Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezixhumi ezisetshenziswa emishinini yomsindo. Kodwa yiziphi ezivame kakhulu?
Izixhumi zomsindo ezivame kakhulu yi-3-pin XLR, 1/4″ TS, ne-RCA. Kodwa kunezinhlobo eziningi ezengeziwe ezisetshenziswa kuyo yonke into kusukela kumishini yokuqopha yobungcweti kuya kumasistimu e-stereo asekhaya.
Izinhlobo zezixhumi zomsindo
I-TRS (Uxhumano Olulinganiselayo)
- Izintambo ze-TRS yizona ezinendandatho eyengeziwe uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo zezinsimbi ezivamile.
- I-TRS imele ithiphu, indandatho, i-Sleeve futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imithombo efana nama-headphone, igiya le-outboard, noma izixhumanisi zomsindo.
- Avamise ukwenziwa iphutha namakhebuli ensimbi avamile, kodwa ungakwazi ukubona umehluko kalula ngokubheka iringi yesixhumi yesithathu kujack.
- Izintambo ze-Aux ngokuvamile ziyizintambo ezingu-1/8 (3.5mm) zesitiriyo ze-TRS.
I-XLR (Uxhumano Olulinganiselayo)
- Izintambo ze-XLR ziyizintambo ezibhalansi ezimaphini angu-3 ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ziyizinga lemakrofoni, ama-preamp, ama-mixers, noma amasiginali weleveli yolayini ezipikheni.
- Zaziwa nangokuthi izintambo zemakrofoni futhi zifaka izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zezixhumi.
- Izixhumi zesilisa ze-XLR zivame ukutholakala kumishini “yokuthumela” amasiginali, kuyilapho izixhumi zesifazane ze-XLR zivame ukutholakala ekugcineni kokwamukela.
- Izintambo ze-XLR zikhethwa njengezixhumi zazo zokukhiya, ezivimbela ukuthi zinganqamuki ngephutha ngenkathi zisetshenziswa.
I-TS (Uxhumano Olungalingani)
- Izintambo ze-TS zaziwa nangokuthi izintambo zezinsimbi noma izintambo zesiginci futhi zingamakhebula amabili angalingani.
- I-TS imele i-Tip and Sleeve, isignali ibe phezu kwethiphu futhi umhlabathi uphezu komkhono.
- Zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma iziginci noma ezinye izisetshenziswa ezingalingani kuma-amplifiers, mixers, noma eminye imithombo.
- Ngokuvamile basebenzisa ojeke abangu-1/4 intshi ezinhlelweni zomsindo we-pro, kodwa bangaphinda batholakale njengo-1/8 amayintshi (3.5mm) emikhiqizweni yomsindo wabathengi.
I-RCA (Uxhumano Olungalingani)
- Izintambo ze-RCA ziyizintambo ezimbili ze-conductor ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumishini ye-stereo yebanga labathengi.
- Ngokuvamile amakhebuli e-stereo anamajekhi amabili, eyodwa yamashaneli angakwesokunxele nangakwesokudla, ngokuvamile anombala omhlophe nobomvu ngokulandelana.
- Izintambo ze-RCA zasungulwa futhi zaqala ukusetshenziswa yinkampani i-RCA, okuyilapho igama livela khona.
3.5mm Isixhumi se-Stereo Minijack
- Le lil' guy iwuxhumano lomsindo oludume kakhulu noluvamile laphaya. Yaziwa nangokuthi 'i-headphone jack', i-stereo minijack, isixhumi esingu-3.5mm, noma isixhumi esingu-1/8-intshi.
- Isetshenziswa kusidlali somculo esiphathwayo, amafoni, nokuxhumana okulalelwayo kumakhompuyutha, futhi iyisixhumi esivamile somsindo esisetshenziswa nama-headphone.
- Inelungiselelo le-TRS, elimele Ithiphu/Indandatho/Isikhwama. Ukucushwa kwe-TRS kuvame ukucatshangwa njenge-stereo ngoba kunoxhumana nabo ababili beziteshi zomsindo ezingakwesokunxele nakwesokudla.
