I-Telescoping yindlela yokulungelelanisa ulwazi olubandakanya ukwahlula-hlula izihloko ezinkulu kunye neengcinga zibe mfutshane, iindlela ezilungelelanisiweyo zonxibelelwano.
Le ndlela isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuququzelela izihloko kunye neengcamango ezinzima, njengoko zivumela ukuba zibonakaliswe ngendlela eqondakalayo, ehambelanayo.
Eli nqaku lijonge ukucacisa iziseko zetelescoping, kubandakanya nengcaciso, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Inkcazo yeTelescoping
I-Telescoping yindlela yokulungelelanisa umxholo osebenza ngendlela ye-hierarchical, kunye nenqanaba ngalinye leenkcukacha ezimele inqanaba langaphambili kwifom efinyeziweyo. Kuluncedo ukushwankathela imathiriyeli ejongene nokuntsokotha, okanye ukuvumela abafundi ukuba babambe ngokukhawuleza izinto eziphambili ezithatha kwisihloko ngaphandle kokungena kuzo zonke iinkcukacha kuqala. Ukuyibeka ngokulula, iteleskopu ikuvumela ukuba uhambe kumbono obanzi kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe utyhile iinkcukacha ngakumbi njengoko usihla de ufikelele kwiinkcukacha ezithile ezantsi.
Le ndlela yokushwankathela umxholo ayiphelelanga kuyo nayiphi na intsimi enye - ingasetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezifana nobuntatheli, ukubhala ishishini kunye noncwadi. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeendlela zokujonga iteleskopu ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngokuxhomekeka kumxholo osetyenziswayo:
-I telescoping yolwimi
-I-Telescoping esebenzayo
-Upward/Downward Telescoping
-Itheleskophu yomhlathi
-Isihloko seTelesikophu
-I-Telescoping yePiramidi eNgenelweyo
Imbali yeTelescoping
I-Telescoping bubuchule obusetyenziselwa ukuhlanganisa umxholo ube ngamagama ambalwa. Isetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwimathematika, i-optics, uncwadi kunye nobuntatheli. Ukusetyenziswa kwakuqala kweteleskopu kunokulandwa emva kwiGrisi yamandulo kunye neTshayina apho yayisetyenziselwa ukuchaza imilinganiselo yeenkwenkwezi. EYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-18, uJohann Zahn wavelisa izixhobo zetelescopic esekwe kwiilensi ezenziwe ngeglasi yesithsaba. Le teknoloji yaphuhliswa kamva nguJoseph Fraunhofer ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.
Kumaxesha anamhlanje, ababhali kunye neentatheli baye bamkela iteleskopu njengendlela yokudibanisa izihloko ezintsonkothileyo zibe sisishwankathelo esiqondakalayo kunye nesishwankathelo. Umzekelo, amaphepha enzululwazi abandakanya izishwankathelo ezisebenza njengesishwankathelo semiba ephambili yephepha; iintetho zikamongameli ngamanye amaxesha ziquka amanqaku agqamileyo ekupheleni ashwankathela intetho; kwaye amanqaku eendaba ahlala enesishwankathelo esinesivakalisi esinye samabali awo ekuqaleni okanye ekupheleni. Ekugqibeleni, iiteleskopu zibonelela ngendlela elula yokuba abafundi okanye abaphulaphuli bakhuphe ngokukhawuleza ulwazi olunentsingiselo kwiingcaciso ezinde okanye kwiintetho ngaphandle kokuyifunda okanye ukuyiphulaphula iyonke iyonke.
Iintlobo zeTelescoping
I-Telescoping yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokwandisa ukufikelela kweteleskopu yakho kwaye ukhulise iimbono zakho zesibhakabhaka ebusuku. I-Telescoping ligama le-ambrela eliquka uluhlu lweentlobo zeteleskopu, ezibandakanya i-refracting, reflecting, kunye ne-catadioptric telescopes. Uhlobo ngalunye lweteleskopu lubonelela ngezibonelelo zalo kunye nentsilelo kuxhomekeke kwindlela oceba ukuzisebenzisa ngayo. Makhe sijonge kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeteleskopu kunye neempawu zazo ezahlulayo.
