Iketango le-daisy liwukucushwa kukagesi lapho amadivaysi amaningi axhunywe khona ngendlela yomugqa, enye ngemva kwenye. Ibizwa ngokuthi iketango lezimbali ngenxa yokuthi ifana nochungechunge lwezimbali olubizwa ngokuthi i-daisy.
Iketango le-daisy lingasetshenziselwa izinjongo eziningi, njengokuxhuma izipikha eziningi ku-amplifier eyodwa, ukuxhuma izibani eziningi kumthombo wamandla owodwa, noma ukuxhuma amadivayisi amaningi embobeni eyodwa ye-USB.
I-Daisy Chaining: I-Primer
Iyini i-Daisy Chaining?
I-Daisy chaining iwuhlelo lwezintambo lapho amadivaysi amaningi axhunywe ngokulandelana noma ngendandatho, efana negoda lezimbali ze-daisy. Amaketango eDaisy angasetshenziselwa amandla, amasiginali e-analog, idatha yedijithali, noma inhlanganisela yakho konke kokuthathu.
Izinhlobo ze-Daisy Chains
- Amaketanga eDaisy angasetshenziswa ukuxhuma amadivaysi amakhulu, njengochungechunge lwezintambo zamandla, ukwenza umugqa owodwa omude.
- Amaketanga eDaisy angasetshenziswa futhi ukuxhuma amadivayisi ngaphakathi kwedivayisi, njenge-USB, i-FireWire, i-Thunderbolt, nezintambo ze-Ethernet.
- Amaketanga e-daisy angasetshenziswa futhi ukuxhuma amasignali e-analog, njengebhasi likagesi.
- Amaketanga eDaisy angasetshenziswa futhi ukuxhuma amasignali edijithali, njenge-serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI) IC.
- Amaketanga eDaisy angasetshenziswa futhi ukuxhuma amadivayisi we-MIDI.
- Amaketanga eDaisy angasetshenziswa futhi ukuxhuma amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe e-JTAG.
- Amaketanga e-Daisy angasetshenziswa futhi ukuxhuma amadivayisi we-Thunderbolt, njengama-RAID arrays nama-computer monitors.
- Amaketanga eDaisy angasetshenziswa futhi ukuxhuma amadivayisi we-Hexbus, njenge-TI-99/4A, CC-40, ne-TI-74.
Izinzuzo Daisy Chaining
I-Daisy chaining ingaba indlela enhle yokuxhuma amadivaysi amaningi ngomzamo omncane. Futhi kuyindlela engabizi kakhulu yokuxhuma amadivaysi, njengoba kudinga izintambo ezimbalwa nezixhumi kunezinye izinhlelo zezintambo. Ukwengeza, i-daisy chaining ingasiza ekunciphiseni imfuhlumfuhlu, njengoba iqeda isidingo sezintambo eziningi nezixhumi. Okokugcina, i-daisy chain ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa kwesignali, njengoba isignali ivuselelwa idivayisi ngayinye kuketango.
Ukudluliselwa Kwesiginali: Umhlahlandlela osheshayo
Izimpawu ze-Analog
Uma kuziwa kumasignali e-analog, uxhumano ngokuvamile luyibhasi elilula likagesi. Futhi uma usebenzisana nochungechunge lwamadivayisi amaningi, uzodinga ukusebenzisa isiphindaphindi esisodwa noma ngaphezulu noma izikhulisa-zwi ukuze umelane nokuncishana.
Izimpawu Zedijithali
Amasignali edijithali phakathi kwamadivaysi angase futhi ahambe ngebhasi likagesi elilula. Kulesi simo, uzodinga isinqamuli sebhasi kudivayisi yokugcina ochungechungeni. Ngokungafani namasignali e-analog, amasignali edijithali angenziwa kabusha ngogesi (kodwa angashintshwa) nganoma iyiphi idivayisi ekuchungechungeni.
Amathiphu Okudlulisa Isignali
Nawa amathiphu ambalwa okufanele uwakhumbule lapho usebenza nokudluliswa kwesignali:
- Sebenzisa iziphindaphinda noma ama-amplifiers ukuze umelane nokuncishana kumasignali e-analog.
