U-Floyd D. Rose ungumculi nonjiniyela waseMelika owasungula iculo Floyd Rose Kukhiyiwa Isistimu ye-Tremolo ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, ekugcineni wasungula inkampani enegama elifanayo ukuze yakhe futhi ilayisense imikhiqizo yakhe.
Le sistimu yokukhiya kabili yayiphawuleka ngekhono layo lokuhlala ixhumene naphezu kokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kanye nokwehluka okubanzi kwephimbo. Idizayini yakhe kamuva yaqashelwa kuGuitar Worlds “I-10 Most Earth Shaking Guitar Innovations.”
Isingeniso
U-Floyd D. Rose waziwa kabanzi ngokushintsha umhlaba wesimanje wesiginci se-rock ngokusungulwa kwesistimu yebhuloho lokukhiya lokuqala emhlabeni. Ukusungulwa kwakhe kwasiza ukuletha inkathi entsha yokuzinza nokunemba komsindo kusiginci sikagesi futhi kwathuthukiswa kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bensimbi. Ifa lika-Floyd selifinyelele kude, nobuchwepheshe bakhe obuyingqayizivele busetshenziswa abaculi namaqembu amaningi emashumini eminyaka selokhu basungulwa. Manje sesibhekisisa ukuthi wayengubani u-Floyd D. Rose nokuthi wawuthinta kanjani umlando womculo.
Ubani u-Floyd D. Rose?
U-Floyd D. Rose ungumuntu odumile emhlabeni wezomculo, ngenxa yedizayini yakhe nokusungula enye yemishini ye-tremolo esetshenziswa kakhulu yeziginci zikagesi. I-tremolo yokukhiya i-Floyd Rose (noma “ibha ye-whammy”) manje isivame ukusetshenziswa abadlali abahlukahlukene besiginci futhi inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinketho zokudlala isiginci esizwakalayo.
Wazalelwa e-Idaho ngo-1932, u-Floyd Rose wayenothando lokuklama nokudlala kusukela esemncane. Isizinda sakhe sokubaza kanye nekhono lokuxazulula izinkinga kwamnikeza amakhono okwenza ibhuloho lakhe langokwezifiso legitala lakhe lokuqala - i-'54 Fender Stratocaster. Kwaze kwafika ngo-1976 lapho aphelelisa khona umklamo wakhe oyisithombe manje, evula indlela eya phambili ngamathuba amasha kubaculi emhlabeni jikelele.
Kuze kube namuhla, ukudlikiza kuka-Floyd Rose kusetshenziswa abashaya isiginci yonke indawo ukuze bathuthukise isitayela sabo sokudlala futhi bengeze imisindo eyingqayizivele ekuqanjweni kwabo. Ihlala isesidlangalaleni ingenye yezinto ezihamba phambili uma kuziwa ekukhiqizweni komculo, ukuthi abantu ngabanye bawenza kanjani ngendlela oyifisayo umsindo wabo noma ukudala imisindo eyingqayizivele esiteji akuyeki ukumangaza izethameli ngokufanayo.
Wenzani emculweni?
U-Floyd D. Rose waziwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe wokuklama nokukhiqiza isiginci sikagesi, ikakhulukazi ekuthuthukisweni kwesistimu yokukhiya i-tremolo. Usize ekuguquleni ukudlala kwesiginci ngokusungulwa kwale divayisi, okuvumele ukushuna okungaguquguquki phakathi nokugoba kwentambo okwedlulele nokudlala i-vibrato.
Okokuqala wathuthukiswa nozakwabo, uStephen Weaver, uRose walungisa izingxenye ezintathu zeziginci zikagesi: isikhiya samantongomane, ukwakheka komsila kanye nesistimu yebhuloho. Izingidi zamantongomane kwakuyizikulufu ezimbili ezihambisanayo nhlangothi zombili ze-fretboard slot ukuze kugcinwe izintambo zisendaweni lapho zishunwa ezindaweni eziphakeme ezithile; lokhu kuqede isidingo samawindi amaningi azungeze iposi elilodwa le-peghead. Umumo we-tailpiece waklanywa kabusha ngendlela yokuthi izintambo ze-vibrato eziguquguqukayo zikwazi ukuslayida ezihibeni zayo eziphezulu esikhundleni sokunwetshwa phakathi kwamarola ebhuloho ngendlela yawo evamile - iqinisekisa ukudlidliza okunembile okulethwa kuma-pickups kuyilapho ivumela nokufinyelela okulula kuma-frets angaphezulu ngenkathi idlala. Ekugcineni, ibhuloho libe njenge-clamp esikhundleni sokuhlala phezu kwezigxobo kunoma yikuphi ukuphela; lokhu kudale uxhumo olungaguquki kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphimbo noma ukungezwani kweyunithi yezinhlamvu ezivezwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-tremolo ngesikhathi sokudlala noma izikhathi zokurekhoda.
