I-Telescoping iyindlela yokuhlela ulwazi olubandakanya ukuhlukanisa ngokuhlelekile izihloko ezinkulu nemicabango ibe izindlela ezimfushane, ezihlelekile zokuxhumana.
Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlela izihloko nemibono eyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba ivumela ukuba zivezwe ngendlela eqondakalayo, eqondile.
Le ndatshana ihlose ukuchaza izinto eziyisisekelo ze-telescoping, okuhlanganisa incazelo yayo, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Incazelo yeTelescoping
I-Telescoping iyindlela yokuhlela okuqukethwe okusebenza ngendlela yokulandelana, ngezinga ngalinye lemininingwane emele ileveli yangaphambilini ngendlela efingqiwe. Kuwusizo ekufingqeni okubalulekile okuphathelene nobunkimbinkimbi, noma ukuvumela abafundi ukuthi babambe ngokushesha okubalulekile okuthathwe esihlokweni ngaphandle kokungena kuyo yonke imininingwane kuqala. Ukukubeka kalula, i-telescoping ikuvumela ukuthi usuke ekubukeni okubanzi futhi kancane kancane uvule imininingwane eyengeziwe njengoba wehla uze ufinyelele imininingwane ethile ngezansi.
Le ndlela yokufingqa okuqukethwe ayikhawulelwe kunoma yimuphi umkhakha owodwa - ingasetshenziswa emikhakheni efana nobuntatheli, ukubhala kwebhizinisi kanye nemibhalo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamasu e-telescoping angasetshenziswa kuye ngokuthi asetshenziswa muphi umongo:
-Izibonakude zolimi
-I-Telescoping esebenzayo
-Izibonakude Eziphezulu/Ezansi
-I-telescoping yendima
-Isihloko se-Telescoping
-I-Pyramid Telescoping eguquliwe
Umlando We-Telescoping
I-Telescoping iyindlela esetshenziselwa ukufingqa okuqukethwe kube amagama ambalwa. Isetshenziswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene emkhakheni wezibalo, optics, izincwadi kanye nobuntatheli. Ukusetshenziswa kwakuqala kwe-telescoping kungalandelelwa emuva eGreece naseShayina yasendulo lapho yayisetshenziswa khona ukuchaza izilinganiso zezinkanyezi. EYurophu phakathi nekhulu le-18, u-Johann Zahn wenza amadivaysi e-telescopic asekelwe kumalensi enziwe ngengilazi yomqhele. Lobu buchwepheshe kamuva bathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo nguJoseph Fraunhofer ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.
Ezikhathini zanamuhla, ababhali nezintatheli bamukele i-telescoping njengendlela yokufingqa izihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi zibe izifinyezo nezifinyezo eziqondakala kakhudlwana. Isibonelo, amaphepha esayensi afaka phakathi izifinyezo ezisebenza njengesifinyezo samaphuzu asemqoka ephepha; Izinkulumo zikamongameli ngezinye izikhathi zihlanganisa amaphuzu avelele anezinhlamvu ekugcineni afingqa inkulumo; futhi izindatshana zezindaba zivame ukuba nezifinyezo zomusho owodwa wezindaba zazo ekuqaleni noma ekugcineni. Ekugcineni, izibonakude zinikeza indlela elula yokuthi abafundi noma abalaleli bakhiphe ngokushesha ulwazi oluphusile ezincazelweni ezinde noma ezinkulumweni ngaphandle kokuthi balufunde noma balulalele lonke luphelele.
Izinhlobo zeTelescoping
I-telescoping iyindlela enhle kakhulu yokwelula ukufinyelela kwesibonakude sakho futhi ukhulise ukubuka kwakho kwesibhakabhaka ebusuku. I-Telescoping igama lesambulela elihlanganisa uhla lwezinhlobo zetheleskopu, okuhlanganisa izibonakude eziphindaphindayo, ezibonisayo, kanye nezibonakude ze-catadioptric. Uhlobo ngalunye lwesibonakude lunikeza izinzuzo zalo kanye nezithiyo kuye ngokuthi uhlela ukuzisebenzisa kanjani. Ake sibheke izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-telescoping nezici zazo ezizihlukanisayo.