I-Telescoping yokwenziwa ngesandla
I-Manual Telescoping luhlobo lweteleskopu ebandakanya iteleskopu kunye/okanye iirodi ezilungelelanisiweyo ekufuneka zolulwe ngokwasemzimbeni kwaye zifinyezwe ngesandla. Oku kunokubandakanya iintambo okanye iintambo ezisebenza ngesandla ukufezekisa umphumo ofanayo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeteleskopu ngesandla - ukwandiswa okupheleleyo kunye nolungelelwaniso oluhlengahlengiswayo. Uyilo olupheleleyo lolwandiso lusebenzisa iintonga ezininzi ezisuka kwipali esembindini ukuya ngaphandle ngendlela yecylindrical, ukuya kwiziphelo zombini zenkalo yembono yomsebenzisi. Ulungelelwaniso oluhlengahlengiswayo luhlala lubandakanya izikhonkwane ezininzi zetsimbi ezinokushukunyiswa, zivumela ubude obahlukeneyo ukuba buphunyezwe kulungiselelo lwetyhubhu efanayo.
I-Telescoping yeManuwali ivumela ulawulo olukhulu xa ufuna ukwandisa ngakumbi iteleskopu, okanye utshintshe ubungakanani bayo ngokukhawuleza phakathi kokwandiswa okanye ubungakanani obahlukeneyo. Iteleskopu eyenziwa ngesandla isoloko isetyenziselwa iibhayinotyhulasi, iiteleskopu zokubona kunye nezinto zokuzilibazisa eziyilelwe ukujonga umhlaba, ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, ubunzima obulula kunye nokubumbana kwazo xa zithe zadilika kubude bazo zokuphumla okanye ziphinde zabuyela kuzo ngokupheleleyo. Isetyenziswe kwi-high-end, i-multi-element optics kunye ne-cable grade optics eqhutywa ngentambo kunye neetyhubhu ze-aluminium ezibonelela ngokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwiindleko eziphantsi kuneenguqulelo zonke zetsimbi.
I-Motorized Telescoping
Iteleskopu yeemoto ithandwa kakhulu kwizicelo apho umsebenzi wezandla ungenzeki okanye ulungele. Iisistim zetyhubhu ye-telescoping yemoto zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimizi-mveliso, yezorhwebo, kunye neseto lweemoto kwizicelo ezininzi. IiMotor, nokuba zezombane okanye zehydraulic, ziyilelwe ukuba zombini zityhale kwaye zitsale izindlu zetyhubhu ezinde. Iinjini zombane zidla ngokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi endlwini njengenxalenye yenkqubo yomatshini wokuzenzekela. Iinjini zeHydraulic zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngaphandle kuba zomelele kwaye zifuna ukugcinwa okuncinci kuneenjini zombane.
Iindidi zeenkqubo zedizili eziqhutywa ngeteleskopu zahluka ngokubanzi ngokwesicelo esithile. Uninzi lweenkqubo zeteleskopu eziqhutywa ngeemoto zibandakanya amacandelo amabini angundoqo: inkqubo yokuvula enika amandla umatshini kunye nomlawuli olawula intshukumo yezindlu zetyhubhu yeteleskopu (enokuthi iqulathe iindawo eziqinileyo okanye ezingenanto). Ukwenza lula ukuntsonkotha okuhambelana nokwandisa okanye ukurhoxisa le mibhobho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe i-activator elawulwa yikhompyuter eququzelela imisebenzi egudileyo nechanekileyo kunye nexesha elincinci lokumisela elifunwa ngabasebenzisi. Ukongeza, iindawo zokufikelela ezibekwe kwiziphelo ezichaseneyo zetyhubhu zinokuvumela abasebenzisi abaninzi ukuba bayandise ngaxeshanye ukuba kuyimfuneko. Iyunithi yokuqhuba esebenza ngamandla ibonelela ngolawulo olupheleleyo lokusasazwa ngawo onke amaxesha ukusuka ekuqaleni, ukumisa, kunye nokucwangcisa yonke imiyalelo kulo lonke ixesha lokusebenza oluyimfuneko nasiphi na isicelo.