Uhlelo lwe-Floyd Rose tremolo lusetshenziswe abaculi abaningi abangochwepheshe phakathi neminyaka edlule, kusukela kuziqhwaga ze-hard rock uJimi Hendrix no-Eddie Van Halen kuya kosaziwayo abaningi besimanje abafana noJoe Satriani no-John Petrucci. Amagalelo akhe asize ekulolongeni izinhlobo eziningi zomculo kuwo wonke umlando womculo futhi namuhla kusengenye yezingoma ezidume kakhulu ezitholakala kuziginci zikagesi namuhla.
Isiqalo sokuphila
U-Floyd D. Rose ungumculi nomsunguli owaziwayo ngokusungula uhlelo lwakhe lokukhiya lwe-tremolo olushintshashintshayo lweziginci zikagesi ngo-1976. U-Rose wazalelwa eNew York City futhi wachayeka emculweni kusukela esemncane. Umndeni wakhe wathuthela eFresno, eCalifornia, lapho uRose afunda khona futhi waqala ukudlala umculo esemncane. Wathonywa umculo we-blues, we-jazz nowe-rock ne-roll, okwamsiza ukuthi azenzele owakhe umsindo nesitayela.
Wazalelwa kuphi futhi nini?
UFloyd D. Rose wazalwa ngo-Okthoba 29, 1954 eLondon, e-Ontario, eCanada. Esemncane, wathuthela eCalifornia nomndeni wakhe futhi ekugcineni wazinza esifundazweni saseNew Jersey.
Waqala ukudlala isiginci esemncane kakhulu futhi waba nothando lomculo ngesikhathi esesikoleni esiphakeme ngaphambi kokuyofundela Ukuqamba Umculo Nokuqopha eCity College yaseNew York. Ngo-1977, u-Floyd wathola iziqu zeBachelor in Music Education - iziqu ezamenza wakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi wokufundisa isiginci ohlelweni lwesikole sendawo.
Kungalesi sikhathi lapho aqala khona ukwakha kabusha izingxenye zesiginci ukuze athengiselwe futhi azame ngemiklamo emisha yamabhuloho esiginci nama-tremolos. Kungakabiphi, u-Floyd wabeka izisekelo zenkampani yakhe ebizwa ngokuthi i-Floyd Rose Original® (FRO) - wagcina esethula umklamo wokukhiya ophumelele kakhulu emhlabeni ngoMashi ka-1977.
Imfundo kanye nomsebenzi wokuqala
UFloyd D. Rose wazalwa ngoMeyi 3, 1948, eJacksonville, eFlorida. Wakhetha umculo njengendlela yokuphila kusukela esemncane futhi wafunda eJulliard School of Music lapho afunda khona izinhlobo eziningi zomculo nezinsimbi ezihlanganisa. isiginci sakudala, izigubhu, i-jazz namabhesi kagesi. Ngesikhathi eseJulliard, wahlangana nabaculi abadumile abanjengoMiles Davis, uJohn Coltrane noHerbie Hancock abamkhuthaza ukuthi ahlole imisindo nezitayela ezahlukene emculweni.
Uthole iziqu ze-honours ku-Julliard ngo-1970 futhi waqala ukuvakashela amazwe ngamazwe njengomculi weseshini enamagama amakhulu emculweni. Udlale njengomculi weseshini wabaculi abafana no-BB King, u-Aretha Franklin Tony Bennett kanye noDavid Bowie phakathi neminyaka yakhe yokuvakasha okwathuthukisa ulwazi lwakhe ngokuthuthuka komculo eminyakeni edlule.
Ngo-1975 wabuyela eNashville lapho asebenza khona njengomfundisi eVanderbilt University's Blair School of Music iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuba aqale umsebenzi eyedwa egxile ekwakheni izinsimbi zomculo ezintsha ezazizoguqula iziginci zikagesi unomphela.
Umsebenzi Womculo
U-Floyd D. Rose ungumuntu odumile emhlabeni womculo. Wakha ibhuloho le-tremolo elikhiya kabili, manje elaziwa ngokuthi i-Floyd Rose, eliguqule indlela okudlalwa ngayo iziginci zikagesi. Washintsha indlela abadlali besiginci abasebenzisa ngayo amanothi namachords, ebavumela ukuba bazuze imiphumela yokugoba izintambo osekuyinsakavukela emculweni wesimanje. Ake sibheke kabanzi ngempilo nomsebenzi ka-Floyd D. Rose kanye nomthelela wezinto aziqambile embonini yomculo.
