Ithini ithoni uma kuziwa ezinsimbini zomculo? Umsindo oyingqayizivele wensimbi ekuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise enye kwenye.
Umbala wethoni ikhwalithi yomsindo ongabonakali njenge imvamisa (iphimbo), ubude besikhathi (isigqi), noma i-amplitude (ivolumu). Ngokuvamile, umbala wethoni yiwo ovumela isilaleli ukuba sibone umsindo njengokhiqizwa insimbi ethile futhi ahlukanise phakathi kwezinsimbi zohlobo olufanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, icilongo lizwakala lihluke kakhulu ku-violin, ngisho noma lidlala ithoni ngefrikhwensi efanayo, i-amplitude, nangesikhathi esifanayo.
Kulesi sihloko, ngizobheka ukuthi iyini ithoni nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukuhlukanisa insimbi eyodwa kwenye.
Uyini Umbala Wethoni?
Umbala wethoni, owaziwa nangokuthi i-timbre, umsindo oyingqayizivele okhiqizwa insimbi ethile yomculo noma izwi. Kunqunywa inhlanganisela yezinto, okuhlanganisa ubukhulu, ukuma, nezinto zensimbi, kanye nendlela elidlalwa ngayo.
Ukubaluleka Kombala Wethoni
Umbala wethoni uyingxenye ebalulekile yomculo, njengoba usivumela ukuba sihlukanise phakathi kwezinsimbi ezahlukene namazwi. Yilokho okunikeza insimbi ngayinye ikhwalithi yayo yomsindo eyingqayizivele futhi eyihlukanisa kwamanye.
Izici Zombala Wethoni
Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile zombala wethoni:
- Umbala wethoni uhlotshaniswa nephimbo, isigqi, nevolumu.
- Kunqunywa ngezinto ezisetshenziswa ukwenza insimbi nendlela edlalwa ngayo.
- Umbala wethoni ungachazwa kusetshenziswa amagama afana nokufudumala, okumnyama, okukhanyayo, kanye ne-buzzy.
- Yikhona okusivumela ukuthi sihlukanise phakathi kwezinsimbi ezahlukene kanye namazwi.
Iqhaza Lombala Wethoni Emculweni
Umbala wethoni udlala indima ebalulekile kubuhle bomculo. Ingasetshenziselwa ukwakha imizwa nemizwelo eyahlukene, futhi ingasetshenziswa ngisho nokudlulisa izincazelo ezithile noma imibono.
Ezinye izibonelo zendlela umbala wethoni osetshenziswa ngayo emculweni zihlanganisa:
- Ukusebenzisa ithoni ekhanyayo, enomoya kumtshingo ukuze udale umuzwa wokukhanya nokudlala.
- Ukusebenzisa ithoni emnyama, ethambile ku-clarinet ukuze udale umuzwa wokufudumala nokujula.
- Ukusebenzisa ithoni ehlokomayo kwicilongo ukuze udale umuzwa wamandla kanye nesasasa.
Isayensi Ngemuva Kombala Wethoni
Isayensi yombala wephimbo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ihilela inhlanganisela yezinto, okuhlanganisa ubukhulu nokuma kwethuluzi, izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukulenza, nendlela elidlalwa ngayo.
Amanye amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwakhumbule ahlanganisa:
- Umbala wethoni unqunywa indlela insimbi ekhiqiza ngayo amaphimbo namathoni ahlukene.
- Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zombala wethoni ziyi-timbre nekhwalithi yethoni.
- I-Timbre iwumsindo oyingqayizivele okhiqizwa insimbi ethile, kuyilapho ikhwalithi yethoni iwumphumela wekhono lensimbi lokukhiqiza izinhlobonhlobo zamaphimbo namathoni.
- Umbala wethoni uphinde uthonywe ama-overtones namafrikhwensi e-harmonic akhiqizwa ithuluzi.
Sengiphetha, umbala wethoni uyisici esibalulekile somculo esisivumela ukuthi sihlukanise phakathi kwezinsimbi ezahlukene kanye namazwi. Kunqunywa inhlanganisela yezinto, okuhlanganisa ubukhulu, ukuma, nezinto zensimbi, kanye nendlela elidlalwa ngayo. Ukuqonda umbala wephimbo kungasisiza sazise izimfanelo eziyingqayizivele zezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene kanye nendima eziyidlalayo ekwakheni umculo omnandi.
