U-Hoshino Gakki ungumnikazi we- ibanez isiginci kanye Tama izigubhu amagama brand. Ingomunye wabakhiqizi abahamba phambili emhlabeni bezinsimbi zomculo, izesekeli, neminye imikhiqizo ehlobene nomculo.
Le nkampani yasungulwa ngo-1908 nguTatsujiro Hoshino, inkampani ibe neqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemfundo yomculo, ukuthuthukiswa kwesiko lomculo elidumile, kanye nokulondolozwa kwezinsimbi zomdabu zaseJapane.
I-Hoshino Gakki ikhiqiza izinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi, okuhlanganisa iziginci ze-acoustic nezikagesi, amabhesi, ukulele, ama-mandolin, ama-accordion, izigubhu nokunye.
Ukwengeza, benza izesekeli ezifana nezintambo noma ama-capos ukuthuthukisa umuzwa wakho wokudlala.
Njengomsabalalisi omkhulu eJapan nasezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle njengeYurophu neNyakatho Melika, uHoshino Gakki wenze uphawu lwakhe ngokwethula ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nemikhiqizo ephambili eye yasiza ekulolongeni isiko lomculo lesimanje.
Isibonelo, enye yemikhiqizo ka-Hoshino Gakki - i-Ibanez - inikezwe udumo ngokukhotha kwesiginci se-rock-ism yesimanje. Uhlu lwabo olunamandla lwamamodeli wesigingci sase-Ibanez kanye nochungechunge lwesiginesha oluvunywe abaculi bomculo abadumile bavikele indawo yabo kusiko le-rock yesimanje amashumi eminyaka. U-Hoshino Gakki uphinde wathola izinhlobo ezidumile ezifana Roland (i-synthesizer), i-Greco (iziginci) kanye no-Framus (iziginci) ukuze baqhubeke nokwandisa ububanzi babo emikhakheni eyahlukene ehlobene nokukhiqizwa komsindo okubenza babe yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yezikhali zabaculi emhlabeni wonke namuhla!
Isiqalo sokuphila
U-Hoshino Gakki wazalelwa eTokyo, eJapane ngo-1840. Wayeyindodana yomndeni ocebile womthengisi. Esemusha, uGakki waqeqeshelwa ithiyori yomculo, ukuqamba nokudlala i- shamisen. Kusukela esemncane, wabonisa ikhono elikhulu lomculo futhi umndeni wakhe wawukhuthaza izifiso zakhe. Ngo-1866, wavula iHoshino Gakki, isitolo somculo eTokyo. Kulapha lapho ayezozakhela khona igama futhi abe nethonya elikhulu embonini yomculo yaseJapane.
Background
U-Hoshino Gakki wazalwa ngoJulayi 14, 1862 esifundeni saseNaniwa sase-Osaka, eJapane. Esemusha wathuthela e-Tokyo eyophishekela umsebenzi embonini yomculo esafufusa njengomthengisi womculo nomshicileli. Ngokushesha wazisungula futhi wasungula isitolo sakhe somculo. Ibhizinisi lakhe lokuqala ekukhiqizeni izinsimbi lalidala ama-taturas anamabhodi e-fret aphrintiwe, awathengisa kulo lonke elaseJapan. U-Gakki uphinde washicilela imisebenzi eyahlukene yomculo wendabuko wase-Japan njengomculo we-koto no-shamisen, edala enye yezinkampani zokuqala zokushicilelwa komculo e-Japan.
Kusukela kulezi ziqalo ezithobekile, u-Hoshino Gakki uzoba omunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekukhiqizweni kwezinsimbi zomculo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Uzoqhubeka nokubeka isisekelo salokho okwaba ngenye yezinkampani ezinkulu zezinsimbi zomculo zase-Japan namuhla: i-Hoshino Gakki Co., Ltd., eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Ibanez Guitars.
Imfundo
U-Hoshino Gakki wazalwa ngoDisemba 8, 1878 e-Chiba Prefecture eJapane. Uyise wayephethe isitolo sewashi newashi, okwanikeza isisekelo sentshiseko kaHoshino yokuphila konke ngobunjiniyela obunembayo nomsebenzi womshini.