Amathonya akhe omculo
U-Floyd D. Rose wayengumculi nomhleli owaba nomthelela omkhulu ezinhlotsheni eziningi zomculo wesimanje, okuhlanganisa i-jazz, i-soul ne-rock 'n'. Isizinda sakhe sakuqala sasisemculweni wevangeli futhi ukuthambekela kwakhe kwemvelo ekuthuthukiseni kwamhlukanisa nabanye. Ngenkathi ebhalela amanye amabhendi adumile angaleso sikhathi, u-Rose waphinde waba nothando lokuhlela womabili amathrekhi ephimbo nezinsimbi.
Isitayela sokusungula sikaRose sathonywa kakhulu umculo we-jazz wase-Afrika-America, i-rock 'n' roll kusukela ngawo-1950s, kanye nesigqi ne-motif yaseLatin America. Ufunde ukuqoshwa kwebhendi enkulu kusukela ku-Count Basie kuya ku-Duke Ellington futhi wagqugquzelwa ukuthi ahlanganise imisindo yezimpondo zenkathi yama-20s ngokuvumelana emculweni wesimanje ofana ne-funk ne-soul. Ngokunjalo, walwela ukufaka izinhlelo ze-jazz eziya phambili ngokwesiko ngezigqi eziqanjiwe ezenziwe zaba ngezakho ngemizwa yakhe yobuhle ehlukile. Umsebenzi wakhe ubungazwa kabanzi namuhla njengesibonelo sokuchuma kwengoma okushiye uphawu olungenakucimeka ezinhlotsheni eziningi zomculo odumile.
Isitayela sakhe sokusayina
U-Floyd D. Rose, ngezinye izikhathi owaziwa ngokuthi "i-godfather of the whammy bar," waziwa kakhulu ngokuthinta komuntu siqu akwengeza emsindweni womculo wensimbi. Uguqule indlela abadlali besiginci abadlala ngayo ngendlela yokuguqula ehlanganisa i-polyrhythmic strumming ne-vibrato enolaka eshaya ngesiginisha yakhe ibhuloho le-Floyd Rose tremolo - elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-whammy bar" - ukuze adale i-riffage eyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela exakayo. Lokhu kubangele umsindo olawulwa ngokuqinile kodwa onamandla.
Ukusebenzisa kukaRose ngobuchule ukuklabalasa kwakhe, ukubhonga kwakhe akuzange nje kumise umlando wensimbi enzima; yakha eyakhe inhlobo engaphansi kwayo, okuhlanganisa nezenzo ezinjengoVan Halen, Metallica kanye neGuns & Roses abayamukele ngaphandle kokungabaza. Abanye abaculi batusa ukusebenzisa kwabo i-whammy bar ngekhono ethonyeni likaRose, okuhlanganisa nama-pop rockers afana no-John Mayer noCarlos Santana, abafake imiphumela edidayo emsebenzini wabo. Onjiniyela bensimbi yokufa, i-Death and Black Sabbath nabo bathonywe kakhulu isitayela esiyingqayizivele sika-Floyd Rose. Noma engahlonishwa kakhulu njengomsunguli emibuthanweni yendabuko, amasu amasha kaRose abe nethonya elibanzi emculweni wesimanje kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-XNUMX futhi asaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa nanamuhla.
I-Floyd Rose Tremolo Bridge
U-Floyd D. Rose wenza izinguquko emhlabeni weziginci zikagesi ngesikhathi ethula i-Floyd Rose Tremolo Bridge ngeminyaka yawo-1970. Leli bhuloho livumele abadlali besiginci ukuthi babe nokulawula okukhulu phezu kwethuluzi futhi bahlole imisindo ehlukene. Iphinde yanikeza indlela evikeleke kakhudlwana yokushuna iziginci, njengoba izintambo zingakhiywa endaweni. Ngokusungulwa kwakhe, u-Floyd Rose washintsha imboni yomculo futhi usaqhubeka nokuba nomthelela kuze kube yilolu suku.
Ukuthi walisungula kanjani ibhuloho
Ibhuloho i-Floyd Rose Tremolo Bridge lasungulwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1970 ngu-Floyd D. Rose, umsunguli wesiginci kanye nochwepheshe be-luthier. Leli bhuloho le-tremolo lokukhiya eliyingqayizivele kanye nohlelo lwamantongomane lwaguqula imboni futhi selisetshenziswe cishe kuzo zonke iziginci zikagesi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.