Iinzuzo zeTelescoping
ITelescoping sisixhobo esinamandla esisetyenziswa ngabathwebuli beenkwenkwezi ukufota imifanekiso emangalisayo yesibhakabhaka ebusuku. Inika amandla okukhulisa aphezulu, ibala elongezelelekileyo lokujonga kunye nokuphatheka oko kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lukhethwayo kwii-astrophotographers ezifunda ngeenkwenkwezi kunye neengcali ngokufanayo. Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga iingenelo ezinokubonelelwa ngeteleskopu, ukusuka ekubambeni izinto ezibuthathaka ukuya kwimifanekiso ebanzi.
UkuFikelela okwandisiweyo
I-Telescoping yinkqubo yokwandisa okanye ukudiliza into ukuze ithathe indawo encinci xa ingasetyenziswa. I-Telescoping isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiileli, ii-eriyali, iiplanga kunye nezinye izinto ezinde. I-Telescoping inokufunyanwa kwizicelo zobunjineli boomatshini njengomzekelo usebenzisa i-spindles shifting kumatshini-izixhobo.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zeteleskopu kukwanda ukufikelela. Ngokwandisa ubude bento ngenkqubo yeteleskopu, ukufikelela ngakumbi kunokufezekiswa ngelixa kugcinwe ubungakanani obubambeneyo xa ingasetyenziswa. Oku kwenza ukuba izinto zibe lula ukuzigcina nokuthutha kuba azifuni gumbi lininzi xa zingasetyenziswa. I-Telescoping idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiileli ukunika ukufikelela okongeziweyo kodwa ezinobukhulu obulawulekayo xa zigcinwe kude okanye zithuthwa ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Ii-eriyali zikholisa ukuba namacandelo amaninzi anokwandiswa kwaye adilike ngokunjalo, enikezela ukusebenza okukhulu ngelixa uwagcina emncinci ngokwaneleyo ukuba abekwe ngokulula eludongeni okanye kwifestile yefestile xa ingasetyenziswa.
Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo
Iteleskopu yandisa ubude beleli, ngokufuthi ifikelela ngokuphindwe kabini kubude bayo obuqhelekileyo. Iileli zeTelescoping zibonelela ngokhuseleko olwandisiweyo kunye nokufikeleleka. Olu hlobo lweleli likuvumela ukuba usebenze kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ngelixa ugcina ubuninzi bezinzo kunye nokhuseleko olunikezelwa yileli rhoqo. Iileli zeTelescoping ziyilwe ngendlela yokutshixa ethintela amacandelo ukuba angawi xa esetyenziswa. Ngaphezu koko, uyilo lweteleskopu lufuna indawo yokugcina encinci kune-stepladder yendabuko, iyenza ibe sisisombululo esifanelekileyo kubanini bezindlu abanegumbi lokugcina elilinganiselweyo kwigaraji okanye ishedi. Ukongezelela, umnqweno wokufikelela ngakumbi udla ngokugqithisa iinkxalabo malunga nobunzima kunye nobukhulu; izinto ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje zithande ukuba khaphukhaphu kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa.
Ukonyuka koKuguquguquka
I-Telescoping inikeza inani leenzuzo xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zemveli ezisisigxina. Inzuzo yokuqala kunye neyona inkulu kukuphucula ukuguquguquka. I-Telescoping ifumana oku ngokuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bahlengahlengise ubude besixhobo semisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngokulungelelanisa ubude, abasebenzisi banokufikelela kwiindawo ezinzima ukufikelela kuzo kwaye benze imisebenzi engenakwenzeka ngesixhobo esisodwa sobude.