I-Manual Telescoping
I-Manual Telescoping iwuhlobo lwe-telescoping ebandakanya ama-telescopic kanye/noma ama-rods alungisekayo okufanele anwetshwe ngokomzimba futhi afinyezwe ngesandla. Lokhu kungafaka nezintambo noma izintambo ezisetshenziswa ngesandla ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela ofanayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-telescoping eyenziwa ngesandla - isandiso esigcwele kanye nezilungiselelo ezilungisekayo. Imiklamo enwetshiwe egcwele isebenzisa izinti eziningi ezinwebeka ukusuka esigxotsheni esimaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle ngendlela eyisilinda, ukuya emaphethelweni womabili wenkundla yokubuka yomsebenzisi. Ukucushwa okulungisekayo kuvame ukubandakanya izikhonkwane zensimbi ezimbalwa ezinganyakaziswa, okuvumela ubude obuhlukahlukene ukuba buzuzwe ngohlelo lweshubhu olufanayo.
I-Manual Telescoping ivumela ukulawula okukhulu lapho udinga ukunweba isibonakude ngokuqhubekayo, noma ushintshe usayizi wayo ngokushesha phakathi kokukhulisa noma osayizi abahlukahlukene. Itheleskopu eyenziwa mathupha ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ama-binoculars, izikophu zokubona kanye nezibonakude zokuzilibazisa eziklanyelwe ukubuka umhlaba, ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, isisindo esilula kanye nokubumbana kwazo lapho zigoqeka kubude bazo bokuphumula noma ngisho zihlehliselwa kuzo ngokuphelele. Isetshenziswe kuma-optics asezingeni eliphezulu, anezinto eziningi kanye nakuma-optics aqhutshwa ngekhebula lebanga lomthengi anamashubhu e-aluminium anikeza ukuguquguquka okuphakeme ngezindleko eziphansi kunezinguqulo zensimbi yonke.
I-Motorized Telescoping
I-telescoping enenjini idumile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ukusebenza okwenziwa ngesandla kungenzeki noma kulunge. Amasistimu weshubhu ye-telescoping enezithuthuthu asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko kuzilungiselelo zezimboni, ezentengiselwano, nezezimoto ezinhlelweni eziningi. Ama-motor, angaba ngogesi noma awe-hydraulic, aklanyelwe ukuthi aphushe futhi adonse izindlu zamashubhu ezinde. Amamotho kagesi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngaphakathi endlini njengezingxenye zezinhlelo zemishini ezishintshayo. Ama-hydraulic motors avame ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle ngoba ahlala isikhathi eside futhi adinga ukulungiswa okuncane kunamamotho kagesi.
Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zezibonakude ezisebenza ngodizili ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlelo oluthile. Amasistimu amaningi we-telescoping enenjini aqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: isistimu ye-actuation enika amandla umshini kanye nesilawuli esilawula ukunyakaza kwezindlu zamashubhu ebonakude (okungase kuqukathe izingxenye eziqinile noma ezingenalutho). Ukuze kube lula ubunkimbinkimbi obuhlobene nokwelula noma ukuhoxisa lawa mashubhu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-actuator elawulwa ngekhompuyutha esiza ukusebenza okushelelayo nokunembayo okunesikhathi esincane sokusetha esidingwa abasebenzisi. Ukwengeza, izindawo zokufinyelela ezibekwe emaphethelweni ahlukene eshubhu angavumela abasebenzisi abaningi ukunweba ngesikhathi esisodwa uma kudingeka. Iyunithi yokushayela esebenza ngamandla inikezela ngokulawula okugcwele kokupha ngaso sonke isikhathi kusukela ekuqaleni, ekumisweni, nasekuhleleni yonke imiyalo phakathi nesikhathi sokusebenza esidingwa yinoma yiluphi uhlelo olunikeziwe.