- Sebenzisa isinqamuli sebhasi kudivayisi yokugcina ochungechungeni ukuthola amasignali edijithali.
- Amasignali edijithali angenziwa kabusha ngogesi (kodwa angashintshwa) nganoma iyiphi idivayisi kuketango.
- Ungakhohlwa ukuhlola i-Passthrough ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Daisy Chaining Hardware kanye Software
Hardware
I-Daisy chaining hardware iyindlela enhle yokuxhuma izingxenye eziningi kusistimu yekhompyutha. Kuhilela ukuxhuma ingxenye ngayinye kwenye ingxenye efanayo, kunokuxhuma ngokuqondile ohlelweni lwekhompyutha. Ingxenye yokugcina kuchungechunge iyona kuphela exhuma ngokuqondile ohlelweni lwekhompyutha. Nazi ezinye izibonelo zehadiwe elingaboshwa ngamaketango:
- Izimbobo ze-UART
- SCSI
- Amadivayisi we-MIDI
- Imikhiqizo ye-SPI IC
- Amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe e-JTAG
- I-Thunderbolt (i-interface)
- I-Hexbus
Software
Daisy chaining computing sessions kungenye indlela enhle yokuxhuma izingxenye eziningi. Kubandakanya ukuxhuma amaseshini amaningi ndawonye, ukuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele amasistimu amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi emisebenzini edinga ukufinyelela kumasistimu amaningi.
I-Daisy-Chained vs. Pigtailed Parallel-Wired Receptacles
Uyini Umehluko?
Uma kukhulunywa ngezintambo zikagesi, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-daisy-chaining kanye ne-parallel wiring. Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili:
- I-Daisy-chaining (noma izintambo “in-series”) isho ukuxhuma zonke izitsha “ekugcineni kuya ekugcineni” kanye nokusebenzisa amapheya amatheminali kusitsha ngasinye ukuze kuthwale amanzi kusuka kudivayisi eyodwa kuya kwesinye. Uma noma yikuphi uxhumo noma idivayisi kuchungechunge iphazamiseka, izinsiza ezansi nomfula kusukela kulelo phuzu zizophelelwa amandla.
- Izintambo ezihambisanayo zisho ukuxhuma izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezindleleni eziningi, ukuze kuthi uma noma yiziphi izinto ezifakwayo zihluleka, ezinye izinto ezitholakala kusekethe zihlala zingathinteki. Kumjikelezo ofanayo, ukugeleza kwamanje kuhlukaniswa, ngakho ingxenye yayo kuphela igeleza kudivayisi ngayinye.
Izincazelo ezisemthethweni
- Kumjikelezo wochungechunge, i-current egeleza engxenyeni ngayinye iyafana, futhi i-voltage kuyo yonke isekethe iyisamba sokwehla kwamandla kagesi ngakunye engxenyeni ngayinye.
- Kumjikelezo ohambisanayo, i-voltage kuyo yonke ingxenye ngayinye iyafana, futhi isamba samanje siyisamba semisinga egeleza engxenyeni ngayinye.
Kungani Kubalulekile?
Izindlela ezimbili zokufaka izintambo azihlukani kuphela ngomphumela wokuphuka noma ukwehluleka kwesixhumi endaweni yokwamukela umuntu ngamunye, kodwa nasezimpahleni zabo zikagesi. Ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi indlela ongayisebenzisa kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lukagesi luphephile futhi lusebenza kahle.
I-Daisy-Chaining Receptacles: Umhlahlandlela osheshayo
Iyini i-Daisy-Chaining?
I-Daisy-chaining iyindlela yokufaka izintambo lapho izintambo zikagesi zinezintambo eziwuchungechunge, noma enye ngemva kwenye. Lena indlela evamile yokufaka izintambo ezisetshenziswa ezindlini ezindala futhi isasetshenziswa nanamuhla.
Isebenza kanjani i-Daisy-Chaining?
