I-Dynamics yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomculo enokunceda iimvumi ukuba zivakalise ngokufanelekileyo.
Nokuba yi-forte, ipiyano, i-crescendo okanye i-sforzando, zonke ezi ntshukumo zizisa ukuthungwa kunye nobukhulu bengoma.
Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iziseko ze-dynamics kumculo kwaye sijonge umzekelo wendlela yokusebenzisa i-sforzando ukuzisa umaleko ongezelelweyo wobunzulu kumculo wakho.
Inkcazo yeeNguqulelo
I-Dynamics ligama lomculo elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza Ivolumu kunye nobunzulu besandi okanye inowuthi. Ihambelana ngokuthe ngqo kwintetho kunye novakalelo lweqhekeza. Ngokomzekelo, xa imvumi idlala ngokuvakalayo okanye ngokuthambileyo, zisebenzisa iintshukumo zokuvakalisa okanye ukugxininisa into ethile. I-Dynamics ingasetyenziswa nakwesiphi na isimbo somculo, ukusuka kokwakudala ukuya kwirock kunye nejazz. Izimbo ezahlukeneyo zomculo zihlala zinemigaqo yazo yendlela iintshukumo ezisetyenziswa ngayo.
Xa kufundwa umculo, ii-dynamics zibonakaliswa ngeesimboli ezikhethekileyo ezibekwe ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwaBasebenzi. Nantsi ingcaciso emfutshane kwezinye iisimboli ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nokuba zithetha ukuthini ngokwamandla:
-pp (pianissimo) : Ithe cwaka kakhulu/ithambile
-p (ipiyano) : Ithule/ithambile
-mp (piyano ye-mezzo): Ithe cwaka/ithambile
-mf (mezzo forte): Ingxola ngokuphakathi/yomelele
-f (forte): Ingxola/inamandla
-ff (fortissimo): Ingxola kakhulu/yomelele
-sfz (sforzando): Ifakwe ngokungqongqo inowuthi enye/ichord kuphela
Iinguqu eziguquguqukayo zongeza umbala kunye noxinzelelo lwengqondo kwiivesi zomculo. Ukusebenzisa umahluko oguqukayo kuzo zonke iziqwenga zomculo kunceda ukubenza babe nomdla ngakumbi kwaye bonwabe kubaphulaphuli.
Iintlobo zeDynamics
Ii-Dynamics zisetyenziswa emculweni ukubonisa ukuba ivolyum ibephezulu okanye ithambe kangakanani. I-Dynamics ichazwa njengoonobumba kwaye ibekwe ekuqaleni kweqhekeza okanye ekuqaleni kwesicatshulwa. Zinokusuka kwippp (ezolileyo kakhulu) ukuya kwifff (ekhwaza kakhulu).
Olu lulandelayo luluhlu lweentshukumo ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kumculo:
-PPP (Ipiyano Kathathu): Ithambile kakhulu kwaye ithambile
-PP (Piano): Ithambile
-P (Mezzo Piano): Ithambile ngokuphakathi
-MP (Mezzo Forte): Ikhwaza ngokuphakathi
-Mf (Forte): Ngokuvakalayo
-FF (Fortissimo): Kukhwaza kakhulu
-FFF (i-Triple Forte): Ingxola kakhulu
Iimpawu eziguquguqukayo zinokudityaniswa nezinye iisimboli ezibonisa ubude bexesha, ubunzulu kunye ne-timbre yenqaku. Le ndibaniselwano idala izingqisho ezintsonkothileyo, iitimbres, kunye neendlela ezininzi ezikhethekileyo. Kanye kunye ne-tempo kunye ne-pitch, i-dynamics inceda ukuchaza umlingiswa weqhekeza.
Ukongeza kwiindibano ezamkelweyo kulo lonke ubhalo lomculo, ukuphawula okuguquguqukayo kunokunceda ukubumba imvakalelo ngaphakathi kwisiqwenga ngokongeza umahluko phakathi kwezandi kunye nezithambileyo. Lo mahluko unceda ekudaleni uxinezeleko kwaye wongeze isiphumo esimangalisayo-izinto ezihlala zifumaneka kwiziqwenga zeklasiki kunye nalo naluphi na uhlobo lomculo osebenzisa iindlela zomculo ezongezelelweyo ukwenza amava abandakanyekayo kubaphulaphuli bawo.