Izinzuzo Ze-Telescoping
I-Telescoping iyithuluzi elinamandla elisetshenziswa abathwebuli bezinkanyezi ukuze bathwebule izithombe ezimangalisayo zesibhakabhaka ebusuku. Inikeza amandla aphezulu okukhulisa, inkambu ekhulisiwe yokubuka nokuphatheka okwenza kube ukukhetha okuncanyelwayo kwabathwebuli bezinkanyezi abangayizimfunda nochwepheshe ngokufanayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka izinzuzo ezinganikezwa i-telescoping, kusukela ekuthwebuleni izinto ezibuthakathaka kuya ezithombeni zenkundla ebanzi.
Ukufinyelela Okukhulisiwe
I-Telescoping iwuhlelo lokunweba noma lokubhidliza into ukuze ithathe indawo encane uma ingasetshenziswa. I-Telescoping ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa izitebhisi, izimpondo, izigxobo zefulegi nezinye izinto ezinde. I-telescoping ingaphinda itholakale ezinhlelweni zobunjiniyela bemishini ezifana nesibonelo ukusebenzisa ama-spindle ashintshayo kumathuluzi omshini.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-telescoping ukwanda kokufinyelela. Ngokwelula ubude bento ngesistimu ye-telescoping, ukufinyelela okwengeziwe kungafinyelelwa ngenkathi kugcinwa usayizi ohlangene lapho ingasetshenziswa. Lokhu kwenza izinto zibe lula ukuzigcina nokuthutha njengoba zingadingi indawo eningi uma zingasetshenziswa. I-telescoping ivamise ukusetshenziselwa izitebhisi ukuze zinikeze ukufinyelela okwengeziwe kodwa ezinosayizi olawulekayo uma zigcinwe kude noma zithuthwa zisuka endaweni eyodwa ziyiswa kwenye. Ama-antenna ngokuvamile anezigaba ezimbalwa ezinganwetshwa futhi zidilizwe, zinikeze ukusebenza okukhulu ngenkathi ziwagcina emancane ngokwanele ukuba abekwe kalula odongeni noma ophahleni lwefasitela lapho engasetshenziswa.
Ukuphepha Okuthuthukisiwe
I-telescoping inweba ukuphakama kweladi, ngokuvamile ifinyelele kabili ubude bayo obuvamile. Izitebhisi ze-telescoping zinikeza ukuphepha nokufinyeleleka okwengeziwe. Lolu hlobo lwesitebhisi lukuvumela ukuthi usebenze ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu kuyilapho ugcina ukuzinza nokuvikeleka okuhlinzekwa iledi elivamile. Izitebhisi ze-telescoping ziklanywe ngendlela yokukhiya evimbela izigaba ukuthi zingawi lapho zisetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umklamo we-telescoping udinga indawo yokugcina encane kunesitebhisi sendabuko, okwenza kube yisixazululo esifanelekile kubanikazi bezindlu abanegumbi elilinganiselwe lokugcina egaraji noma ishede labo. Ukwengeza, isifiso sokufinyelela okukhulu ngokuvamile sidlula ukukhathazeka mayelana nesisindo nobukhulu; izinto ezisetshenziswa namuhla zivame ukuba lula kakhulu futhi kulula ukusebenza.
Ukwenyuka kwe-Versatility
I-Telescoping inikezela ngenani lezinzuzo uma kuqhathaniswa namathuluzi obude obugxilile bendabuko. Inzuzo yokuqala nenkulu ukuguquguquka okuthuthukisiwe. I-Telescoping iphumelela lokhu ngokuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balungise ubude bethuluzi lemisebenzi eyahlukene. Ngokulungisa ubude, abasebenzisi bangafinyelela izindawo okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo futhi benze imisebenzi engenzeki ngethuluzi elilodwa lobude.