I-Daisy-chaining isebenza ngokuxhuma izintambo ezimhlophe (ezimaphakathi) nezimnyama (ezishisayo) zesekhethi kumatheminali esiliva nawethusi, ngokulandelana. Intambo emhlophe iletha intambo emaphakathi yesekethe ebhokisini likagesi bese ixhuma kwisitsha. Intambo yesibili emhlophe ixhuma ukungathathi hlangothi kwesekethi kuye phezulu kwesamukeli esilandelayo ezansi nomfula. Izintambo ezimnyama zixhunywe kumatheminali noma izikulufi zethusi noma ezinombala osagolide, noma kumatheminali abhalwe ukuthi “Mnyama” noma “Hot”. Enye yalezi zintambo ezimnyama iletha intambo yesekethe eshisayo noma “ebukhoma” ebhokisini likagesi futhi ixhuma kunoma iyiphi yamatheminali “ashisayo” noma “amnyama” wesitsha. Intambo yesibili emnyama ixhuma kutheminali yesibili “eshisayo” noma “emnyama” futhi ithwala intambo yesekethe eshisayo noma ebukhoma iye ethonjeni elilandelayo noma idivayisi iye ezansi nomfula.
Yiziphi Izinzuzo ze-Daisy-Chaining?
I-Daisy-chaining iyindlela enhle yokonga isikhathi nemali lapho ufaka izintambo ezitsheni zikagesi. Idinga izixhumi nezintambo ezimbalwa kunendlela yezintambo “ezihambisanayo”, futhi iyindlela ejwayeleke kakhulu yezintambo zikagesi ezitholakala ezindlini.
Yiziphi Izinkinga ze-Daisy-Chaining?
I-drawback eyinhloko ye-daisy-chaining ukuthi uma isitsha esisodwa sihluleka noma silahlekelwa okukodwa kokuxhumana kwaso, zonke izitsha ezingaphansi komfula nazo zizolahlekelwa amandla. Ukwengeza, i-back-wiring kufanele igwenywe ngoba ayithembekile futhi ayiphephile.
Izintambo zikagesi ezifaka izintambo ezihambisanayo
Iyini i-Parallel Wiring?
I-Parallel wiring iyindlela yokuxhuma izithako zikagesi kusekethe eyodwa, ukuze kuthi uma isitsha esisodwa sihluleka noma siphelelwa amandla, yonke enye isekethe ihlala "ibukhoma". Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izixhumi zokusonta kanye nezintambo ze-pigtail ukuze kuxhunywe amatheminali angathathi hlangothi noma ashisayo esitshalweni ezintanjeni ezishisayo nezimaphakathi zesekhethi.
Uxhumano Lwezintambo Zezinto Zokwamukela Ngokuhambisana
Ukuze ufake izintambo ngokuhambisana, uzodinga:
- Izintambo ezintathu kusixhumi esisontekile ngasinye:
– Intambo emnyama noma “eshisayo” evela kwisekhethi engena ebhokisini likagesi
– Intambo emnyama noma “eshisayo” eshiya ibhokisi likagesi
- Intambo emfushane emnyama "eshisayo" (i-"pigtail") exhuma kusuka kusixhumi esisontekile kuya kutheminali "hot" noma "black"
– Intambo emhlophe noma “emaphakathi” evela kusekethe engena ebhokisini likagesi
– Intambo emhlophe noma “emaphakathi” eshiya ibhokisi likagesi
– Intambo emfushane emhlophe noma “emaphakathi” (“i-pigtail”) exhuma kusukela kusixhumi esisontekile ukuya kutheminali engathathi hlangothi ye-receptacle
- Izintambo ezine zethusi ezingenalutho zokubeka phansi:
- Gxila ngaphakathi
- Gcwalisa
- Indawo eya endaweni yokwamukela
- Gcoba ebhokisini likagesi lensimbi (uma ibhokisi liyinsimbi kunepulasitiki).
Ukufaka esikhundleni Sezinto Ezifakwa Ngama-Daisy-Chained
Uma ushintsha isitsha esinamaketanga e-daisy ufake esisha esinezintambo ezifanayo, uzodinga izinto ezingenhla. Le ndlela idinga ibhokisi elikhulu likagesi, njengoba lizoqukatha ukuxhumana okuningi, izixhumi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela idinga indawo eyengeziwe.