UHoshino wayenemfundo eyingqayizivele ngalezo zikhathi, ehlanganisa iminyaka eminingana yesikole samabanga aphansi eChiba, elandelwa iminyaka emibili esikoleni sethempeli leZen Buddhist eKiryū, eGunma. Ngalesi sikhathi wathuthukisa intshisekelo yakhe nekhono lakhe kwezobuciko nomculo. U-Hoshino wayaziwa futhi ngokuthanda ukwenza izinsimbi zobuciko esebenzisa amathuluzi esitolo samawashi sikayise - ngobuciko obunjalo obumenza ahlonishwe njengomculi wengane eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala.
U-Hoshino washiya isikole eneminyaka engu-16 futhi wasebenza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuzama ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe njengomenzi wezinsimbi zomculo. Ufunde ngaphansi kwe-Masters ye-Suzuki Musical Instrument Manufacturing Company (eyagcina isingomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu bezinsimbi zomculo) futhi wathuthukisa amakhono akhe okwenza izinkuni. Ngemva kwalolu hlelo lokufunda, u-Hoshino uqhubekile nokuba ngumsunguli wobuciko besiginci ngemva kokuqala ukulungisa ama-violin kumakhasimende endawo ngaphambi kokuba amise ama-workshop lapho ayengakhiqiza khona imiklamo yakhe yesiginci kusukela ekuqaleni.
Career
U-Hoshino Gakki wayengumsunguli weqiniso embonini yomculo. Akagcinanga nje ngokuba ngumongameli ongumsunguli wenkampani esiphenduke uphawu lwezinga lomculo nokuqamba izinto ezintsha, ubephinde abe ngumculi uqobo lwakhe. Ngobuciko bakhe, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenkampani, uHoshino Gakki usephenduke igama elaziwa ngabaculi nabalandeli bomculo ngokufanayo. Ake sibhekisise umsebenzi wakhe kanye nomthelela wakhe embonini yomculo.
Umsebenzi Wokuqala
UKinnosuke Gakki, owaziwa kangcono ngelikaHoshino Gakki, usedume ngazo zombili izinsimbi zomculo nomkhakha womculo kulandela umsebenzi wakhe omude eJapan. Wazalwa ngoMeyi 16, 1933, uHoshino wasungula lokho namuhla okungenye yezinhlobo zezinsimbi zomculo ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe, u-Hoshino wasebenza njengomphathi we-warehouse kulokho okwakuzogcina kube yisakhiwo sodumo i-Nippon Gakki Co. Ltd., umkhiqizi we-Yamaha Musical Instruments. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-Hoshino yaba nesandla ekushintsheni i-acoustic evamile eyenziwe ngamapulangwe kuya kwezisetshenziswa zikagesi zesimanje. Ekugcineni eshiya u-Nippon Gakki ngo-1955 ukuze aphishekele izifiso zakhe, wasungula lokho manje okwaziwa ngokuthi 'Hoshino Gakki'.
UHoshino ekuqaleni wakhiqiza izinsimbi zomculo zaseJapane zezinga labafundi ezifana ne-shamisen (isiginci samaJapane esinezintambo ezintathu) kanye ne-taishōgoto (i-zither ehlutshiwe), kodwa ehlanganiswe no-Koichi Sugimoto (omunye wabaklami bezinsimbi zomculo abahamba phambili e-Japan) washintsha ngokushesha imboni ngokuqalisa isiginci se-bass sika-'Höfner' esiyisakhiwo sodumo - okugqugquzela igagasi lokuqala lokuqanjwa kabusha kwe-bass eligxile edolobheni labo laseNagoya, e-Japan.
Hoshino Gakki
UHoshino Gakki ungumkhiqizi wezinsimbi zomculo ozinze eJapan. Yasungulwa ngo-1908, ingenye yezinkampani ezindala kunazo zonke e-Japan ezisesebhizinisini. Yaziwa kakhulu ngokwenza iziginci ze-acoustic nezikagesi, kanye nezigubhu nezinye izinto zomculo.