1/4-intshi/6.3mm TRS Plug
- Lesi sisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zomsindo ozwakalayo kumakhibhodi, okukhiphayo kwama-headphone, amapiyano, okokusebenza okuqophayo, amadeski okuxutshwa, ama-amp wesiginci, nezinye izinto zokusebenza ze-hi-fi.
- Yaziwa nangokuthi ujeke we-stereo 1/4-intshi, i-TRS Jack, i-Balanced Jack, noma isixhumi sefoni ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwaso ama-opharetha ocingo ekuphembeni uxhumo lwefoni.
- Inedizayini yethiphu/indandatho/yemikhono, njengesixhumi esingu-3.5mm. Yinkulu ngobude futhi inobubanzi obubanzi. Ingeza ekucushweni okuhlukene okufana ne-TS ne-TRS, kodwa i-TRS ivame kakhulu futhi isetshenziselwa umsindo olinganiselayo noma we-stereo.
S/PDIF RCA Amakhebula
- Laba bafana ababi bafaneleka uma udinga ukuthola umsindo ukusuka endaweni A ukuya ku-B ngokuphazima kweso!
- Zinhle ekukhipheni ibanga elifushane.
Izintambo ze-Speakon
- Uma ubheke ukuxhuma izipikha zakho kuzikhulisa-zwi zakho, izintambo ze-Speakon zizoba yindlela yakho yokuya kuzo.
- Afanelana kahle nesistimu yakho yomsindo.
Izintambo Zomsindo Zedijithali nezixhumi
Izintambo ze-MIDI
Laba bafana ababi bangama-OG ka umsindo wedijithali ukuxhumana! MIDI izintambo zaba ngezokuqala ezethulwa emhlabeni kudala ngeminyaka yawo-80, futhi zisekhona nanamuhla, zixhuma zonke izinhlobo zezinsimbi zomculo nezilawuli. Amakhebuli e-MIDI afaka uxhumano lwamaphini angu-5 futhi abukeka njengezintambo ze-XLR, kodwa empeleni awadlulisi noma yimuphi umsindo - esikhundleni salokho, athumela ulwazi mayelana nokusebenza komculo, njengokuthi yiziphi izinkinobho okufanele uzicindezelwe nokuthi kunzima kangakanani ukuzicindezela.
Nakuba USB izintambo sezidume kakhulu, izintambo ze-MIDI zisasetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Futhi, bangathumela iziteshi zolwazi ezifika kwezingu-16 ngekhebula eyodwa - kuhle kangakanani lokho?
Izintambo ze-ADAT
Izintambo ze-ADAT ziyindlela yokuxhuma izingcezu ezimbili zemishini yomsindo ehambisana nedijithali. I-ADAT imele “i-ADAT Optical Interface Protocol,” futhi ivumela ukudluliswa kweziteshi ezingafika kweziyisi-8 ngekhwalithi engu-48 kHz / 24 bit ngentambo eyodwa.
Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma okokufaka okwengeziwe noma ama-preamp kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo. Izintambo ze-ADAT zisebenzisa izixhumi ezifanayo njengoxhumano lwe-S/PDIF, kodwa izivumelwano zihlukile.
Dante Cables
I-Dante iyiphrothokholi entsha yokuxhumeka komsindo wedijithali esebenzisa izintambo ze-ethernet ze-CAT-5 noma ze-CAT-6. Isiba yinketho ethandwayo yomsindo obukhoma ngoba ingadlulisela eziteshini zomsindo ezingafika kwezingu-256 ngekhebuli eyodwa ye-ethernet. Ukuxhumana kwe-Dante kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izinyoka zedijithali noma amabhokisi esiteji kusihlanganisi sedijithali, futhi seziqala ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo.
Amakhabethe we-USB
Izintambo ze-USB ziyinketho edumile yokuxhuma izixhumanisi zomsindo kumakhompyutha namadivayisi we-MIDI. Ayashesha futhi avumelana nezimo, futhi angathumela amashaneli amaningi omsindo ngekhebuli eyodwa. Futhi, asebenzisana nebanga elibanzi lamadivayisi.
Izintambo ze-Firewire
- Uma udinga ukungeza okokugcina ekhompyutheni yakho, izintambo ze-Firewire ziyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo.