Yimuphi Usayizi Webhokisi Logesi Engiwudingayo Ukuze Ngifake Ingulube?
Hlola Usayizi Webhokisi Logesi
Uma uguqula usuka entambo yedivayisi ukuya kumjikelezo kagesi onentambo efanayo ochungechungeni lwezimpahla, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi usayizi webhokisi likagesi ungamayintshi ayi-cubic owanele ukuqukatha izintambo nezixhumi ezengeziwe. Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi:
- Uzodinga izintambo ezi-3 ezimaphakathi, izintambo ezishisayo ezingu-3, nezintambo eziphansi ezingu-4. Zonke izintambo ezingaphansi zibalwa njengezilingana no-1 wekhondatha enkulu ekhona ebhokisini.
- Izixhumi zokusonta kanye nesitsha sikagesi azibalwa lapho kubalwa usayizi webhokisi odingekayo.
- Uma kucatshangwa ukuthi isekethe iyisekhethi engu-15A esebenzisa intambo engu-#14, i-NEC yase-US idinga ama-cubic amayintshi angu-2 ngomqhubi ngamunye. Lokho kusho ukuthi ibhokisi kufanele libe (2cu.in. x 7 conductor) 14 cubic amayintshi noma ngaphezulu.
- Bheka I-NEC kanye ne-ELECTRICAL JUNCTION BOX TYPES ukuze uthole usayizi webhokisi olungile lezintambo zakho.
Imithetho Yokuphepha kanye Namakhodi we-Daisy Chaining
Imithetho ye-OSHA
- I-OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.303(b)(2) ithi okokusebenza okusohlwini noma okunelebula kufanele kufakwe futhi kusetshenziswe ngokuya ngemiyalelo efakwe ohlwini noma ilebula.
- Umqondisi we-OSHA, u-Richard Fairfax, uthe abakhiqizi namalabhorethri aqashelwa kuzwelonke anquma ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwezintambo zamandla, nokuthi ama-RPT afakwe ohlwini lwe-UL kufanele axhumeke ngokuqondile kusitsha sesifunda segatsha esifakwe unomphela futhi hhayi uchungechunge oluxhunywe kwamanye ama-RPT noma axhumeke. ezintanjeni zokunweba.
Imithetho ye-NFPA
- Ngokwe-NFPA 1 Standard 11.1.4, ompompi bamandla abasuswayo kufanele babe uhlobo oluhlukanisiwe noma olusekelwe phansi oluvikeleke ngokwedlulele futhi kufanele lufakwe ohlwini.
- Kufanele zixhunywe ngokuqondile kusitsha esifakwe unomphela futhi izintambo zazo akufanele zidlulele ezindongeni, ophahleni, noma phansi, ngaphansi kwezicabha noma phansi, noma zibe ngaphansi kokulimala kwemvelo noma ngokomzimba.
Imithethonqubo ye-UL
- I-UL 1363 1.7 ithi ama-RPT axhumeke ngentambo awahloselwe ukuxhunywa kwenye i-RPT exhunywe ngentambo.
- I-UL White Book (2015-2016) ithi ompompi bamandla abathuthwayo bahloselwe ukuthi baxhunywe ngokuqondile endaweni efakwa unomphela yesitsha sesifunda segatsha futhi hhayi uchungechunge oluxhunywe (i-daisy chain) kwabanye ompompi bamandla abasuswayo noma ezintanjeni ezinwetshiwe.
Okunye yezakhi
- Ihhovisi Lokuthobela umthetho elivela kuHulumeni wase-United States likhiphe idokhumenti ethi “Amaqiniso Asheshayo” enesihloko esithi Imichilo Yamandla kanye Nochungechunge LweDangerous Daisy. Ithi amapheshana kagesi amaningi noma izivikeli zokuhlinza zigunyazwe ukunikeza amandla esilinganisweni sezinto ezingazodwa ezine noma eziyisithupha nokuthi ukugcwala kakhulu kwamandla kagesi kungaholela emlilweni noma kubangele i-breaker breaker.