UHoshino Gakki unenqwaba yemisebenzi etholakalayo yabaculi nonjiniyela bemisindo. Le nkampani inochwepheshe bepiyano abalungisa futhi babuyisele amapiyano ukuze akhonze amakhasimende kangcono, ama-luthier asebenza ukwenza izinsimbi zomculo ezinjengeziginci namandolin, onjiniyela bomsindo abaklama futhi bafake izinhlelo zokuqinisa imisindo ukuze kudlalwa bukhoma, kanye nochwepheshe bokubukwayo okulalelwayo abasebenza ngokukhethekile ekukhanyeni. ubuchwepheshe bemibukiso ebukhoma.
U-Hoshino Gakki uphinde aqashe uchwepheshe wesigingci ukuthi asungule amakhasimende iziginci ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-acoustic noma zikagesi. Kukhona nezindima zokuphatha ezifana nezinduku zokumaketha noma abasebenzi bokuthengisa abasiza inkampani ukuthi ichume ngemibono yabo yokudala noma banikeze izinsiza zokweseka kumakhasimende. Okokugcina, kukhona ochwepheshe bezemfundo yomculo enkampanini abafundisa izifundo ngethiyori yomculo, banikeze isiqondiso sokuthi zidlalwa kanjani izinsimbi ngendlela efanele noma ngisho nezinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi ezikhuthaza abaculi abasafufusa ukuba baphishekele umsebenzi wokwenza umculo no-Hoshino Gakki.
Umthelela Emculweni
U-Hoshino Gakki waziwa ngokuba nomthelela omkhulu embonini yomculo. Wayengumuntu obalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komculo wesimanje waseJapane futhi ithonya lakhe lingazwakala namuhla ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezahlukene. Inkampani ayisungula, i-Hoshino Gakki, ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu ezidayisa umculo emhlabeni, kanye nenye yezinkampani ezinkulu ezikhiqiza isiginci. Uphinde wathuthukisa uchungechunge lweziginci zeFender Japan. Ake sihlolisise umthelela u-Hoshino Gakki abe nawo emculweni.
Iminikelo Yokwenza Isiginci
U-Hoshino Gakki, umsunguli weziginci ze-Ibanez, wayengumsunguli omkhulu nosomabhizinisi owaklama kabusha isiginci sesimanje, esiza ekulolongeni umsindo nesitayela saso. Umbono wakhe wokuvelela wakha imboni yonke eyashintsha indlela umculo owawenziwa futhi wawuthokozelwa ngayo.
Ngo-1908 uHoshino Gakki wasungula isitolo sezinsimbi zomculo esibizwa ngokuthi iHoshino Shoten eNagoya, eJapane. Ngalesi sikhathi, wayeqaphele ukuthi iziginci ezisezingeni eliphakeme zazingeniswa zivela eYurophu futhi wayefuna ukwenza insimbi engcono yabashaya isiginci baseJapane. Ukuze enze lokhu wathuthukela ezintweni ezikhona zokuklama isiginci ngenkathi futhi ethula izinto ezintsha enqubweni yakhe yokukhiqiza njengezingxenye ze-nickel nezinhlobo ezikhethekile zokhuni njenge-mahogany.
Esebenzisa lezi zinto kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokwakha ezifana nokusebenzisa i-veneer yokhuni ukucaba izinhlangothi, ukuqinisa izinti ze-truss, ukwakha ama-pickup ngqo ebhodini lomsindo noma ehlangene entanyeni njll., u-Gakki uthuthukise kakhulu ukuqina kuwo wonke amamodeli akhe ngaphandle kokudela isitayela noma ikhwalithi yomsindo. . Ngokukhiqiza amathuluzi anezakhi ezingasindi kodwa eziqinile u-Gakki wenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthi izitayela zokudlala ezisindayo zihlolwe ngaphandle kokwesaba ukonakala okuvela ezinkingeni zokubhodla noma zokugoba intamo ebezivame ukuhlupha amathuluzi esitayela esidala esikhathini esidlule.