Izixhobo zeTelescoping zinokunceda abasebenzisi bonge ixesha kuba banokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ubude bezixhobo zabo njengoko begqibezela imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, izixhobo zeteleskopu ziyindawo yoqoqosho ngakumbi njengoko zifuna ukugcinwa okuncinci ngenxa yobukhulu bazo kunye nendalo elungelelanisiweyo. Oku kubenza balungele iingcali ezisebenza kwiindawo ezixineneyo kwaye zinomthamo olinganiselweyo wokugcina. Ekugqibeleni, izixhobo ze-telescoping zikwabonelela abasebenzisi ngokuchaneka okuphuculweyo njengoko ubude obude buvumela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla angcono kunezixhobo zobude obusisigxina, okubangela ukuchaneka okungcono kunye nokuchaneka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Usetyenziso lweTelescoping
I-Telescoping sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo kwimathematika, i-astronomy kunye ne-physics. I-Telescoping ingasetyenziselwa ukusombulula ii-equations, ukujonga izinto ezikude, kunye nokufunda intshukumo yamasuntswana okanye amaza. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxoxa ngezinye zezicelo zeteleskopu, kunye nendlela enokusetyenziswa ngayo ukwenza lula izibalo kunye nokufumanisa ulwazi olutsha.
ukwakhiwa
I-Telescoping sisicelo esisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi esisebenzela amashishini amaninzi. Kwishishini lokwakha, i-telescoping isetyenziselwa ukukhusela nokulungelelanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo, iinxalenye kunye nezixhobo. I-telescoping inokuzinzisa izinto ezithe nkqo ezifana neepali zescaffold kunye nezixhobo zokukhanya, ezibonelela ngeemeko ezikhuselekileyo zokusebenza kwisiza. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukuxhasa izinto ngokukhuselekileyo, ukunceda ukudala iziphumo ezilungileyo kwimveliso egqityiweyo. Ngokomzekelo, ama-sawhorse ahlengahlengiswayo anokunceda ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuqulunqa ngokususa amanyathelo angeyomfuneko xa usarha iinkuni okanye izinto zokusika kwi-angle.
Kwimveliso kunye nezicelo ze-welding, iityhubhu ze-telescopic ziyadlala ngokunjalo. Iityhubhu zeTelescopic zinokusebenza njengesikhokelo okanye umkhono wokugcina iziqwenga zoomatshini zilungelelaniswe kakuhle ngexesha lokuhlanganisa. I-Telescoping ikwasetyenziswa kwitekhnoloji yerobhothi, apho iingalo zerobhothi zifuna inkxaso yokuqinisekisa iintshukumo ezichanekileyo ngokuchaneka okuphindaphindwayo kwixesha elide. Kwizicelo zobunjineli beemoto ezifana neenkqubo zokuphakamisa isithuthi kunye neendawo zothumelo, iteleskopu iba yimfuneko ukuze uhambise iindawo ezinzima ngokuthembekileyo ngaphandle kokuzonakaliswa ngelixa usendleleni okanye ukugcinwa.
amashishini
I-Telescoping inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwiindawo zoshishino. Ukusuka kwinkxaso yezixhobo ukuya kwiindonga zeeshelufu ezilungelelanisiweyo, amacandelo eteleskopu aphambili kubunjineli boshishino kunye noyilo. Amacandelo omatshini kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini zihlala zisebenzisa i-telescoping ukongeza uzinzo, ukuchaneka, okanye ulawulo lwentshukumo kwisakhiwo. I-Telescoping inokubonelela ngohlengahlengiso olulula noluthembekileyo koomatshini, iitafile, iingalo zoomatshini kunye noyilo lwerobhothi. ITelescoping ikwasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zeHVAC (ubushushu, umoya wokuphefumla, kunye nomoya womoya). Iinkxaso zeTelesikophu zinokuba luncedo kakhulu ekunikeni ulwandiso oluhlengahlengiswayo kwiindawo ezivaliweyo ezinobude obahlukeneyo okanye ububanzi obunje ngoovimba okanye iifektri. Ngokusebenzisa iinxalenye zeteleskopu kuneemodeli ezininzi ezingaguquguqukiyo zinokungena kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngelixa ugcina imfezeko yolwakhiwo. Iibhomu zeTelescopic ziqhele ukufunyanwa kwimisebenzi yokuphakamisa imathiriyeli ngenxa yomthamo wazo wokufikelela ixesha elide xa indawo incinyiwe njengezinyusi apho iilifti ezisemgangathweni zingenako ukungena ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelweyo ngezizathu zokhuseleko.