Le sistimu yokukhiya ye-tremolo ivumela abadlali ukuthi bashune iziginci zabo ngokunembile, balungise ukungezwani ngokumelene neyunithi yezinhlamvu, futhi benze amasu anjengamabhomu e-dive, ukuthepha okuvumelanayo, okubizwa ngokuthi i-flutter vibrato, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi amabhomu e-dive abengawakhipha ezingoma. Iphinde ivumele izinguquko zezintambo ezisheshayo njengoba kungekho ukusonga okudingekayo ukuze kugcinwe izintambo endaweni; izintambo zikhiye endaweni zinikeza ukunemba okukhulu nokuzinza kunamabhuloho endabuko. Ngalesi simiso sokukhiya, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuthi isiginci sakho sizophelelwa umsindo uma udlala amasu anolaka noma ushintsha amashuni njalo.
Ibhuloho liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili; i-baseplate enezihlalo zamahhashi ezilungiseka ukuphakama nephimbo kanye nengalo (ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-whammy bar). I-baseplate inamathiselwe emzimbeni wesiginci ngezikulufo eziyisithupha futhi iyakwazi ukuzungeza i-eksisi eduze noma ekugcineni kobude baso ukuze ikwazi ukuya phezulu noma phansi. Esinye isiphetho sinamathiselwe ekuhlanganiseni kwentwasahlobo okulungisekayo okunikeza ukungezwani okulungiswayo ngokumelene nezintambo zakho zombili ingcindezi eya phansi (isibonelo ukukhulisa ukuphuma) kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu (okuvumela ukugoba kumanothi anyakazayo ngaphandle kokuya ngokucijile). Ingalo entantayo inikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe okuyivumela ukuthi iphakanyiswe phezulu ngenkathi idlala kunamanye ama-tremolo amaningi lapho ikhawulwa khona iziphethu ze-fin mechanism yayo kuhlanganiswe nobude bayo be-lever - idala umphumela "ontantayo" uma kuhlanganiswa nezinto ezifana nokuthepha kwe-harmonics njll.. Kungenjalo kwaziwa ngokuthi ukucwilisa noma ukuphakamisa iphimbo kuze kube yilapho i-fretting imisa ukundindizela ngenxa yokungqubuzana kwezintambo ebhodini leminwe; ukuvumela le misindo ekhethekile ilawule izitayela/izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene njengeBlues Shred Metal Rock Classical Jazz Country njll….
Ekwenzayo ngokudlala isiginci
Ibhuloho i-Floyd Rose Tremolo Bridge, elaqanjwa futhi laqanjwa ngomklami wekhava ye-albhamu u-Floyd D. Rose, iwuguquko oluqinile oluhlukile esikhundleni sebhuloho lesigingci se-tremolo. Njengohlelo lwemishini, i-Floyd Rose Tremolo Bridge isebenza ukuthuthukisa ukuvumelana kwe-vibrato ekudlaleni isiginci futhi ivumela ukushaya ngaphandle kokucushwa phansi kwezintambo.
Ibhuloho liqukethe izingxenye eziningi, okuhlanganisa amabhuloho (iyunithi ebekwe phezu komzimba), amahhashi (ahlala ngaphansi kwezintambo) kanye neziphethu (ezihlinzeka ngebhalansi ephikisayo yemicu enathi). Inathi lokukhiya liphinde lisebenze nokukhiya okuthunyelwe kwe-pivot nezikulufu ezinentambo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uma seziqinile, izintambo azisuki entubeni. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi abadlali besiginci bakwazi ukusebenzisa ukugoba okudlulele, amabhomu e-dive nama-vibrato ngaphandle kokukhathazeka mayelana nokushuna kabusha phakathi kwezingoma noma amasethi.
Abashayi besiginci abasebenzisa le sistimu bajabulela ukuzinza okukhulu kwesenzo kuziginci zabo kanye nokuqina okuthuthukisiwe, amanothi ahlala ezwile isikhathi eside lapho egobile noma eshintshwa ngokuqhubekayo phezulu noma phansi kwe-fret board. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukuqhekeka kwentambo encane njengoba ihlala ikhiyelwe endaweni engcono kakhulu kunamabhuloho e-tremolo endabuko, awukho futhi umsindo ohluphayo onomsindo ngenxa yezingcezu ezinyakazayo ezivevezela ngaphandle kokuvumelanisa. Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi kungani abadlali abaningi abangochwepheshe bekhethe lokhu okusha okumangalisayo njengokusetha kwabo ibhuloho!