Yini Ebangela Umbala Wethoni?
Umbala wethoni, owaziwa nangokuthi i-timbre, umsindo oyingqayizivele okhiqizwa insimbi ethile noma izwi. Kodwa yini ebangela lo msindo ohlukile? Asingene kwisayensi engemuva kwakho.
- Umbala wethoni unqunywa ubukhulu, ukuma, kanye nempahla yensimbi noma izintambo zezwi.
- Lapho insimbi yomculo noma intambo yezwi idlidliza, ikhiqiza amaza omsindo ahamba emoyeni.
- Amaza omsindo adalwe ukudlidliza kwensimbi noma izintambo zezwi akhiqiza iphimbo eliyisisekelo, okuyifrikhwensi ephansi kakhulu ekhiqizwa ukudlidliza.
- Ngaphezu kwephimbo eliyisisekelo, kukhona nama-overtones, okungamafrikhwensi aphezulu akhiqizwa ukudlidliza.
- Inhlanganisela yephimbo eliyisisekelo kanye namathoni akhona kudala umsindo oyingqayizivele wensimbi noma izwi.
Izinto Ezithinta Umbala Wethoni
Nakuba isayensi engemuva kombala wethoni iqondile, kunezici eziningi ezingathinta umsindo okhiqizwa insimbi noma izwi.
- Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza insimbi zingathinta umbala wayo wethoni. Isibonelo, isiginci esenziwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokhuni sizoba nekhwalithi yomsindo ehlukile kunegitala elenziwe ngensimbi.
- Ukuma kwensimbi nakho kungathinta umbala wayo wethoni. Amathuluzi ane-spectrum ebanzi yokuhlukahluka komumo, njenge-trombone, angakhiqiza ububanzi obubanzi bamathoni.
- Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezithile ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza insimbi zingaphinda zibe nomthelela kumbala wethoni yayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukufaka uhlobo oluthile lokhuni esikhundleni solunye ngesiginci kungashintsha izinga lomsindo walo.
- Indlela insimbi edlalwa ngayo ingase ithinte umbala wayo wephimbo. Isibonelo, indlela umnsalo we-violin oboshwe ngayo ngoboya behhashi noma izintambo zenayiloni zokwenziwa zingakhiqiza imiphumela yomsindo ehluke kancane.
- Abaculi abangochwepheshe bavame ukuthuthukisa izintandokazi zemibala yethoni ethize futhi bangase balungise izinsimbi zabo ukuze bathole umsindo abawufunayo.
Ubuciko Bombala Wethoni
Umbala wethoni awuwona nje umqondo wesayensi, kodwa futhi ubuciko. Indlela insimbi edlalwa ngayo ingaba nomthelela omkhulu kumbala wethoni yayo, okuvumela umculi oqeqeshiwe ukuthi ahlukanise kalula phakathi kwezinsimbi ezihlukene.
- Amandla okhiye bepiyano abashaywa ngawo angaveza umsindo oshelelayo, ocwebezelayo, ohlabayo, noma ohlukumezayo.
- Ikhwalithi yomsindo ngayinye yezinsimbi ivumela abadlali ukuthi balawule futhi bashintshe umbala wethoni ngokusebenzisa amasu okusebenza ahlukene.
- Umbala wethoni nawo uthintwa yisikhala lapho ukusebenza kwenzeka khona. Isibonelo, izintambo ze-violin ezinamekwe ngegolide zingase zikhiqize umsindo ogqamile, ohlabayo osebenza kahle ekudlaleni uwedwa ezindaweni ezivulekile, kuyilapho izintambo zensimbi zingase zibe nekhwalithi ephansi efaneleka kangcono ukudlala ndawonye.
- Umbala wethoni uwukucatshangelwa okukhulu kwabaqambi ukugwema ukuchaza imisindo ethile noma inhlanganisela yemisindo ehambisana nemizwa ethile, izinto, noma imibono.