ukonwatyiswa
I-Telescoping isetyenziswa ngakumbi kushishino lokuzonwabisa ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Iikhamera zeTelesikophu zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufota ii-engile ezingaqhelekanga kunye nokuphakama okungafikelelekiyo kubadlali abangabantu, okubavumela ukuba babonakale bebandakanyiwe ngakumbi kumboniso ngokwandisa iimbono zekhamera. Iikhonsoli zeTelesikophu ezinekhamera zinokubekwa kwizithuthi ukuze zifote izigcawu ezihambayo okanye zenze izithonga ezikhethekileyo zasemoyeni. Omnye umzekelo woku kuxa iiteleskopu zithwalwa ngeedrones, ezivumela abalawuli ukuba bathabathe ithuba lokudubula okukhulu okubonisa indawo okanye iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zesixeko ngelixa begcina abasebenzi babo bekhuselekile ukusuka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo okanye kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Iiteleskopu nazo zinokulungiswa kwiitripods ukuze kubonelelwe ngemifanekiso ezinzileyo negudileyo kuneekhamera eziphathwa ngesandla.
Ukongeza, itekhnoloji yeteleskopu efunyenwe kwiikhreyini isebenza njengengalo eyongeziweyo ekwaziyo ukuhamba ezantsi kwiindledlana ezimxinwa kunye neendawo ezixineneyo ngelixa ibonelela ngeendlela ezilawulwayo zokuziphatha ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okothusayo-ukunika abenzi befilimu ulawulo loyilo lokuhamba komsebenzi wemveliso. IiRisers, kwelinye icala, zibonelela ngomphakamo obalulekileyo wobude kwaye ke ngoko ziphuculwe iindawo zokubona ngexesha lokufota ngenxa yesakhono sazo sokumisa emoyeni kunye nokuphakama okukhulu kokufikelela (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 yeenyawo). Zonke ezi zisombululo zenza kube lula kubalawuli kunye nabadlali be-cinematographs bafumana izitofu ezizinzile ngakumbi kunanini ngaphambili.
isiphelo
ITelescoping yeyona nkqubela phambili yobuchwepheshe ebangele ukuba iiteleskopu zikwazi ukuthatha eyona mifanekiso icacileyo yeminyele ekude kunye neeplanethi. Iiteleskopu zinokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwi-astrophotography ukuya kumsebenzi wokuzonwabisa. I-Telescoping isivumela ukuba sandise ukufikelela kumbono wethu, isinika ithuba lokuphonononga kunye nokufumanisa i-expanses engenasiphelo yendalo yethu yonke.
I-Telescoping iluncedo kwimisebenzi yolonwabo kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi kwaye inokunceda ukunika iimpendulo malunga neemfihlakalo ezinxulumene ne-astronomy, i-physics kunye nezinye iindawo zesayensi. Ngaphandle kokuthandwa kwayo okukhulayo, kusabalulekile ukuba ababukeli beenkwenkwezi bahloniphe imithetho yendawo ngaphambi kokuba baphume ebusuku ngeteleskopu. Ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko anjengokunxiba iimpahla ezibonakala kakhulu xa ujonga iinkwenkwezi ebusuku kubalulekile ukuze uphephe iingozi okanye iingozi ezinokubakho.
Lilonke, iteleskopu isondeza uluntu lwanamhlanje kufutshane nendalo ekude kunanini na ngaphambili; isinika ulwazi olutsha kwindalo iphela ityhila iimfihlo zayo ezinomtsalane ukusuka ngaphaya kokufikelela kwethu isinika ithuba 'lokukhangela' nzulu esithubeni esisinika umbono okhethekileyo wento eleleyo efihliweyo kwindawo ehlala kuyo iinkwenkwezi ezirhangqwe kubumnyama obungenasiphelo...
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