- I-OSHA 29 CFR 1910.304(b)(4) ithi amadivayisi aphumayo kufanele abe nesilinganiso se-ampere esingekho ngaphansi komthwalo ozonikezwa. Ukulayisha ngokweqile umugqa wamandla akuphephile futhi kungadala ingozi yomlilo.
Izingozi Zokulayishwa Okuningi kanye Nokusetshenziswa Okungafanele Kwezintambo Ezinwetshiwe
Imithetho ye-OSHA
Kungqubuzana nemithetho ye-OSHA ukusebenzisa noma yiziphi izisetshenziswa ezingakagunyazwa ilabhorethri yokuhlola eyaziwa kuzwelonke. [OSHA 29 CFR 1910.303(a)]
Izintambo zesikhashana
Khumbula, izintambo zokunweba zenzelwe izintambo zesikhashana kuphela. Ungayisebenzisi izintambo ezingapheli.
Izintambo Zomsebenzi Okhanyayo
Izintambo ezisebenza ngokukhanya azihloselwe ukunika amandla izinto eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezinamandla amakhulu. Nakhu okufanele ukwenze esikhundleni salokho:
- Sebenzisa intambo enzima
- Xhuma into eyodwa ngesikhathi
- Qiniseka ukuthi intambo ingakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo.
Imithombo Yokucatshangelwa Lapho Usebenza Nezintambo Zamandla
Izinhlangano Zikahulumeni
- Umnyango Wezabasebenzi wase-US OSHA
- Ihhovisi Lokuthobela - US Congress
AmaZinga
- Ukuhumusha Okujwayelekile kwe-OSHA
- I-NFPA 1 Standard
- I-UL 1363 Standard
Guides
- Ulwazi Lomhlahlandlela lwango-2015-16 lwezisetshenziswa zikagesi—I-UL White Book [p569]
Amaqiniso Asheshayo
- Amaqiniso Asheshayo - Imichilo Yamandla kanye Namaketanga Ayingozi eDaisy
- Amaqiniso Asheshayo - Izintambo Zokunweba Zesikhashana kanye Nezixhumi Zamandla Akumele Zisetshenziselwe Izintambo Ezihlala Njalo
Umehluko
I-Daisy Chain Vs Leapfrog
Izintambo ze-Daisy chain zilula futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa kumaphaneli ezintambo, ikakhulukazi uma intambo ingekho emugqeni oqondile. Idinga intambo ende yokubuya, okungaba imbangela yephutha lomhlaba uma ingadonswanga ngendlela efanele. I-Leapfrogging, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yeqa iphaneli ngayinye yesibili ukuze iwahlanganise ndawonye endleleni ebuyayo. Ayidingi intambo yokubuyisela futhi ivumela ukunwetshwa okungcono kwezintambo ezingemuva kwamaphaneli, okunciphisa ukuchayeka kwazo esimweni sezulu.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Iyini inzuzo ye-daisy chain?
Inzuzo ye-daisy chaining ukuthi ivumela amadivayisi amaningi ukuthi axhunywe ndawonye ochungechungeni, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo kwezinsiza.
Ingabe i-daisy chain wiring ihambisana noma uchungechunge?
I-Daisy chain wiring iyahambisana.
Ungakwazi yini iketango le-daisy ngezintambo ezahlukene?
Cha, awukwazi uchungechunge lwe-daisy olunezintambo ezahlukene.
Isiphetho
Sengiphetha, iketango le-daisy liwuhlelo olusha lwezintambo olusetshenziswa kubunjiniyela bukagesi nobukagesi. Kuyindlela enhle yokuxhuma amadivaysi amaningi ngokulandelana noma indandatho, futhi ingasetshenziselwa amandla, amasiginali we-analog, idatha yedijithali, noma inhlanganisela yakho. Uma ubheka ukusebenzisa iketango le-daisy emishinini yakho kagesi, qiniseka ukuthi uyaziqonda izisekelo zesistimu kanye nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene eziyakhayo. Ukwengeza, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa izinqamuli ezifanele kanye nama-amplifiers ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isignali ayihlanekezelwe. Ngolwazi olufanele kanye nemishini, ungakha kalula uhlelo lweketanga le-daisy oluzosebenzela izidingo zakho.
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