Amathuluzi e-telescoping angasiza futhi abasebenzisi bonge isikhathi njengoba bengakwazi ukushintsha ngokushesha ubude bamathuluzi abo njengoba beqeda imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Ukwengeza, amathuluzi e-telescoping anomnotho omningi kakhulu wendawo njengoba adinga isitoreji esincane ngenxa yobukhulu bawo kanye nemvelo elungisekayo. Lokhu kubenza balungele ochwepheshe abasebenza ezindaweni eziqinile futhi abanomthamo olinganiselwe wokugcina. Okokugcina, amathuluzi e-telescoping aphinde anikeze abasebenzisi ukunemba okuthuthukisiwe njengoba ubude obude buvumela ukusetshenziswa okungcono kwamandla kunezinto ezisetshenziswayo zobude obugxilile, okuholela ekunembeni okungcono nokunemba ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
Izicelo ze-Telescoping
I-Telescoping iyithuluzi elibalulekile lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zezibalo, isayensi yezinkanyezi kanye ne-physics. I-telescoping ingasetshenziswa ukuxazulula izibalo, ukubuka izinto ezikude, nokufunda ukunyakaza kwezinhlayiya noma amagagasi. Kulesi sihloko, sizodingida ezinye zezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-telescoping, nokuthi zingasetshenziswa kanjani ukwenza izibalo zibe lula futhi zithole imininingwane emisha.
Ukwakhiwa
I-Telescoping uhlelo lokusebenza oluguquguqukayo olusebenzela izimboni eziningi. Embonini yezokwakha, i-telescoping isetshenziselwa ukuvikela nokulungisa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene, izingxenye namathuluzi. I-telescoping ingakwazi ukuzinzisa izinto eziqondile njengezigxobo zescaffold nezinto ezikhanyayo, ezihlinzeka ngezimo zokusebenza eziphephile endaweni. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukusekela ngokuvikelekile okubalulekile, ukusiza ukudala imiphumela emihle kumkhiqizo oqediwe. Ama-sawhorse alungisekayo, isibonelo, angasiza ukusheshisa inqubo yokufaka amafreyimu ngokususa izinyathelo ezingadingekile lapho usaha ukhuni noma izinto zeshidi lokusika nge-engeli.
Ekukhiqizeni nasekufakeni izicelo zokushisela, amashubhu e-telescopic nawo ayasebenza. Amashubhu e-telescopic angasebenza njengesiqondiso noma umkhono wokugcina izingcezu zemishini ziqondaniswe kahle ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa. I-Telescoping iphinde isetshenziswe kubuchwepheshe be-robotic, lapho izingalo zerobhothi zidinga ukusekelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunyakaza okunembayo okunemba okuphindaphindwayo esikhathini eside. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zobunjiniyela bezimoto njengamasistimu okuphakamisa izimoto nezitendi zokudlulisa, i-telescoping iba ibalulekile ukuze uhambise izingxenye ezisindayo ngendlela enokwethenjelwa ngaphandle kokuzilimaza ngenkathi usendleleni noma ukugcinwa.
Industrial
I-Telescoping inohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuzilungiselelo zezimboni. Kusukela ekusekelweni kwemishini kuya ezindongeni zamashelufu ezilungisekayo, izingxenye zetelescoping zihamba phambili kubunjiniyela bemboni kanye nomklamo. Izingxenye zomshini namadivayisi emishini ngokuvamile zisebenzisa i-telescoping ukwengeza ukuzinza, ukunemba, noma isilawuli sokunyakaza esakhiweni. I-telescoping ingahlinzeka ngokulungiswa okulula nokuthembekile kwemishini, amatafula, izingalo eziyimishini kanye nemiklamo yerobhothi. I-Telescoping iphinde isetshenziselwe izinhlelo ze-HVAC zezimboni (ukushisa, ukungena komoya, kanye nezimo zomoya). Izisekelo ze-telescoping zingasiza kakhulu ekunikezeni isandiso esilungisekayo ezindaweni ezivalekile ezinobude obuhlukahlukene noma ububanzi obufana nezindawo zokugcina izimpahla noma izimboni. Ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ze-telescopic kunezinhlobo eziningi zezingcezu ezingalungiseki zingangena ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kuyilapho zigcina ubuqotho besakhiwo. Ama-boom e-telescopic avame ukutholakala emisebenzini yokuphakamisa izinto ngenxa yomthamo wawo wokufinyelela isikhathi eside lapho isikhala silinganiselwe njengamakheshi lapho ama-boom lifts angeke alingane ngokugcwele ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelwe ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha.
