiya esithakaselwa ngabadlali abaningi. Izikhonkwane zabo ze-nickel zithandwa kakhulu.
- Golden Gate - benza amashuni amahle kakhulu weziginci ze-acoustic kanye nezakudala.
- Schaller - lezi zinhloko zemishini yokukhiya yaseJalimane ziyinani elihle lemali.
- Kluson - lo mkhiqizo uvame ukuba yinketho ephezulu yeziginci zakudala ngoba okhiye bawo bokushuna babukeka bemangalisa.
- U-Wilkinson – lena inketho enhle kakhulu yokusebenzisa ibhajethi eyaziwa ngokuhlala isikhathi eside nokunemba kwayo.
- I-Hipshot – benza izinhlobonhlobo zamashuna okukhiya kodwa baziwa kakhulu ngezikhonkwane zabo zokushuna amabhesi.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe okhiye bokushuna bakhona emhlabeni wonke?
Cha, akubona bonke okhiye bokushuna isiginci abazolingana zonke iziginci.
Okhiye bokushuna isiginci bafika ngosayizi abahlukene, ngakho-ke udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi uthola usayizi ofanele wesiginci sakho.
Usayizi ovame kakhulu wokhiye bokushuna isiginci ngu-3/8″. Lo sayizi uzolingana neziginci eziningi ze-acoustic nezikagesi.
Uma ushintsha okhiye bakho bokushuna ukuze uthole abasha abayimodeli efanayo ncamashi, awudingi ukwenza izinguquko.
Kodwa, uma ufaka okhiye bokushuna abahlukene (mhlawumbe uthuthukisa usuka kokungakhiyi uye kokhiyelayo), uzodinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okhiye bokushuna abasha bazongena kusiginci sakho.
Ngakho-ke, uzodinga ukwenza izinguquko ezithile.
Ungase udinge ukubhoboza izimbobo ezintsha noma ufake phansi ezindala ukuze uzenze zibe zinkulu.
Bheka le vidiyo ukuze ubone ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani:
Atholakala kuphi amakhanda emishini?
Okhiye bokushuna isiginci sikagesi
Amakhanda okulungisa isiginci sikagesi ngokuvamile atholakala futhi avikelwe ngemuva kwe-headstock.
Kuya shuna isiginci sakho sikagesi, uzodinga ukusebenzisa ukhiye wokulungisa ukuze ukhulule noma uqinise intambo.
Uma ukhulula intambo, izokwehla ngephimbo.
Uma uqinisa intambo, izokhuphuka ibe nephimbo.
Kubalulekile ukushuna isiginci sakho kancane futhi ngokucophelela ukuze unganqamuli intambo.
Izikhonkwane zokushuna isiginci se-acoustic
Okhiye bokushuna besiginci se-acoustic bavamise ukutholakala eceleni kwe-headstock.
Ukuze ushune isiginci sakho se-acoustic, uzodinga futhi ukusebenzisa ukhiye wokushuna ukuze ukhulule noma uqinise iyunithi yezinhlamvu.
Njengaseziginci zikagesi, uma uxegisa intambo, izokwehla ngephimbo futhi uma uqinisa intambo izokhuphuka ibe nephimbo.
Futhi, kubalulekile ukushuna isiginci sakho kancane futhi ngokucophelela ukuze unganqamuli intambo.
Okhiye bokushuna isiginci se-bass
Okhiye bokushuna besiginci se-bass nabo batholakala eceleni kwe-headstock.
Ukuze ushune isiginci sakho se-bass, uzosebenzisa okhiye bokushuna abafanayo njengoba ubungasebenzisa kwisiginci se-acoustic.
Umehluko kuphela ukuthi isiginci se-bass sinezintambo ezinephimbo eliphansi, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukusishuna ukuze sibe nephimbo eliphansi.
Ukuma kokhiye bokushuna isiginci se-bass kungahluka, kodwa bonke basebenzela injongo efanayo: ukugcina i-bass guitar yakho ivumelana.
Funda kabanzi mayelana ne umehluko phakathi kwesiginci esiholayo vs isiginci sesigqi vs bass guitar
Ayini ama-tuner ahlukanisiwe?
Ishuna yobude obumangelengele ileyo eklanyelwe ukukhulisa i-engeli yokunqamuka kwentambo.
Inkinga evamile ngezinye iziginci ukuthi zinama-engeli ezintambo angashoni phezu kwamantongomane.
Lokhu akukwazi nje kuphela ukubangela ukukhala kwentambo, kodwa kungathinta ithoni, ukugxila ngisho nokusimama.
Lawa mashuna amadala ayaba mafushane njengoba uhamba phezu kwesitoko.
Ngakho-ke, i-angle yokunqamula intambo iyakhula okufanele ibe yinzuzo kuchungechunge olukude.
Ungawabona lawa mashuna amile kwezinye iziginci zikagesi ze-Fender.
Eqinisweni, i-Fender inezishuni zokukhiya ezinyakazayo ze-Strat kanye ne-Telecasters. Uma ufuna ungathenga amashuni anjalo esiginci sakho.
Abanye abadlali bathi lolu hlobo lweshuna lunciphisa ukubhayiza kwentambo. Kodwa-ke, into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi awutholi i-engeli engumqansa njengoba ubungayidinga.
Ishuna evamile ilungile kuziginci eziningi, kodwa uma unesiginci esine-tremolo bar, ungase uthande ukucabanga ukusebenzisa izishuna ezinyakazayo.
Amashuna amile, njengeshuna yokukhiya i-Fender, aklanywe kucatshangwa ngezidingo zabadlali besigingci sikagesi.
Azijwayelekile njengamashuna ajwayelekile.
Ukudla okudlela endlini
Okhiye bokushuna isiginci, noma amakhanda emishini njengoba bebizwa kanjalo, badlala indima ebalulekile kumsindo wonke wesiginci sakho.
Angase abonakale njengengxenye encane futhi engabalulekile, kodwa empeleni anomthelela omkhulu ekushuneni nasekukhulumeni kwezwi lensimbi yakho.
Uma usaqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi basebenza kanjani nokuthi benzani.
Abashayi besiginci abaphakathi nendawo nabathuthukile nabo kumele bazi ukuthi bazisebenzisa kanjani ngendlela efanele ukuze bagcine iziginci zabo zihambisana.
Amashuna angakhiyi futhi angakhiyi yizinhlobo ezimbili zamakhanda emishini ozowathola kuziginci eziningi.
Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo zalo kanye nezinkinga zalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha ezifanele izidingo zakho.
Funda okulandelayo: Yikuphi ukushuna kwesiginci okusetshenziswa yi-Metallica? (nokuthi ishintshe kanjani phakathi neminyaka)
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
