Ifrikhwensi yomsindo, noma imvamisa nje, isilinganiso senani lezikhathi lapho iphethini yezikhathi ezithile efana nokudlidliza komsindo okwenzeka ngayo ngomzuzwana.
Imvamisa iyisici esibalulekile somsindo ngoba silolonga indlela abantu abawubona ngayo.
Isibonelo, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemisindo yefrikhwensi ephansi kanye ne-high-frequency futhi siyazwela kumafrikhwensi ebangeni elimaphakathi.
Uma umsindo unamandla amaningi kumafrikhwensi aphezulu, izindlebe zethu zingase zingakwazi ukuthatha amaza aphansi, okuholela ezwini elinzima. Ngokufanayo, uma amandla amaningi egxilile kumafrikhwensi aphansi, izindlebe zethu zingase zingakwazi ukubona amafrikhwensi aphezulu.
Ukuqonda umgomo oyisisekelo wokuvama kusiza abaculi nomsindo onjiniyela khiqiza izingxube zomculo ezingcono. Umculo orekhodiwe ngamaleveli angalungile noma ongafakwanga kahle izinsimbi ungase ubangele izingxube ezinomsindo wodaka futhi ezingacacisi kahle. Ukukhetha amathuluzi namasampuli ngokusekelwe kububanzi bawo—noma ithoni—kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni amamiksi abhalansi akhipha izici ezihlukile zensimbi ngayinye futhi azihlanganise nazo zonke ezinye izici zengoma. Ukwengeza, onjiniyela abangochwepheshe basebenzisa izinqubo ze-equalization (EQ) ukuze balawule futhi balolonge la mafrikhwensi abe yingxube ekhombekayo ebonisa ukucaca kuwo wonke amazinga kuyilapho igcina ibhalansi iyonke.
Iyini Imvamisa Yomsindo?
Imvamisa yomsindo izinga lapho amagagasi omsindo anyakaza noma adlidliza ngaso isikhathi esithile. Ikalwa ngo-Hertz (Hz). Imvamisa yomsindo ithinta ikhwalithi yethoni kanye ne-timbre yomsindo. Kuyisici esibalulekile ekukhiqizweni komculo njengoba kunquma ukuthi izakhi ezahlukene zengoma zizwakala kanjani. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuthi iyini imvamisa yomsindo nokuthi kungani ibalulekile emculweni.
Incazelo
Imvamisa yomsindo, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Hertz (Hz), ububanzi befrikhwensi yomsindo ezwakala endlebeni yomuntu. Imvamisa yomsindo iqala ku-20 Hz futhi igcine ku-20,000 Hz (20 kHz). Lolu chungechunge lwefrikhwensi yomsindo luhlanganisa lokho esikubiza ngokuthi “i-spectrum ezwakalayo”. Lapho siyehla kakhulu ku-spectrum ezwakalayo, imisindo efana ne-bass iba ngaphezulu; ngenkathi siya phezulu ku-spectrum, imisindo efana ne-treble iba.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke umsindo onamazinga alinganayo kuwo wonke amafrikhwensi - ngisho nalapho ubhekisela ekurekhodweni okunempendulo ephansi - ngenxa yezizathu eziningi zomzimba. Isibonelo, isiginci se-bass ngokuvamile singasho phezulu kunevayolin emiksini nakuba ihlanganiswe ngokulinganayo kwesokunxele nakwesokudla kumxube we-stereo ngoba amathuluzi e-bass akhiqiza amaza aphansi abantu abangawezwa kangcono kunamafrikhwensi aphezulu.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi abakhiqizi bomculo nonjiniyela bomsindo ngokufanayo bawuqonde lo mqondo uma behlose ukudala umculo noma ukuhlanganisa umsindo ngobungcweti. Ama-Dynamic EQ avame ukusetshenziswa phakathi nokugeleza komsebenzi wokukhiqiza umculo ukuze kuqoshwe noma yiziphi iziqongo ezingadingeki kuzo zonke izifunda zefrikhwensi ngokuya ngezinhloso zomculo ezifiswayo. Ukwengeza ama-Compressor angasetshenziswa eduze kwama-EQ kweminye imisebenzi efana nokukhulisa amaleveli evolumu acatshangwayo phakathi kwamaMiksi namaseshini Wokulinganisa.
Imvamisa Ububanzi
Imvamisa yomsindo iyisici esibalulekile sokukhiqizwa komsindo nomculo, njengoba inquma ukuphakama nobubanzi bomsindo. Ifrikhwensi ihlobene nokuthi into idlidliza ngokushesha kangakanani - uma inombolo iphezulu, idlidliza ngokushesha. Ikalwa nge-hertz (Hz).