- Ukuhlangana okufundiwe kwemisindo ethile nemibala yethoni kungavusa izinkumbulo nemizwelo kumlaleli. Ngokwesibonelo, umsindo ocwayizayo webhokisi lomculo ungakha isithombe sobuntwana nobusha.
- Inhlanganisela yemibala yethoni, njenge-fife nesigubhu sogibe, ingakha indawo yezempi engqondweni yomlaleli, kuyilapho ingoma ehlotshaniswa ngokuqondile nempi ingaba nomthelela omkhulu kumphumela womzwelo wesiqephu.
- Itimu eyisakhiwo sodumo emele ushaka omhlophe omkhulu kufilimu ethi Jaws, eyakhiwe u-John Williams, iqala ngemisindo eklwebhayo evela kumabhesi aqondile aphansi kanye namaraphu anomhlanga ahlabayo avela ku-contrabassoon, afakwe ama-cavernous booms avela ezigubhu zeketela ezinkulu. Ukukhetha kukaWilliams kwemibala yethoni ejulile, e-cavernous igcizelela ikhwalithi yomsindo futhi idlulisa kahle umqondo wolwandle olukhulu, oluludaka.
Ukudala Inhlanganisela Yombala Wethoni Eyingqayizivele
Abaqambi basesha inhlanganisela yombala wethoni ephelele ukuze babakhuthaze ukuthi bakhe imibala yethoni emisha nengavamile ngokudlala izinsimbi ngezinye izindlela noma ngokungeza ithuluzi okwesikhashana.
- Ukudlala izinsimbi ngezinye izindlela, njengokusebenzisa indlela yokunqanyulwa kwevayolini ebizwa ngokuthi i-pizzicato, kungaveza imiphumela yomsindo ehlukene eshintsha umbala wethoni.
- Imishini ethulisa ingafakwa kumathuluzi okudambisa umsindo nokushintsha umbala wethoni. Izinsimbi zethusi, ikakhulukazi, zisebenzisa uhlu olubanzi lokuthulisa olungashintsha kakhulu umsindo wensimbi.
- Abaqambi banaka kakhulu umbala wethoni lapho behlanganisa ngobuciko imisindo ukuze bakhe umphumela ohlangene, njengoba nje umdwebi ehlanganisa imibala eyahlukahlukene ukuze akhe umthunzi oyingqayizivele wombala obonakalayo.
Ukubaluleka Kombala Wethoni Emculweni Wefilimu
Umbala wethoni ungasetha isimo somculo emculweni wefilimu, uphakamise imizwelo esikrinini.
- Abaqambi bakora izigcawu ezithile ngezinsimbi ezilingisa noma eziphakamisa imizwelo esikrinini. Isibonelo, efilimini ethi Jaws, umqambi u-John Williams usebenzisa inothi motif edlalwa inhlanganisela yezinsimbi ze-bass ezinemibala yethoni emnyama, njenge-tuba, i-double bass, ne-contrabassoon, ukuze akhe umuzwa wokukhathazeka oxutshwe nemisindo ephansi, ephendulayo. yolwandle olujulile.
- Ikhono lombala wethoni ukusetha umoya womculo litholwa ngokugqamile emculweni wefilimu, lapho amaqembu ezinsimbi asetshenziswa khona ukukhulisa imvelo ye-cacophonous yezigaba ezithile ezidinga umsindo ogqamile, ogqamile, futhi onqobayo. Inhlanganisela ye-percussion ne-brass ingakha umsindo ogqamile futhi oklewulayo ezintanjeni ezingaphezulu, idale umuzwa wokukhathazeka oxutshwe nemisindo ephansi, ephendulayo yolwandle olujulile.
Izinguquko Zobuciko Kumbala Wethoni
Abaqambi babhala izinguquko kumbala wethoni ekuqambeni kwabo, okuhlanganisa izindlela zokukhothama zezinsimbi zochungechunge kanye namanothi ethusi elithulisiwe.
- Izindlela zokukhothama, njenge-pizzicato, zibonisa ukuthi umenzi kufanele ahlwithe izintambo esikhundleni sokudweba umnsalo, enze umbala wethoni ogqamile futhi okhonjiwe.