Ezokuzijabulisa
I-Telescoping isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezokuzijabulisa ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Amakhamera we-telescoping avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthwebula izithombe ezisuka kuma-engeli angavamile nokuphakama okungafinyeleleki kubadlali abangabantu, okubavumela ukuthi babonakale behlangene kakhudlwana esigcawini ngokwandisa imibono yekhamera. Amakhonsathi e-telescoping afakwe amakhamera angase futhi abekwe ezimotweni ukuze kuqoshwe izigcawu ezihambayo noma ukukhiqiza amashothi asemoyeni ahlukile. Isibonelo salokhu kulapho izibonakude zithwalwa ngama-drones, okuvumela abaqondisi ukuthi basebenzise izithombe ezinkulu ezibonisa indawo noma izici ezivelele zedolobha kuyilapho begcina abasebenzi babo bephephile uma kuqhathaniswa ezindaweni eziphakeme noma ezindaweni eziyingozi. Izibonakude zingalungiswa kuma-tripods ukuze kuhlinzekwe izithombe eziqinile nezishelelayo kunamakhamera aphathwayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-telescoping obutholakala kuma-cranes busebenza njengengalo enwetshiwe ekwazi ukuhamba phansi emigwaqweni emincane nezikhala ezinyinyekile ngenkathi inikeza uhla lokunyakaza okulawulwa ukuziphatha ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ukushaqeka-okunikeza abenzi befilimu ukulawula kokudala okwengeziwe kokugeleza komsebenzi wokukhiqiza. Ama-Risers, ngakolunye uhlangothi, anikezela ngokuphakama okubalulekile kobude futhi ngenxa yalokho athuthukisiwe imigqa yokubona ngesikhathi sokuqoshwa ngenxa yamandla azo okuphonsa emoyeni nokuphakama okukhulu kokufinyelela (kufika kumafidi angama-40). Zonke lezi zixazululo zenza kube lula kubaqondisi kanye nabathwebuli bezithombe zesinema bathole izithombe ezizinzile ngokusondelana kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Isiphetho
I-Telescoping intuthuko ebalulekile yezobuchwepheshe eye yasiza izibonakude ukuba zithwebule ezinye zezithombe ezinemininingwane ebabazekayo zemithala ekude namaplanethi. Izibonakude zingasetshenziswa ezimweni ezehlukene, kusukela ekuthwebuleni izinkanyezi kuya emsebenzini wokuzilibazisa. I-Telescoping isivumela ukuthi sinwebe ukufinyelela kombono wethu, isinike ithuba lokuhlola nokuthola ama-expanse angenamkhawulo womkhathi wethu.
I-Telescoping iwusizo emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi futhi ingasiza ekunikezeni izimpendulo mayelana nezimfihlakalo ezihlobene ne-astronomy, i-physics nezinye izindawo zesayensi. Naphezu kokuthandwa kwayo okukhulayo, kusabalulekile ukuthi ababuka izinkanyezi bahloniphe imithetho yendawo ngaphambi kokuphuma ebusuku ngesibonakhulu. Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha njengokugqoka izingubo ezibonakala kakhulu uma ubuka izinkanyezi ebusuku kubalulekile ukuze ugweme izingozi noma izingozi ezingaba khona.
Sekukonke, ukuhlola izibonakude kusondeza isintu sanamuhla eduze nendikimba yasezulwini ekude kunanini ngaphambili; inikeza imininingwane emisha ngendawo yonke edalula izimfihlo zayo ezihehayo lapho singakwazi ukufinyelela khona kusinika ithuba 'lokubheka' ekujuleni emkhathini okusinikeza umbono oyingqayizivele walokho okulele phandle lapho kufihlwe endaweni evundile yezinkanyezi ezigubuzele ebumnyameni obungapheli...
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