Indlebe yomuntu ngokuvamile ibona amaza phakathi kuka-20 Hz no-20,000 Hz (noma 20 kHz). Izinsimbi zomculo eziningi zikhiqiza imisindo ngaphakathi kwalolu hlu. Nokho, akuyona yonke imisindo ezwakala kubantu; amanye amafrikhwensi aphansi kakhulu noma aphakeme kakhulu ukuthi izindlebe zethu zingawazwa.
Amasignali omsindo angahlukaniswa ngobubanzi befrikhwensi :
-I-Sub-bass: 0–20 Hz (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-infrasonic noma i-ultrasonic). Lokhu kuhlanganisa amaza esingakwazi ukuwezwa kodwa okutholwa okokusebenza kwedijithali, okusenza sikwazi ukuwakhohlisa ukuze sikhiqize imithelela yomsindo eyingqayizivele.
-Ibhesi: 20–250 Hz (amaza aphansi)
-Phansi Maphakathi: 250–500 Hz
-I-Midrange: 500–4 kHz (lolu hlu luqukethe okuqukethwe okuvumelanayo okuningi kwezinsimbi zezwi nezemvelo)
-Phakathi okuphezulu: 4 – 8 kHz
-Upper treble/ukuba khona: 8 – 16 kHz (ivumela ukucaca ezingxenyeni zezwi ngazinye noma izinsimbi)
-I-Super treble/i-airband: 16 -20kHz (idala ukuphela okuphezulu nokuvuleka).
Imvamisa Yomsindo Iwuthinta Kanjani Umculo?
Ukuvama komsindo kuyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi umsebenzi womculo uzozwakala kanjani. Imvamisa yomsindo isilinganiso sebanga lamafrikhwensi abantu abangawabona ngomsindo. Ivamise ukuvezwa nge-hertz futhi ingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekutheni ingoma izwakala kanjani. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi imvamisa yomsindo iwuthinta kanjani umculo nokuthi kungani kubalulekile lapho kukhiqizwa umculo.
Amafrikhwensi aphansi
Amafrikhwensi aphansi enza umculo uzizwe unzima ngoba aphethe amandla aphansi akhona ezinsimbini eziningi. Amafrikhwensi aphansi angazwakala njengokuzwakala ngokomzimba ngama-headphone, izipikha ngisho nama-headphone akhansela umsindo. Ibanga lamaza omsindo esiwalalelayo liphakathi kuka-20 Hz no-20,000 Hz, kodwa ngokuvamile, abantu abaningi bavame ukuzwa imisindo ebangeni elincane eliphakathi kuka-50 Hz kuya ku-10 kHz.
Amabanga Aphansi Emvamisa
Ibanga eliphansi lomsindo ozwakalayo litholakala ngaphansi kuka-100 Hz futhi lakhiwe ngamanothi e-bass - ama-octaves aphansi efrikhwensi adalwe amathuluzi afana nama-bass guitar, amabhesi akabili, izigubhu namapiyano. Lezi zizwakala ngaphezu kokuzwakala ngoba zivame ukudlidliza umsele wendlebe yakho okubangela ukuzwa kwawo okwengeza amandla nokugcwala kungxubevange. Izingoma eziningi zinezandiso zesiphetho esiphansi phakathi kuka-50 – 70 Hz nge-heft eyengeziwe kusiteji sokuba khona.
High Frequency Ranges
Ububanzi be-spectral obuphakeme bungaphezu kuka-4 kHz futhi bukhiqiza imisindo ecacile noma egqamile kusukela kumathuluzi afana namasimbali, izinsimbi ezikhalayo noma amanothi aphezulu avela kumapiyano noma amakhibhodi. Amafrikhwensi aphezulu akhiqiza ukuphakama kwephimbo okuphezulu kunemisindo ephansi yefrikhwensi - cabanga ukuthi insimbi yesonto izwakala icace kangakanani uma iqhathaniswa nokuduma! Izindlebe zakho zingezwa kufika ku-16 kHz noma 18 kHz, kodwa noma yini engaphezu kuka-8 kWh ibizwa ngokuthi “i-ultra high frequency” range (UHF). Kuyasiza ukuhlukanisa ukuphefumula okuthile noma imininingwane kumathuluzi ahlanganiswe eduze kakhulu ebengalahleka ngaphansi kokunye kumazinga ajwayelekile okulalela.
Ama-Mid Frequencies
Amafrikhwensi amaphakathi ajwayele ukuqukatha izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kuthrekhi, njengomculo oyinhloko, umthofu nezinsimbi zangemuva. Ekurekhodweni kwezwi, i-mid-range iqukethe izwi lomuntu elibaluleke kakhulu. Phakathi kuka-250Hz no-4,000Hz, uzothola izingxenye ezimaphakathi zemiksi yakho.