Ukuhlola okujulile nokuhlola okunikwe amandla yimisebenzi yakhe emisha kwenze abenzi bomculo bakwazi ukungena ezindaweni ezingakasetshenziswa njengomculo we-rock owawukade uyindawo engaziwa yabashaya isiginci emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphezu kokwenza umkhiqizo osezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokuletha izinto ezintsha unyaka nonyaka; U-Gakki wakha umbuso eduze komkhiqizo wakhe ngokuqhubekayo ethula amamodeli we-X anezici ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ama-tremolos noma amabhuloho aphakeme anezibambo ezigobile; izincomo zamaciko; ukuhlola izimo zomzimba; ubuchwepheshe bamandla njenge-Graphite composite necks namabhuloho njll.; U-Hoshino Gakki uguqule kokubili isimo somlando womculo kanye nomqondo wethu walokho okungenzeka uma uqhamuka nemiklamo yeziginci namuhla!
Okusungulwe Ezinsimbi Zomculo
U-Hoshino Gakki ungumkhiqizi wezinsimbi zomculo wase-Japan ophethwe umndeni owaqala ngasekupheleni kwawo-1800. Yize baziwa kakhulu ngokudayisa izigubhu, baphinde bangena kwezinye izinsimbi, njengeziginci namakhibhodi. Le nkampani isingomunye wabahlinzeki abakhulu bezinsimbi zomculo emhlabeni wonke—eyaziwa ikakhulukazi ngokukhiqiza nokuklama kwayo amakhithi ezigubhu ezinomsindo nezigingci zikagesi. U-Hoshino Gakki ube nezinto ezintsha ezihlukile ezibe nomthelela endleleni abaculi abadlala ngayo izinsimbi zabo namuhla.
Pianicas
U-Hoshino Gakki ube inkampani yokuqala ukwethula ithuluzi eliyingqayizivele elaziwa ngokuthi 'i-Pianica'—empeleni ikhibhodi yohlobo lwe-accordion enophondo olunamathiselwe. Le nsimbi yomculo ngokushesha yaduma kubaculi abangochwepheshe nabasafufusa ngenxa yokuphatheka kwayo nokufinyeleleka kwayo. I-Pianica nayo bekulula ukuyifunda kwabaqalayo, okuphinde kwakhulisa ukufinyelela kwayo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zabadlali.
I-Ibanez Guitars & Amabhesi
Selokhu yasungulwa nguHoshino ngo-1929, i-Ibanez isithuthuke yaba ngomunye wabakhiqizi beziginci abaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Lo mkhiqizo waziwa kahle ngokuhlinzeka ngeziginci zesitayela se-heavy-metal ezinesisindo esilula kodwa ezisenekhwalithi yomsindo omuhle - okuzenza zidume kakhulu phakathi kwezihlabani ze-rock kusukela ngo-1980 kuya phambili. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isequkethe imiklamo yakudala yeminyaka engu-30 edlule, i-Ibanez isaqhubeka nokusungula izimo ezintsha, ama-pickup nezici ezengezwa unyaka ngamunye—okuyisiza ukuthi ihlale ihamba phambili emiklamo yesimanje yesiginci.
Namuhla, i-Ibanez isaqhubeka nokuba nezinguquko; abaculi abaningi besimanje ababeka ukholo lwabo kulo mkhiqizo bahlanganisa u-Joe Satriani, uSteve Vai no-Paul Gilbert - bonke abashaya isiginci abadumile abadlala iziginci ezimangalisayo bethonywe umbono omusha ka-Hoshino Gakki emuva ngo-1929!
Legacy
U-Hoshino Gakki, umsunguli womthengisi wezinsimbi zomculo odumile, ushiye ifa elihlala njalo emhlabeni womculo. Uthinte izigidi zezimpilo ngokunikeza ukufinyelela kumathuluzi ekhwalithi ephezulu kulabo okungenzeka abakwazanga ukufinyelela ngenye indlela. Waguqula indlela umculo owawufundiswa, uthuthukiswa futhi ukhiqizwa ngayo, washiya uphawu oluhlala njalo embonini. Ake sibhekisise impilo nomsebenzi wakhe nokuthi kube nomthelela kanjani embonini yomculo namuhla.
Ifa likaHoshino Gakki Emculweni
U-Hoshino Gakki ungomunye wabantu abanethonya kakhulu embonini yezinsimbi zomculo futhi ifa lakhe lisasekhona nanamuhla. Wajoyina u-Hoshino Shoten, umthengisi, ngo-1889 futhi ngokushesha waqala ukukhiqiza izinsimbi zomculo - waba omunye wabakhiqizi abavelele beziginci, izigubhu nezinye izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo. Kusukela ngo-1945, uHoshino waqala ukuthumela iziginci zesiginesha: I-Gibson yayiphethe uhlobo lwe-Ibanez.