- Ithusi elithulisiwe lingashintsha umsindo wensimbi, lidale umbala wethoni ethambile futhi ethambile.
Lapho Ithoni Ibhekisa Kwiphimbo
Iphimbo ukuphakama noma ukwehla komsindo. Kunqunywa imvamisa yamagagasi omsindo, akalwa nge-Hertz (Hz). Lapho imvamisa iphakeme, iphimbo liphakeme, futhi imvamisa yehla, iphimbo liyancipha.
Iyini iTone?
Ithoni isho izinga lomsindo okhiqizwa insimbi yomculo. Kungumsindo wesici ohlukanisa insimbi eyodwa kwenye. Iphimbo linqunywa izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuma nobukhulu bensimbi, into eyenziwe ngayo, nendlela edlalwa ngayo.
Uyini Umehluko Wangempela Phakathi Kwephimbo Nethoni?
Iphimbo nephimbo kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana, kodwa azifani. Iphimbo lisho ukuphakama noma ukwehla komsindo, kanti ithoni isho ikhwalithi yomsindo. Ngamanye amazwi, iphimbo liyimpahla ebonakalayo yomsindo, kuyilapho iphimbo iwumbono ozimele womsindo.
Ungawusebenzisa Kanjani Umehluko Phakathi Kwethoni Nephimbo?
Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwephimbo nephimbo kubalulekile emculweni. Ukusebenzisa iphimbo elifanele kungathuthukisa ithonya elingokomzwelo locezu lomculo, kuyilapho ukusebenzisa iphimbo elifanele kungaqinisekisa ukuthi umculo uyavumelana. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa umehluko phakathi kwephimbo nephimbo:
- Sebenzisa ithoni elungile ukuze udlulisele imizwa efanele ocezwini lomculo.
- Sebenzisa iphimbo elifanele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umculo uhambisana.
- Sebenzisa ithoni kanye nezwi ndawonye ukuze udale umsindo oyingqayizivele nokhumbulekayo.
Ingabe I-Tone Deaf Ifana Nokuba Isithulu Esiphundu?
Cha, ukuba yisithulu nokungezwa kahle akuyona into efanayo. Ukungezwa kwephimbo kubhekisela ekungakwazini ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamathoni ahlukene omculo, kuyilapho ukungezwa kwephimbo kubhekisela ekungakwazini ukuzwa umehluko wephimbo. Abantu abayizithulu zethoni basengakwazi ukuzwa umehluko wephimbo, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwenothi Eliphezulu Nephimbo Eliphakeme?
Inothi eliphezulu lisho inothi elithile lomculo elinephimbo eliphakeme kunamanye amanothi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iphimbo eliphezulu libhekisela ekuphakameni okuphelele komsindo. Isibonelo, icilongo nesigingci se-bass zombili zingadlala amanothi aphezulu, kodwa zinemisindo ephakeme ehlukene ngoba zikhiqiza amathoni ahlukene.
Sengiphetha, ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwephimbo nephimbo kubalulekile emculweni. Nakuba zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana, aziyona into efanayo. Iphimbo lisho ukuphakama noma ukwehla komsindo, kanti ithoni isho ikhwalithi yomsindo. Ngokusebenzisa ithoni efanele kanye nephimbo ndawonye, abaculi bangakha umsindo oyingqayizivele nokhumbulekayo.
Ithoni Njengesikhawu Somculo
Isikhawu sethoni ibanga eliphakathi kwamaphiwo amabili omculo. Yaziwa nangokuthi ithoni ephelele, futhi ilingana nama-semitones amabili. Ngamanye amazwi, isikhawu sethoni ibanga eliphakathi kwamanothi amabili ahlukene phakathi kusiginci noma okhiye ababili ngokuhlukene kupiyano.
Izinhlobo zezikhawu zethoni
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezikhawu zethoni: ithoni enkulu kanye nethoni encane.
- Ithoni enkulu yakhiwe ngamathoni amabili aphelele, alingana nama-semitones amane. Yaziwa nangokuthi isibili esikhulu.