Ngendlela efanayo ongasebenzisa ngayo i-EQ ukusika amaza athile ukuze uvulele ezinye izakhi kungxube yakho, ungayisebenzisa futhi ukuze uthuthukise noma unciphise noma iyiphi yalawa maza aphakathi nendawo ukuze ihambisane kangcono nezidingo zakho zomculo. Ukuthuthukisa noma ukunciphisa amaza athile ngaphakathi kwalobu bubanzi kunganikeza amathrekhi ukuba khona okwengeziwe noma kuwenze "azike" endaweni yawo, ngokulandelana. Kuyasiza uma uxuba ingoma equkethe izingxenye zomculo ezimbalwa noma izinsimbi ezimatasa eziningi ezidlala ebangeni lefrikhwensi efanayo; lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugxile kulokho okubalulekile ngenkathi ugcina umsindo olinganiselayo.
Ngokungeziwe ekulungiseni amafrikhwensi angawodwana engxenyeni emaphakathi yengxube yakho, kungase futhi kube usizo (ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile) ukusebenzisa i-plugin yesilinganisi esingeza ubukhona noma ukucaca kuwo wonke amafrikhwensi ngaphakathi kwalolu banga (isb, i-Aphex Aural Exciter). Ngokwenza kanjalo, uzokwazi ukwenza imali kuwo wonke lawo ma-harmonics webanga elimaphakathi futhi udale i-soundscape eyindingilizi kakhudlwana enencazelo engcono phakathi kwezinsimbi ezihlukile nezinto ezitholakala ngaphakathi kwalolu banga lwefrikhwensi.
Amafrikhwensi aphezulu
Amafrikhwensi aphezulu, noma ama-treble, atholakala kusiteshi esilungile sengxube ye-stereo futhi aqukethe imisindo ezwakalayo ephezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-2,000 Hz). Ibhalansi yamafrikhwensi aphezulu eduze kwebanga elimaphakathi namaza aphansi kuvame ukuholela esithombeni esicacile se-sonic. Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokukhanyisa ithrekhi futhi banikeze ukucaciseleka kumathuluzi okubhalisa aphezulu njengamasimbali nama-woodwinds.
Kumamiksi anokuqukethwe okunemvamisa ephezulu kakhulu, amathuluzi angaqala ukuzwakala anokhahlo ezindlebeni zakho. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, zama ukunciphisa amafrikhwensi athile ku-spectrum ephezulu. Ukusebenzisa ezicashile ehlunga cishe u-10 kHz kuzonciphisa ukhahlo ngenkathi wenza isiqiniseko sokuthi awulahlekelwa noma yikuphi kwalokho 'kucwebezela' kusuka ku-percussion noma izintambo.
I-treble encane kakhulu ingabangela izingoma ukuthi zilahlekelwe incazelo kuma-octave aphezulu wezinsimbi ezifana nesiginci noma upiyano. I-EQ ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukwethula ngobuqili ukuphakama okwengeziwe ngokukhuphula amaza athile eduze kuka-4-10 kHz ukuze kucace okwengeziwe uma kudingeka. Lokhu kusiza ekukhipheni izakhi ngazinye ngengxube ngaphandle kokuzenza zizwakale zihlaba ezindlebeni zakho. Ukukhuphula ngobuqili amaza aphezulu azungeze i-6 dB kungenza umehluko! Ukwengeza ukuthungwa okwengeziwe noma i-ambience engomeni, imisindo ebanzi yereb enokuqukethwe okuvama kakhulu ingasetshenziswa futhi; lokhu kunikeza imiphumela enomsindo noma ephuphile ehlala kahle ngaphezu kwamathrekhi omculo kanye neminye imisindo emiksini.
Isiphetho
Sengiphetha, imvamisa yomsindo iyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqiza umculo kanye nobunjiniyela bomsindo obufanele. Kuyisilinganiso sokucindezela komsindo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okukhiqiza ukuhlukahluka kwephimbo okudingekayo ukuze udale umculo. Ububanzi balo bunquma ububanzi bamanothi azwiwe indlebe yomuntu esiqeshini esithile somculo futhi incazelo yawo ingahluka kusukela kunsimbi eyodwa kuya kwesinye. Ukuqonda ukuthi le ngxenye isebenza kanjani kuvumela abaculi, onjiniyela nabakhiqizi ukuthi bathole umsindo ongcono kakhulu ekurekhodweni kwabo. Ngokucutshungulwa ngokucophelela ibhalansi yefrikhwensi yethrekhi njengoba ikhiqizwa, inganikeza ingoma ukucaca, ukuthungwa kanye nobubanzi obudingekayo kumculo ozwakalayo ozwakalayo. Kuyingxenye eyodwa yokuqedela noma yikuphi ukukhiqizwa kwebanga lochwepheshe.
NginguJoost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Neaera kanye nomkhangisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba, futhi ngiyathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ngesiginci enhliziyweni yesifiso sami, futhi kanye nethimba lami, bengilokhu ngidala izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2020. ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngokurekhoda namathiphu esiginci.