- Bazoqinisekisa ukuthi ikhompuyutha yakho isesikhathini ngokushesha.
TOSLINK/Optical
- I-TOSLINK, okufushane kwe-Toshiba Link, iyisixhumi esibonakalayo esibonakalayo samasignali omsindo wedijithali. Ekuqaleni yayihloselwe ukusetshenziswa nezidlali ze-CD ze-Toshiba kodwa ikhule phakathi neminyaka ukuze yamukelwe abanye abakhiqizi.
- Isetshenziselwa ukuthumela amasignali omsindo wedijithali phakathi kwamadivayisi ahlukene. Amafomethi omsindo asekelwa yi-TOSLINK noma uxhumano lwe-optical ayi-Lossless 2.0 PCM futhi acindezelwe ngu-2.0/5.1/.
- Ipulaki yomsindo wedijithali inohlangothi olulodwa oluyisikwele kuyilapho izinhlangothi eziphambene zifaka amakhona ane-engeli. Ine-laser ebomvu ethwala ukusakaza komsindo wedijithali nge-fiber-optic.
Izixhumi Zomsindo: Owesilisa nowesifazane
3-Pin XLR Isixhumi Sesifazane
- Uyena ophethe imbobo, uselungele ukwamukela uzakwabo wesilisa.
- Uyena onezikhonkwane ezi-3, ulungele ukuxhuma nomngane wakhe wesilisa.
- Uyena ohlale elungele ukuxhuma nokudlala.
3-Pin XLR Isixhumi Samadoda
- Nguye lo ophethe izikhonkwane, uselungele ukuxhuma kumngani wakhe wesifazane.
- Uyena onamaphini angu-3, ulungele ukuxhuma.
- Uyena ohlale elungele ukuxhunywa.
Ukuqhathanisa Izixhumi Zomsindo we-Analog kanye Nedijithali
Izixhumi ze-Analog Audio
- Izintambo ze-analogi zisebenzisa isignali kagesi eqhubekayo eya emuva naphambili phakathi kokuphozithivu nokunegethivu kuphethini ye-sine-wave. Ngokuyisisekelo, uma ulwazi lomsindo luyigagasi lesine elingu-200Hz, isignali yomsindo egijima ngentambo ye-analog izokwenza imijikelezo engu-200 engemihle ngomzuzwana.
- Izintambo ze-analogi ziza ngezinhlobo ezimbili: azilingani futhi azilingani.
- Izixhumi ezijwayelekile ze-analog zifaka i-RCA, XLR, TS, nezixhumi ze-TRS.
Izixhumi Zomsindo Wedijithali
- Izintambo ezilalelwayo zedijithali zidlulisa umsindo ngolimi oluqondwa amakhompyutha. Ikhodi kanambambili noma u-1 kanye no-0s adluliselwa njengochungechunge lokushintshwa kwamandla kagesi.
- Izibonelo zezixhumi zomsindo wedijithali zifaka i-TOSLINK noma isixhumi se-Optical, i-MIDI, i-USB, namakhebula e-digital coaxial cable.
Iyiphi Ikhebula Lomsindo Elifaneleka Kakhulu?
Iqiniso
Iqiniso liwukuthi, ikhebuli yomsindo engcono kakhulu kuwe iyona ehambisana nezidingo zakho kanye nesabelomali. Naphezu kwalokho okushiwo yizinkampani nabakhiqizi, awukho umehluko ozwakalayo phakathi kwekhebula "elishibhile" nelibizayo. Izimangalo zokuthi ukuxhunywa okunamaphuzu egolide kungabaqhubi abangcono kungase kube neqiniso elithile kuzo, kodwa akuyona into ozokwazi ukuyizwa.
Umehluko Osebenzayo
Kukhona, nokho, umehluko ophawulekayo phakathi kwezixhumi zomsindo ezingenza umehluko osebenzayo kumishini yakho:
- Izintambo ezishibhile ze-XLR zivame ukusebenzisa umklamo kajeke ongaqinile ongenza ukuxhumana kwawo kuzizwe “kuxege” kumakrofoni noma komunye umthombo wokufaka.