- Iphimbo elincane lakhiwe ithoni eyodwa ephelele kanye ne-semitone eyodwa, okulingana nama-semitones amathathu. Yaziwa nangokuthi isekhondi elincane.
Indlela Yokuqaphela Isikhawu Sethoni
Ukubona isikhawu sethoni akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa kukhona amaqhinga ambalwa angasiza:
- Lalela ibanga phakathi kwamanothi amabili. Uma zizwakala sengathi zihlukene kabili ngesiginci noma okhiye ababili ngokuhlukene ophiyano, kungenzeka kube isikhawu sethoni.
- Buka umculo weshidi. Uma amanothi amabili ehlukene ngezinyathelo ezimbili kubasebenzi, kungenzeka ukuthi isikhawu sethoni.
- Prakthiza! Uma ulalela futhi udlala umculo kakhulu, kuzoba lula ukubona izikhawu zethoni.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwezikhawu Zethoni Emculweni
Izikhawu zethoni zisetshenziswa emculweni ukuze kwakhiwe imiculo nokuvumelana. Angasetshenziselwa ukudala ukungezwani nokukhululwa, kanye nokudala umuzwa wokunyakaza esiqeshini somculo.
fun Iqiniso
Emculweni waseNtshonalanga, isikhawu sethoni sithathwa njengendlela yendawo yonke yokuveza ukulandelana kwezikhawu zomculo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiqephu somculo sikumuphi ukhiye noma iyiphi insimbi edlalwayo, isikhawu sethoni sizohlala sifana.
Ithoni kanye Nekhwalithi Yomsindo
Ikhwalithi yethoni, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-timbre, iwuphawu lomsindo wensimbi yomculo noma izwi. Yikhona okusisiza ukuthi sihlukanise phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhiqizwa komsindo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhwaya yamazwi noma izinsimbi zomculo ezihlukahlukene.
Yini Eyenza Ikhwalithi Yethoni Ihluke?
Ngakho-ke, yini eyenza ikhwalithi yethoni eyodwa izwakale ihluke kwenye? Konke kuza ku-psychoacoustics yekhwalithi yomsindo ecatshangwayo. Ikhwalithi yethoni yensimbi yomculo inqunywa inhlanganisela yezinto, okuhlanganisa:
- Ukuma nosayizi wensimbi
- Izinto ezisetshenziswa ukwenza insimbi
- Indlela insimbi edlalwa ngayo
- Uchungechunge lwe-harmonic lwensimbi
Kungani Ikhwalithi Yethoni Ibalulekile?
Ikhwalithi yethoni iyisici esibalulekile somculo. Kuyasiza ukudala isimo sengqondo nesimo somculo, futhi kungathinta ngisho nokusabela okungokomzwelo komlaleli. Ikhwalithi yethoni yensimbi yomculo ingasiza futhi ekuyihlukaniseni nabanye ehlanganisweni, ikwenze kube lula ukuhlonza izingxenye ngazinye ocushweni lomculo.
Ingachazwa Kanjani Ikhwalithi Yethoni?
Ukuchaza ikhwalithi yethoni kungaba inselele, kodwa kunamagama athile angasetshenziswa ukusiza ukudlulisa izici zomsindo othile. Ezinye izibonelo zihlanganisa:
- Okukhanyayo: Ikhwalithi yethoni ecacile futhi ebukhali
- Ukufudumala: Ikhwalithi yethoni ecebile futhi egcwele
- I-Mellow: Ikhwalithi yethoni ethambile futhi ebushelelezi
- Harsh: Ikhwalithi yethoni enokhahlo futhi engathandeki
Ithini I-Aesthetic Yekhwalithi Yethoni Emculweni?
Ubuhle bekhwalithi yethoni emculweni kumayelana nendlela izimfanelo zethoni ezihlukene ezingahlanganiswa ngayo ukuze kwakhiwe umsindo oyingqayizivele. Abaqambi nabaculi basebenzisa ikhwalithi yethoni ukuze bakhe isimo esithile somculo noma isimo esithile somculo, futhi bangayisebenzisela ukuxoxa indaba noma ukudlulisa umlayezo.
Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwethoni Nephimbo?
Nakuba ikhwalithi yethoni nephimbo kuhlobene, akuyona into efanayo. Iphimbo lisho imvamisa yomsindo, ikalwa nge-hertz, kuyilapho ikhwalithi yethoni ibhekisela kukhwalithi yomsindo ecatshangwayo. Ngamanye amazwi, imisindo emibili ingaba nephimbo elifanayo kodwa izimfanelo zephimbo ezihlukene.
Sekukonke, ikhwalithi yethoni iyisici esibalulekile somculo esiza ukudala umsindo oyingqayizivele wezinsimbi namazwi ahlukene. Ngokuqonda izici ezinomthelela kwikhwalithi yethoni, singabuqonda kangcono ubuhle nobunkimbinkimbi bomculo.
Ithoni Yensimbi Yomculo
Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani isiginci sizwakala sihlukile kunophiyano noma icilongo? Hhayi-ke, konke kumayelana nephimbo. Insimbi yomculo ngayinye inethoni yayo ehlukile, ethonywa izici ezihlukahlukene, njenge:
- Izici zensimbi ngokwayo
- Umehluko kubuchule bokudlala
- Uhlobo lwezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza insimbi
Isibonelo, abadlali be-woodwind nezethusi bangakhiqiza amathoni ahlukene ngokusekelwe ku-embouchure yabo, ngenkathi insimbi enezintambo abadlali bangasebenzisa amasu e-fretting ahlukene noma ama-mallet ukuze bakhe imisindo ehlukene. Ngisho nezinsimbi zomculo ezishaywayo zingakhiqiza izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamathoni ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwe-mallet esetshenzisiwe.
Ukuqonda i-Harmonics nama-Waveforms
Uma insimbi yomculo ikhiqiza umsindo, idala igagasi lomsindo elakhiwe inhlanganisela yamafrikhwensi ahlobene ahlukene, aziwa ngokuthi ama-harmonics. Lawa ma-harmonics ahlangana ndawonye ukuze akhe ithoni ehlukile noma izwi lensimbi.
Imvamisa ephansi kakhulu ivamise ukubusa futhi yilokho esikubona njengephimbo lenothi elidlalwayo. Inhlanganisela yama-harmonics ihlinzeka ngesimo esihlukile ku-waveform, okuyikhona okunikeza insimbi ngayinye umsindo wayo oyingqayizivele.
Isibonelo, upiyano necilongo kokubili kungase kuqukathe inhlanganisela ehlukene yama-harmonics, yingakho kuzwakala kuhlukile ngisho nalapho kudlalwa inothi elifanayo. Ngokufanayo, ukudlala inothi elilodwa kusiginci kungakha ithoni ehlukile ngokuya ngephimbo nezindlela zokudlala.
Iqhaza Le-Technique Ngethoni
Nakuba insimbi ngokwayo idlala indima ebalulekile emsindweni okhiqizwayo, indlela yokwenza nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ithoni. Indlela umculi adlala ngayo insimbi ingathinta umsindo okhiqizwayo, okuhlanganisa izici ezifana nalezi:
- Ingcindezi isetshenziswa entweni
- Ijubane lokudlala
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-vibrato noma eminye imiphumela
Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi ukuba nethuluzi elifanele kubalulekile, kubalulekile futhi ukuthuthukisa indlela enhle yokukhiqiza ithoni oyifunayo.
Khumbula, izinsimbi zomculo ekugcineni zingamathuluzi okuveza, futhi nakuba igiya lingabaluleka, kubalulekile ukungakhohlwa ukushintshashintsha okubalulekile kwento yomuntu.
Umehluko
I-Timbre Vs Umbala Wethoni
Sawubona, bathandi bomculo bakithi! Ake sikhulume ngomehluko phakathi kombala we-timbre nethoni. Manje, ngiyazi ukuthi ucabangani, “Ziyini lezo?” Hhayi-ke ake ngikuhlelele ngendlela ezozwisa nogogo wakho.
