Imakrofoni vs. Umgca ngaphakathi | Umahluko phakathi kwenqanaba leMic kunye neNqanaba loMgca lichaziwe

NguJoost Nusselder | Ukuhlaziywa ngo:  January 9, 2021

Ngamaxesha onke iigear gear kunye namaqhinga?

Bhalisela i-newsletter ye-guitarist

Siza kuyisebenzisa kuphela idilesi yemeyile yethu kwincwadana yethu kwaye siyihloniphe eyakho wabucala

molo apho ndiyathanda ukwenza umxholo wasimahla ogcwele iingcebiso zabafundi bam, wena. Andiyamkeli inkxaso-mali ehlawulweyo, uluvo lwam lolwam, kodwa ukuba ufumana iingcebiso zam ziluncedo kwaye ekugqibeleni uthenge into oyithandayo ngenye yamakhonkco am, ndingafumana ikhomishini ngaphandle kweendleko ezongezelelweyo kuwe. Funda nzulu

Qala ukuxhoma kulo naluphi na uhlobo lokurekhoda, ukuziqhelanisa okanye indawo yokusebenza ngokukuko kwaye uya kuva amagama athi 'inqanaba lemakrofoni' kunye 'nenqanaba lomgca' uphoswa jikelele.

Inqanaba lemakrofoni libhekisa kumagalelo apho microphone ziplagiwe, ngelixa inqanaba lomgca libhekisa kwigalelo laso nasiphi na esinye isixhobo esivakalayo okanye isixhobo.

Mic vs umgca kwi

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwemakrofoni kunye nokungena ngaphakathi kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

  • ithekoI-Mics zihlala zisetyenziselwa ii-microphone ngelixa umgca ngaphakathi usetyenziselwa izixhobo
  • Okungenayo: Iimics zisebenzisa igalelo leXLR ngelixa umgca usebenzisa a jack negalelo
  • AmanqanabaAmanqanaba ayahluka ngokuhambelana nezixhobo abahlala kuzo
  • I-Voltage: Iimbane zeentlobo zempawu zihluke kakhulu

Eli nqaku liza kujonga nzulu umahluko phakathi kwemakrofoni kunye nomgca ukuze ube nolwazi olululo olusisiseko ngeteknoloji.

Yintoni inqanaba leMic?

Inqanaba leMic libhekisa kumandla ombane aveliswayo xa imakrofoni ithatha isandi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kungamawaka ambalwa e-volt. Nangona kunjalo, inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lesandi kunye nomgama ukusuka kwimic.

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izixhobo zeaudiyo, inqanaba le-mic lelona libuthathaka kwaye ihlala ifuna i-preamplifier okanye i-mic kulungelelwaniso lomgca ukuyinceda ifike kwinqanaba lomgca kwizixhobo.

Ezi ziyafumaneka njengejelo elinye kunye nezixhobo ezininzi.

Umxube angasetyenziselwa lo msebenzi kwaye, enyanisweni, sisixhobo esikhethiweyo somsebenzi kuba unokudibanisa imiqondiso emininzi kwimveliso enye.

Inqanaba le-mic lihlala lilinganiswe yimilinganiselo ye-decibel dBu kunye ne-dBV. Ihlala iphakathi kwe -60 kunye -40 dBu.

Yintoni inqanaba lomgca?

Inqanaba lomgca li malunga namawaka ali-1,000 anamandla njengakwinqanaba le-mic. Ke ngoko, ezi zimbini zihlala zingasebenzisi iziphumo ezifanayo.

Umqondiso ohamba ukusuka kwitampu ukuya kwisikhulisi esivelisa ingxolo ngezithethi.

Kukho amanqanaba amabini emigangatho esemgangathweni kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

  • -10 dBV yezixhobo zabathengi ezinje ngeDVD kunye neMP3 player
  • +4 dBu yezixhobo zobuchule njengokuxuba iidesika kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa imiqondiso

Uya kufumana kwakhona imiqondiso yeaudio kwisixhobo nakwinqanaba lesithethi. Izixhobo ezinjengekatala kunye neebhasi zifuna ukulungiswa kwangaphambili ukubazisa kwinqanaba lomgca.

Amanqanaba esithethi okwandisa into ephumayo kwi-amp kwizithethi.

Ezi zinamandla ombane angaphezulu kwenqanaba lomgca kwaye zifuna ukuba iintambo zesithethi zigqithise umqondiso ngokukhuselekileyo.

Ukubaluleka kwamanqanaba afanayo

Kubalulekile ukuthelekisa isixhobo esifanelekileyo kunye negalelo elifanelekileyo.

Ukuba awenzi njalo, awuzukufumana siphumo sinqwenelekayo, kwaye unokuzibeka emngciphekweni wokuzihlaza kwindawo efanelekileyo.

Nayi eminye imizekelo yezinto ezinokungahambi kakuhle.

  • Ukuba uqhagamshela imakrofoni kunye nenqanaba lokufaka, awuzukufumana nasiphi na isandi. Kungenxa yokuba uphawu lwe-mic alunamandla okuqhuba igalelo elinamandla.
  • Ukuba uqhagamshela umthombo wenqanaba lomgca kwigalelo le-mic, iya kuwongamela igalelo elikhokelela kwisandi esigqwethekileyo. (Qaphela: Kwezinye izinto zokuxuba eziphezulu, inqanaba lomgca kunye nokufakwa kwenqanaba lemic kunokutshintshiselana).

Amacebo aluncedo

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezinokukunceda xa ukustudiyo.

  • Igalelo kwinqanaba le-mic zihlala zinonxibelelwano lwe-XLR yabasetyhini. Ukufakwa kwinqanaba lomgca ngamadoda kwaye kunokuba ziiJacks ze-RCA, i-jack yefowuni eyi-3.5mm, okanye i-¼ ”jack yefowuni.
  • Kungenxa yokuba isinxibelelanisi esinye singena kwesinye, oko akuthethi ukuba amanqanaba ayalingana. Kwiimeko ezininzi, amagalelo aya kuphawulwa ngokucacileyo. Olu phawu kufuneka lube kukuya kwakho.
  • Isithambisi okanye i-DI (Inaliti ethe ngqo) ibhokisi inokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umbane kwisixhobo. Oku kunokuba luncedo ukuba ufuna ukucoca inqanaba lomgca kwizinto ezinje ngokurekhoda kwidijithali kunye neekhompyuter ezinegalelo mic kuphela. Ezi zinokuthengwa kwiivenkile zomculo kwaye zize kwiinguqulelo zekhebula ezinee-resistors ezakhelweyo.

Ngoku ukuba uyazi iziseko ezimanyelwayo, ulungele umsebenzi wakho wokuqala wobuchwephesha.

Zeziphi ezinye izifundo ezibalulekileyo oziva ukuba i-techs kufuneka ziyazi?

Ukufunda kwakho okulandelayo: Eyona Consoles yokuDibanisa iStudiyo sokuRekhoda siqwalaselwe ngokutsha.

NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.

Ndijonge kwiYouTube apho ndizama khona zonke ezi zixhobo:

Imakrofoni ifumana ivolumu Bhlisa