Yintoni iSforzando?
I-Sforzando luphawu oluguquguqukayo kumculo, olusetyenziselwa ukugxininisa isingqisho esithile okanye icandelo lomculo. Iqhele ukusetyenziswa kumculo weklasikhi kunye nodumileyo kwaye inokongeza impembelelo enamandla kwingoma. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga ngakumbi kusetyenziso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-sforzando kunye nendlela enokusetyenziswa ngayo kumculo ukuvelisa isandi esinamandla nesishukumisayo.
Inkcazo ye Sforzando
I-Sforzando (sfz), ligama lomculo elisetyenziselwa ukubonisa i-accented, enamandla kunye nohlaselo lwequbuliso kwinqaku. Ifinyeziwe njenge-sfz kwaye iqhele ukunxulunyaniswa nezalathiso zokuthetha ezithetha nomdlali. Kumanqaku omculo, i-sforzando ibonisa ukuhlukahluka okukhulu komculo ngokugxininisa amanqaku athile.
Igama lomculo libhekisela kumandla okuhlasela, okanye isivakalisi, esibekwa kumanqaku athile kumculo othile. Idla ngokuboniswa ngonobumba okekeleyo othi “s” ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwenqaku ekufuneka ibhalwe kulo. Ngengozi inokuphinda iboniswe njenge "sforz" ecaleni kwalo myalelo.
Abadlali badla ngokutolika ngokwahlukileyo iintshukumo ezingqonge intsebenzo yabo. Ngokusebenzisa i-sforzando kwiingoma, abaqambi banokunika iimvumi ngokufanelekileyo imiyalelo kunye nemiqondiso xa kufuneka bagxininise amanqaku athile ngaphakathi kweqhekeza lomculo. Ezi zivakalisi ziviwa kwiindidi ezifana nomculo weklasikhi kunye ne-jazz, apho i-nuance ekubunjweni yenza wonke umehluko phakathi kwempumelelo kunye nokungaphumeleli-ngokwazisa iiyantlukwano ezifihlakeleyo ezifana ne-sforzando i-accents idrama enamandla inokongezwa kwimisebenzi njengoko kufuneka. Iimvumi nazo ziya kuzibhaqa zidlala ngokuthetha ngakumbi kuba ziyakwazi ukwalathisa amandla kumanqaku athile eengoma zazo ngokusebenzisa ngononophelo olu lwalathiso lwentshukumo.
Isishwankathelo, i-sforzando yinto efumaneka rhoqo kumanqaku omculo weklasiki ejoliswe ukongeza uhlaselo olugxininisiweyo kwicandelo eliphawulweyo-ngale ndlela abadlali bayakwazi ukuzivakalisa ngakumbi ngexesha lemidlalo ngokwendlela ukutolikwa kwabo kufuna ukuba benze njalo ukuze benze iingoma. ukuvakala ngcono!
Uyisebenzisa njani iSforzando
I-Sforzando, i-sfz eqhele ukushunqulelwa, luphawu oluguquguqukayo olubonisa isivakalisi esikhawulezileyo nesigxininisiweyo kwinowuthi okanye ichord ethile. Obu buchule buhlala busetyenziselwa ukongeza ugxininiso okanye umahluko oguqukayo kwiziqwenga zomculo, nokuba sisiphi na isitayile. Ingasetyenziselwa ukongeza ivolyum okanye ukuqina kumacandelo omculo.
Owona mzekelo uqhelekileyo wesforzando osetyenziswa kumculo odumileyo ukwizixhobo zomtya apho ukugoba iintambo kwakha ubunzulu bezinto kwaye emva koko ukuwisa olu xinzelelo ngequbuliso kunokwenza inqaku ligqame kwizinto eziyingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-sforzando akufuneki isetyenziswe kuphela kwizixhobo zentambo kodwa kunoko nasiphi na isixhobo somculo ngokubanzi (umz., ubhedu, i-woodwinds, njl. njl.).