Legacy
U-Floyd D. Rose ubhekwa kabanzi njengengqalabutho embonini yomculo, futhi ifa lakhe liye lazwakala kuwo wonke amashumi eminyaka kusukela aqala ukudala i-tremolo yokukhiya i-Floyd Rose ngo-1977. indlela abadlala ngayo izinsimbi zabo, futhi ithonya lezinto aziqambile lizwakala cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomculo wesimanje. Ake sibheke kabanzi ifa likaRose nokuthi libe nomthelela kanjani emculweni wesimanje.
Umthelela wakhe embonini yomculo
U-Floyd D. Rose igama elaziwa futhi elihlonishwa abaningi embonini yomculo, kokubili abalalelayo nalabo abadlalayo. Wayengumsunguli waseMelika owasungula izinto eziningi ezisunguliwe ezihlobene nezinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo emculweni. Waziwa kakhulu ngokwenza i-tremolo yokukhiya, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Floyd Rose tremolo. Lokhu okusunguliwe kuguqule ukudlala kwesiginci sikagesi, kwavumela abadlali ukuthi bafinyelele kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemisindo emisha futhi babambe amanothi ahambisana kahle ngenkathi bedlala nganoma isiphi isivinini.
Ukusungulwa kukaRose kube nomthelela omkhulu embonini yomculo, kwasetshenziswa abanye abasunguli abakhulu be-rock abafana no-Steve Vai, u-Eddie Van Halen no-Joe Satriani. Ivumele abaculi ukuthi bathathe ukudlala kwabo kube phezulu nangaphezulu kunanini ngaphambili ngekhono layo lokukhiqiza ama-harmonics nama-bends ayengenakufinyelelwa ngeziginci zendabuko noma ama-tremolo. Ukwakhiwa kwakhe kuzoqhubeka kube ngesinye sezingcezu zehadiwe ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngabaculi abangochwepheshe kanye nabathandi bokudlala ngokufana.
Ifa likaRose aligcini ekunikeleni kwakhe emhlabeni wokudlala isiginci sikagesi nokho; futhi wayehileleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe kweziginci zasendulo. Kusukela ekuklameni amabhuloho akwazi ukubamba izintambo ngokuqinile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zivezwe ukudlidliza kangakanani, u-Rose uphinde waklama izitulo zamantongomane ezazivumela amanothi acacile avela ezintanjeni ezivulekile esikhundleni semisindo ephithizelayo evame ukuzwakala ngenxa yokungezwani kwentambo ephansi noma amantongomane noma amabhuloho angamise kahle. Ngomsebenzi wakhe weziginci zasendulo u-Floyd D Rose walungiselela umsindo wensimbi yomculo wochungechunge ukuze kukhiqizwe ngobuningi okwashintsha unomphela amasu okukhiqiza ezimbonini emhlabeni wonke esebenzisa izindinganiso ezintsha zemboni ezigujwa ngisho nanamuhla lapho kuthengwa amathuluzi ezinga lokungena kunoma isiphi isitolo emhlabeni wonke.
Ifa lakhe emhlabeni wesiginci
U-Floyd D. Rose wayengumsunguli wezigingci futhi washiya ifa elingeke lilibaleke. Idizayini yakhe yasekuqaleni yentongomane elikhiyayo, isistimu ye-tremolo kanye nebhuloho elihleliyo livame ukusetshenziswa ezigidini zekhwalithi ephezulu, ebeka izindinganiso zezinga lochwepheshe kuzo zonke izinsimbi zesikhathi esizayo.
Idizayini ka-Floyd ibe nomthelela omkhulu emculweni wesimanje odumile njengoba yenza ukudlala isiginci kwaba lula futhi kuphendule kangcono. Ngemuva kokwethulwa kuka-1981 kwebhuloho lakhe lokukhiya elithi 'Floyd Rose', abaculi bakwazile ukuguqula amathoni ngesikhathi sokudlala kwabo futhi benze kube lula ukuqhubeka kwe-harmonic eyinkimbinkimbi ngomzamo omncane kunangaphambili. Lokhu kwaqhubekisela phambili izinhlobo ezifana nensimbi, i-punk kanye ne-grunge ku-mainstream, okuvumela abadlali besiginci ukuthi baziveze ngenkululeko enkulu ngendlela eyayingakaze yenzeke ngaphambi kokusungulwa kuka-Floyd.
Ngaphandle kwethonya lika-Floyd kubuchwepheshe besimanje, umculo omningi esiwaziyo namuhla ubungeke ube khona. Umsebenzi wakhe usize ekungeniseni inkathi entsha yokudlalwa kwesiginci eyashintsha umculo odumile unomphela - into akhunjulwa ngayo kakhulu abaculi emhlabeni jikelele.
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