- Kwezinye izimo, ngeke baze baqedele ukuxhumeka, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwesignali.
- Izinkampani eziningi manje zisebenzisa uxhumano lwesimanje lwe-"Neutrik" oluklanyelwe i-XLR, oluqinile futhi oluvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki.
Iphuzu Eliyinhloko
Ekupheleni kosuku, ikhebuli yomsindo ehamba phambili iyona ekusebenzelayo, hhayi leyo ebiza imali eningi. Ngakho ungaphuli ibhange uzama ukuthola ikhebula elibiza kakhulu. Kunalokho, gxila ekutholeni leyo ehlangabezana nezidingo zakho futhi ehambisana nesabelomali sakho.
Yiziphi Okucatshangwayo Lapho Ukhetha Ikhebula Lomsindo?
ukuqina
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa ikhebuli yakho yomsindo kumagigi abukhoma noma imibukiso, uzofuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi iqinile ngokwanele ukuphatha umsebenzi. Izintambo ezincanyana (igeji ephezulu, njengegeji engu-18 noma engu-24) maningi amathuba okuthi agobe futhi ekugcineni aphuke, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhamba nentambo ewugqinsi njengegeji engu-14 noma igeji engu-12 (noma igeji engu-10) uma uxhuma imishini ye-PA noma izikhulumi.
Ikhwalithi Yomsindo
Lapho uqopha kusitudiyo, uzofuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi usebenzisa ikhebula lekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze ulondoloze umsindo wangempela futhi uqinisekise ukuthi igiya lakho lomsindo lithatha inguqulo enembe kakhulu. Ngenkathi abanye abantu bekholelwa ukuthi izintambo ezinamanani aphezulu, ezisezingeni eliphakeme zizokwenza isitudiyo sakho sizwakale “ngcono,” akunjalo.
Ihlola Umsindo Obhalansile Nongalingani
Iyini i-Balanced Audio?
- Umsindo olinganiselayo uwuhlobo lwekhebula lomsindo olusebenzisa izintambo ezintathu: izintambo ezimbili zesignali nentambo eyodwa ephansi.
- Izintambo ezimbili zamasignali ziphethe isignali yomsindo efanayo, kodwa ene-polarity ehlehlisiwe.
- Intambo yaphansi ivikela izintambo zesignali ekuphazamisekeni nomsindo.
- Izintambo ezilinganayo ziza nezixhumi ezimbili ezivamile: izixhumi zomsindo ze-TRS (Ithiphu/Indandatho/Isikhwama) nezintambo ze-XLR.
Uyini Umsindo Ongalingani?
- Umsindo ongalinganiseli uwuhlobo lwekhebuli yomsindo esebenzisa izintambo ezimbili: intambo yesiginali nentambo ephansi.
- Intambo yesiginali iphethe isignali yomsindo, kuyilapho intambo yaphansi ithwala ingxenye yomsindo futhi isebenza njengendawo eyireferensi nesihlangu.
- Izintambo ezingakalingani ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izixhumi ezimbili ezihlukene zomsindo: isixhumi esijwayelekile se-TS (Ithiphu/Isikhwama) nezixhumi ze-RCA.
Izinzuzo Zomsindo Olinganiselayo
- Umsindo olinganiselayo ungcono ekukhanseleni umsindo nokuphazamiseka.
- Amakhebuli abhalansi angasebenza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwanoma yimuphi umthelela kukhwalithi yomsindo.
- Umsindo olinganiselayo unganikeza ikhwalithi yomsindo engcono ngaphandle kwesistimu yakho.
Isiphetho
Sengiphetha, uma kukhulunywa ngezinto ezilalelwayo, kukhona ukuxhumana kwejekhi yomsindo okungu-5 okukhulu okufanele ukwazi ngakho: I-TRS, i-XLR, i-TS, i-RCA, nezintambo zesipika. Khumbula ukuthi i-TRS ne-XLR ukuxhumana okulinganiselwe, kuyilapho i-TS ne-RCA azilingani. Okokugcina, ungabi “yi-CABLE-NOOB” futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyawazi umehluko phakathi kwekhebuli yesipika nekhebula lensimbi!
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