Xa usebenzisa i-sforzando accent kulo naliphi na iqela lesixhobo (intambo, ubhedu, i-woodwinds njl.njl.), kubalulekile ukuqwalasela i-aticulation efanelekileyo yelo qela lithile - i-articulation ibhekiselele ekubeni mangaphi amanqaku enziwayo ngaphakathi kwebinzana kunye nobunikazi bawo (umzekelo, i-staccato emfutshane. amanqaku ngokuchasene namabinzana amade e-legato). Umzekelo, ngeentambo xa udibanisa i-sforzando akcent ungafuna amanqaku amafutshane estaccato ngokuchasene namabinzana adlalwayo e-legato apho ukugoba kunokwakha ubunzulu kwaye kwehle ngequbuliso. Ngezixhobo zomoya nazo - kubalulekile ukuba zingene kunye kwibinzana lazo ukuze zikwazi ukwenza ngesandi esinye esidityanisiweyo kunokukhutshwa komphefumlo omnye ongalungelelanisiweyo.
Kukwabalulekile xa usebenzisa i-sforzando dynamics ukuba kubekho ukuthula okwaneleyo phambi kokuba udlale isivakalisi ukuze sigqame ngakumbi kwaye sibe nempembelelo enkulu kumphulaphuli. Xa ubhalwe ngokuchanekileyo kumanqaku omculo wephepha uya kufumana "sfz" ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwamanqaku afanelekileyo - oku kubonisa ukuba loo manqaku athile kufuneka anikwe ugxininiso olongezelelweyo xa enziwe kwaye alandelwe kukuchazwa ngokuchanekileyo kwawo nakweliphi na icala lawo!
Amandla kuMculo
Izandi zomculo zibhekisa kuluhlu lwezandi eziphezulu nezithambileyo. I-Dynamics idala ukuthungwa kunye nomoya, kunye nokugxininisa imixholo ephambili yengoma. Ukwazi indlela yokusebenzisa ngempumelelo ii-dynamics kumculo kunokuphakamisa isandi sakho kwaye uthathe umculo wakho uwuse kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Makhe sijonge kwi-sforzando njengomzekelo wendlela yokusebenzisa ii-dynamics kumculo.
Indlela iiDynamics eziwuchaphazela ngayo uMculo
Intshukumo emculweni yimiyalelo ebhaliweyo echaza ukungxola okanye ukuzola komculo. Iisimboli ezahlukeneyo eziguqukayo ezivela kumculo wephepha zibonisa kubadlali umthamo ochanekileyo ekufuneka badlale kuwo isicatshulwa esithile, ngokuthe ngcembe okanye ngequbuliso ngokutshintsha okukhulu kokuqina.
Olona bizo luqhelekileyo luguquguqukayo yi-forte (ithetha "ingxokozelo"), eboniswa ngokubanzi ngunobumba "F". Isichasi se-forte, pianissimo ("ithambile kakhulu") idla ngokuqatshelwa njengonobumba omncinci "p". Olunye uyilo lwesimboli ngamanye amaxesha luyabonwa, olufana ne-crescendo (isiya ikhwaza ngakumbi) kunye ne-decrescendo (isiya ngokuthamba kancinci).
Nangona izixhobo ezizimeleyo zinokwabelwa ukuguquguquka okwahlukeneyo phakathi kweqhekeza elinikiweyo, umahluko oguqukayo phakathi kwezixhobo unceda ukudala ukuthungwa okunomdla kunye nokuchasana okufanelekileyo phakathi kwamalungu. Umculo uhlala utshintshana phakathi kwamacandelo eengoma eziye zingxole ngakumbi kwaye ziqine ngakumbi zilandelwa ziivesi ezolileyo ezenzelwe ukubonelela ngokuphumla kunye nokuthelekisa nobunzulu bangaphambili. Lo mahluko oguqukayo ungongeza umdla kwipateni ye-ostinato (umculo ophinda-phindayo).
I-Sforzando yintetho yesiTaliyane esetyenziswa njengophawu lomculo oluthetha isivakalisi esinamandla ngequbuliso kwinowuthi enye okanye kwichord; idla ngokuboniswa ngonobumba sfz okanye sffz ngokukhawuleza ilandela inowuthi/ichodi ekhankanyiweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-sforzando yongeza ugxininiso kufuphi nesiphelo samabinzana ukubonisa idrama kunye novakalelo oluphakamileyo, ukudala ukuxhatshazwa ngaphambi kokuba kulungiswe ixesha elizolileyo elijoliswe ekucingeni kunye nokulindela okuza kwenzeka kumxholo. Njengezinye iimpawu ze-dynamics, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa usebenzisa i-sforzando ukuze kunganciphisi isiphumo esinqwenelekayo kuyo nayiphi na iqhekeza elinikiweyo.