Lesi sinyathelo siholele ekushintsheni okukhulu kukho kokubili ukwakheka kanye nekhwalithi yomsindo - ukuwasungula njengomholi phakathi kwabanye abenzi besiginci. Lokhu kuphinde kwaholela ekwakhiweni kwabo kwangaphakathi okufana nama-pickups e-IBZ (asasetshenziswa nanamuhla). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bakhiphe amamodeli ayizigidi ezimbalwa alezi zinsimbi ezihluka kusuka kumamodeli kagesi ukuya kuma-acoustic ahambisana nezinhlobonhlobo zezinsiza.
Ukuzinikela kuka-Hoshino Gakki ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha kanye nekhwalithi kubenze baba ingxenye ebalulekile yomculo odumile - umthelela wakhe uzwakala ezizukulwaneni zabaculi abanamakhono ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezifana ne-rock, blues, jazz, punk njll. Kuze kube namuhla basakaziwa ngokuhlinzeka abanye "Amahhashi okusebenza" azwakala kahle kakhulu kanye nezinkundla zabadlali abaningi abahlolayo/abashaya isiginci ngokufanayo ukuze bakhe amathoni afiselekayo iminyaka ezayo.
Umthelela Embonini Yomculo
U-Hoshino Gakki, umkhiqizi omkhulu wezinsimbi zomculo wase-Japan, uguqule eyedwa indlela umculo owenziwe futhi osetshenziswa ngayo namuhla. Umbono wakhe omusha wokudala izinsimbi ezingcono wenze abadlali bakwazi ukukhiqiza amathoni wekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokuthungwa okungagcina kube yindinganiso yezinhlobo eziningi. Kuso sonke isikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, wenza izinguquko ekukhiqizeni nasekukhangiseni kwezinsimbi, wathuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukusebenza kahle kwemboni yomculo kanye nokufinyelela kubabukeli abaningi.
Eqala ngokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi ngeminyaka yawo-1890 enkampanini yendawo yezinsimbi, u-Hoshino waba yinhloko yokukhiqiza enkampanini yakhe - imboni ye-Hoshino Gakki - ngo-1925. Washeshe wazibonakalisa njengengcweti yezandla, wethula amasu okukhiqiza okusizwa yikhompyutha anciphisa kakhulu. kokubili izindleko nesikhathi sokwenza amathuluzi ekhwalithi ephezulu. Kanye nokuphayona kokukhiqizwa kwekhompuyutha, wasungula idizayini yezinsimbi ngokwethula izici ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezinduku ze-truss kumagita ezivumela ukucindezelwa kwezintambo ukwandisa ukuqina nakakhulu.
Kamuva empilweni wanikeza ama-subventions ukuze abenzi besiginci bakwamanye amazwe afana ne-United States of America (USA) bakwazi ukuncintisana ezimakethe zase-Japan futhi lobu buchwepheshe busakazeka ngokushesha nakwamanye amazwe; ukwenza izinguquko embonini emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuzibophezela kwakhe kokuqhubekela phambili ngokusungula izinto ezintsha kuphinde kwamholela ekubeni akhe isitolo somculo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Nihon Ongaku Kōgyo ngo-1961 - esinye sezitolo zomculo zokuqala zaseJapan esithengisa amagiya aphezulu avela kubakhiqizi bangaphandle kanye namabhizinisi akhulayo ezimakethe zangaphandle ekugcineni avumela amadodana akhe uKatsumi noTomio. (uMongameli wamanje/u-CEO) babambe izintambo besakhela ekubeni ngomunye wabakhiqizi bezinsimbi zomculo abakhulu kakhulu e-Japan namuhla - konke sibonga ifa abalizuza kuyise ololonge kakhulu umkhakha wethu womculo womhlaba namuhla ngokusinikeza intuthuko enkulu.
kubuchwepheshe bomsindo ngaphakathi kwezinsimbi zethu - ukuziphakamisela kokuthile okucishe kufane nobuciko kunezinto nje ngenjongo yokuzijabulisa!
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