I-Timbre iwumsindo oyingqayizivele okhiqizwa insimbi. Kufana nezigxivizo zeminwe, kodwa ngomsindo. Ngakho-ke, uma uzwa isiginci, wazi ukuthi yisiginci ngenxa ye-timbre yaso. Kufana nokuthi isiginci sithi, “Yeyi, yimina, isiginci, futhi ngizwakala kanje!”
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbala wethoni uphathelene nezimfanelo zomsindo. Kufana nobuntu bomsindo. Isibonelo, icilongo lingaveza umbala wethoni ephezulu noma umbala wethoni ethambile. Kunjengokungathi icilongo lithi, “Ngingamemeza futhi ngiziqhenye noma ngithambe futhi ngibe mnandi, noma yini oyidingayo, mntanami!”
Kodwa linda, kukhona okwengeziwe! Umbala wethoni nawo ungajabulisa noma ungathokozisi kakhulu endlebeni. Kufana nokuthi uma umama wakho ecula eshaweni, bese uthi, “Ngicela uyeke, Mama, ulimaza izindlebe zami!” Leso yisibonelo sombala wethoni engathandeki. Kodwa uma u-Adele ecula, futhi uthola ama-goosebumps, lowo mbala wethoni ejabulisayo. Kunjengokungathi umsindo uthi, “Ngimuhle kakhulu, ngingakukhalisa!”
Manje, asikuhlanganise konke. I-Timbre iwumsindo oyingqayizivele wensimbi, futhi umbala wethoni ubuntu nezimfanelo zalowo msindo. Ngakho-ke, lapho uzwa isiginci, wazi ukuthi yisiginci ngenxa ye-timbre yaso, futhi lapho uzwa isiginci sidlala umculo opholile futhi omnandi, wazi ukuthi umbala wethoni emnandi.
Sengiphetha, umbala we-timbre nethoni ufana no-Batman no-Robin, ibhotela lamantongomane nejeli, noma u-Beyonce noJay-Z. Bahamba ndawonye njengama-peas amabili e-pod, futhi ngaphandle kweyodwa, enye ngeke ifane. Ngakho-ke, ngokuzayo lapho ulalela ingoma oyikhonzile, naka umbala we-timbre nethoni, futhi uzomangala ukuthi ungawujabulela kangakanani umculo.
Ithoni Vs Pitch
Ngakho, yini iphimbo? Awu, ngokuyisisekelo ukuphakama noma ukwehla komsindo. Cabanga ngakho njenge-rollercoaster yomculo, enezingoma eziphakeme ezikuyisa phezulu neziphansi ezikulethela phansi ekujuleni kwalasha womculo. Konke kumayelana nemvamisa yomsindo, ngamafrikhwensi aphezulu adala amaphimbo aphezulu namaza aphansi adala amaphimbo aphansi. Easy peasy, akunjalo?
Manje, asiqhubekele kwithoni. Ithoni imayelana nekhwalithi yomsindo. Kufana nombala wothingo lomculo, onamathoni ahlukene adala imithunzi ehlukene nemibala yomsindo. Unamathoni afudumele, amathoni akhanyayo, amathoni anomsindo, ngisho namathoni ahlabayo (ekubuka, Mariah Carey). Ithoni imayelana nomthelela ongokomzwelo womsindo, futhi ingadlulisa imizwa eyahlukene kuye ngephimbo elisetshenzisiwe.
Ngakho-ke, kungani kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwephimbo nephimbo? Okokuqala, ingakusiza ukuthi ugweme ukuzwakala njengesiwula esiyisithulu (akukho cala kunoma yibaphi abantu abayizithulu bangempela laphaya). Awufuni ukucula ingoma enezwi eliphezulu elinethoni ephansi, noma okuphambene nalokho. Konke kumayelana nokuthola ibhalansi efanele phakathi kwephimbo nephimbo ukuze udale ubuciko obuhle bomculo.
Sengiphetha, iphimbo nethoni yizinto ezimbili ezihluke kakhulu emhlabeni womculo. Iphimbo limayelana nokuphakama noma ukwehla komsindo, kuyilapho ithoni imayelana nekhwalithi nomthelela womzwelo womsindo. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho ucula ingoma yakho oyintandokazi, khumbula ukunaka kokubili iphimbo nephimbo ukuze ujabulele ngokugcwele umlingo womculo owenzeka phambi kwezindlebe zakho.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Yini Ethonya Ithoni Yensimbi?