Uzisebenzisa njani iiDynamics ukunyusa umculo wakho
Ukusebenzisa ii-dynamics ukwenza umculo onomdla ngakumbi kunye nokwahlukeneyo yinto ephambili yeeokhestra kunye nolungiselelo. I-Dynamics isetyenziselwa ukwazisa amava okuphulaphula, ukugxininisa imixholo, kunye nokwakha ukuya kuvuthondaba. Ukuqonda indlela yokusebenzisa i-dynamics kunokunceda ukubumba isandi esipheleleyo sengoma, iyenze ibe namandla ngakumbi kubaphulaphuli okanye ukuseta iimeko ezithile.
Emculweni, i-dynamics ibhekisa kwinqanaba levolyum apho ingoma yomculo idlalwa khona. Owona mahluko usisiseko kumanqanaba aguqukayo aphakathi kwe-soft (piano) kunye nesandi esikhulu (i-forte). Kodwa kukwakho amanqanaba aphakathi phakathi kwala manqaku mabini - i-mezzo-piano (mp), i-mezzo-forte (mf), i-fortissimo (ff) kunye ne-disi-evumela abaqambi ukuba baphinde bakhuphe ii-nuances kwiingoma zabo. Ngokugxininisa isingqi okanye amanqaku athile ngokugxininisa enye Uluhlu olunamandla ngaphezu kwesinye, iimvumi zinokunceda ukucacisa amabinzana okanye ukongeza umbala kwiingoma zabo ngaphandle kokutshintsha utyikityo oluphambili okanye ukwakhiwa kwechordal.
Utshintsho oluguquguqukayo kufuneka lusetyenziswe ngononophelo kodwa nangeenjongo kulo naliphi na iculo ukuze libe nesiphumo esiphezulu. Ukuba udlala ngeokhestra epheleleyo, ngoko wonke umntu kufuneka adlale ngoxinzelelo lwesandi esingaguqukiyo; kungenjalo isandi siya kungalingani kakhulu ukusuka kumaqela ezixhobo ngexesha lotshintsho ukusuka ku-mp–mf–f njl njl. Izixhobo ezithile zinokuba neemvakalelo zazo ze-staccato ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela olukhawuleza ngayo utshintsho oluguqukayo ngaphakathi kwamabinzana-afana namaxilongo adlala i-forte kude kube kumanqaku ambalwa okugqibela ebinzana emva koko ahlehle ngokukhawuleza ezantsi kwipiyano ukuze umdlali ocula yedwa wefleyiti enze imizimba phezu kwepiyano. ukudibanisa ukuthungwa.
Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthunga i-dynamics yenye yeendlela iimvumi ezinokuphuhlisa utoliko lwentsusa kwaye zenze umbala kulo naliphi na icwecwe abalifundayo kwaye balenze - nokuba kukudityanisiwe, njengenxalenye yenkqubo ephuculweyo ye-solo, okanye ukwenza into entsha ekhaya ngezixhobo zedijithali ezifana nabalawuli be-MIDI. okanye izixhobo ezibonakalayo. Ukuthatha ixesha lokucinga kwaye uziqhelanise nokubumba izandi ngokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kuya kuhlawula imbuyekezo buqu nangobuchule-ukunceda abadlali abancinci ukuba baqhubele phambili kubuchule obunokwenzeka kuwo onke amanqanaba!
isiphelo
I-Sforzando sisixhobo esinamandla sokuzisa intetho engakumbi kunye ne-nuance kumculo wakho. Ukukwazi ukongeza i-ritardando, i-crescendo, i-accents, kunye nolunye uphawu oluguqukayo kwiingoma zakho kunokunyusa kakhulu umgangatho womsebenzi wakho. Ukongeza, ukufunda ukusebenzisa ii-dynamics kumculo wakho kunokukunceda wenze owona mculo usebenzayo, onefuthe, kunye nonomdla. Eli nqaku liphonononge iziseko zesforzando kunye nentshukumo emculweni, kwaye ngethemba likunike ukuqonda okungcono kokuzisebenzisa kwiingoma zakho.
Isishwankathelo seDynamics kunye neSforzando
I-Dynamics, njengoko sibonile, inika amandla okuvakalisa umculo. I-Dynamics zizinto zomculo ezibonisa ubunzulu okanye umthamo wenowuthi okanye ibinzana lomculo. I-Dynamics inokuphawulwa ukusuka kwi-ppp (ezolileyo kakhulu) ukuya ku-fff (ingxola kakhulu). Iimpawu eziguqukayo zisebenza ngokwenza amacandelo akhwazayo nathambileyo ahluke kwaye anike umdla.
I-Sforzando, ngokukodwa, isivakalisi esidla ngokusetyenziselwa ugxininiso kwaye sibhalwe kumculo onomgca omfutshane othe nkqo ngaphezu kwentloko yenowuthi ukwenza ukuba ivakale ngakumbi kunamanqaku ajikelezileyo. Ke ngoko, luphawu olubalulekileyo oluguqukayo olongeza ukubamba okucacileyo kwiingoma zakho. I-Sforzando inokuvelisa imvakalelo kunye nemincili kwiziqwenga zakho zomculo kwaye isetyenziswe njengendlela yokudala intandabuzo okanye utshintsho phakathi kwamacandelo. Ukufumana okuninzi kuyo, linge ngemidibaniso eyahlukeneyo ye-dynamics - ppp ukuya kwi-fff - kunye ne-sforzandos kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwisiqwenga sakho ukuhambisa imo oyifunayo.
Uzisebenzisa njani iiDynamics kuMculo
Ukusebenzisa i-dynamics kumculo yindlela ebalulekileyo yokongeza intetho kunye nomdla kwisiqwenga sakho. I-Dynamics lutshintsho lwenqanaba elihambelanayo, ukusuka phezulu ukuya kuthambile kwaye ubuyele kwakhona. Xa kuculwa umculo, luluvo olulungileyo ukunikela ingqalelo kulwalathiso olubhalwe kumanqaku okanye kuxwebhu olukhokelayo. Ukuba umculo awuqulathanga naziphi na iimpawu eziguqukayo, kulungile ukuba usebenzise ingqiqo yakho xa umisela ukuba ukhwaza kangakanani okanye uzolile kangakanani na.
Iimpawu eziguquguqukayo zinceda iimvumi zibonise utshintsho ukusuka kwinqanaba elithile ukuya kwelinye. Asenokuquka amagama afana nelithi “fortissimo” (ekhwaza kakhulu) okanye “mezzoforte” (enamandla kancinane). Zininzi iisimboli ezisetyenziswa kubhalo lomculo ezineentsingiselo zazo ezifana nophawu lwesforzando olubonisa isivakalisi esinamandla ngendlela engaqhelekanga ekuqaleni kwenqaku okanye ibinzana. Ezinye iisimboli ezifana ne-crescendo, i-decrescendo kunye ne-diminuendo zisetyenziswa zibonisa ukunyuka okuthe chu kunye nokuncipha kwevolumu ngexesha lokuhamba komculo okwandisiweyo.
Xa udlala nezinye iimvumi, ii-dynamics kufuneka kuxoxwe ngazo kwangethuba ukuze wonke umntu azi ukuba amalungu kufuneka adibane njani. Ukuzazi izinto eziguquguqukayo kunokunceda ukukhupha iigrooves ezithile okanye iiyantlukwano ebezinokulahleka ukuba yonke into ibidlalwa kwinqanaba elinye. Isenokwenza uxinezeleko ngexesha leenxalenye ezithile okanye izisombululo xa ii-dynamics zitshintsha ngesiquphe phakathi kwamanqanaba aphezulu okanye athambileyo. Njengoko usiba namava ngakumbi ngokudlala umculo ngendlebe-ukusebenzisa amandla okuguquguquka kunokunceda ukongeza imvakalelo kunye nentetha eya kwenza ukuba ukusebenza kwakho kugqame kwabanye!
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