Ngakho-ke, ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yini eyenza insimbi izwakale ngendlela eyenza ngayo? Hhayi-ke, mngane wami, kunenqwaba yezinto ezivelayo. Okokuqala, indlela insimbi eyakhiwe ngayo ingaba nomthelela omkhulu kuthoni yayo. Ukuma kwensimbi, ikakhulukazi i-resonant cavity, kungathinta umsindo eliwukhiqizayo. Futhi masingakhohlwa mayelana nokukhetha kwe-tonewood yomzimba, intamo, ne-fingerboard.
Kodwa akukhona nje mayelana nensimbi ngokwayo. Indlela yomdlali nayo ingaba nomthelela kwithoni. Ukuthi badlala kanzima noma bathambile kangakanani, lapho bebeka khona iminwe yabo, ngisho nokulawula ukuphefumula kwabo konke kungathinta umsindo ophumayo.
Futhi masingakhohlwa ngombala wethoni. Lokhu kubhekisela kuhlamvu oluyingqayizivele lomsindo wensimbi. Yikho okwenza isiginci sizwakale sehluke kwesecilongo, ngisho noma bedlala inothi elifanayo. Umbala wethoni uthonywa yizo zonke izici esesizibalulile, kanye nezinto ezifana nesitayela somdlali ngamunye kanye nohlobo lomculo awudlalayo.
Ngakho, kukhona onakho. Ithoni yensimbi ithonywa yinqwaba yezinto, kusukela ekwakhiweni kuya kumasu kuya kumbala wethoni. Kuyisihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi nesihehayo, kodwa yinye into eqinisekile: uma uzwa ucezu lomculo omnandi, konke kuwufanele.
Ubudlelwano Obubalulekile
Amagagasi omsindo
Sawubona, bathandi bomculo! Ake sikhulume ngamagagasi omsindo nokuthi ahlobana kanjani nephimbo ezinsimbini zomculo. Ungakhathazeki, ngizokugcina kulula kini nonke ongebona ososayensi enikhona.
Ngakho-ke, amaza omsindo ngokuyisisekelo awukudlidliza okuhamba endaweni ephakathi nendawo, njengomoya noma amanzi. Lapho la maza eshaya ezindlebeni zethu, sizwa umsindo. Kodwa uma kukhulunywa ngezinsimbi zomculo, la magagasi yiwona akha amathoni ahlukene esiwazwayo.
Kucabange kanje: uma ukhipha intambo yesiginci, iyadlikiza futhi idale amaza omsindo. Ukuvama kwala maza kunquma ukuphakama kwenothi olizwayo. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlwitha intambo kakhudlwana, idlidliza ngokushesha futhi idale iphimbo eliphezulu. Uma uyikha kancane, idlidliza kancane futhi idale iphimbo eliphansi.
Kodwa akukhona nje ukuthi uhlwitha kangakanani intambo. Ukuma nobukhulu bensimbi nakho kudlala indima ephinjeni elikhiqizwayo. Isibonelo, isiginci esincane sizoba nethoni ekhanyayo, ene-treble-heavy, kuyilapho isiginci esikhulu sizoba nethoni ejulile, ene-bass-heavy.
Futhi masingakhohlwa mayelana nokokusebenza insimbi eyenziwe ngayo. Izinto ezihlukile zingathinta ithoni futhi. Isiginci sokhuni sizoba nethoni efudumele, engokwemvelo, kuyilapho isiginci sensimbi sizoba nethoni ebukhali, eyinsimbi.
Isiphetho
Ithoni iyisici esiyinkimbinkimbi nesizimele sezinsimbi zomculo esingakwazi ukuchazwa kalula. Iwumkhiqizo wawo wonke amathonya kulokho okungazwiwa umlaleli, okuhlanganisa izici zensimbi ngokwayo, umehluko endleleni yokudlala, ngisho nama-acoustics egumbi. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukuzama futhi uthole ithoni yakho eyingqayizivele!
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
