Zombini inzuzo kunye nevolumu zibonisa uhlobo oluthile lokunyuka okanye ukonyuka kwiipropathi zemakrofoni. Kodwa ezi zimbini azinakusetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo kwaye zahluke kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga!
Fumana ibhekisa kunyuso kwi-amplitude yophawu longeniso, ngelixa ivolumu ivumela ukulawula ukuba isikhululo setshaneli okanye i-amp iphezulu kangakanani kumxube. Inzuzo ingasetyenziswa xa isignali yemakrofoni ibuthathaka ukuyinyusa ihambelane neminye imithombo yesandi.
Kweli nqaku, ndiza kujonga nzulu kwikota nganye njengoko ndihamba kwezinye zezona zinto zisetyenziswayo kunye nomahluko.
Ukuzuza imakrofoni vs umthamo ochaziweyo
Ukuzuza imakrofoni kunye nevolumu yemakrofoni zombini zibalulekile ukuze ufumane esona sandi sibalaseleyo kwimakrofoni yakho.
Ukuzuza imakrofoni kunokukunceda ukonyusa isandi somqondiso ukuze singxole kwaye sivakale ngakumbi, ngelixa ivolyum ye-microphone inokukunceda ukulawula ukuba ingakanani na imveliso ye-microphone.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwala magama mabini kunye nendlela anokuchaphazela ngayo ukurekhoda kwakho.
Yintoni inzuzo yemakrofoni?
Microphone zizixhobo ze-analog eziguqula amaza esandi abe ziimpawu zombane. Esi siphumo sibhekiselwa kuso njengomqondiso kwinqanaba le-mic.
Iimpawu zomgangatho weMic zihlala phakathi kwe -60 dBu kunye -40dBu (dBu yiyunithi yedecibel esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amandla ombane). Oku kuthathwa njengophawu lwesandi olubuthathaka.
Ekubeni izixhobo zeaudio zobuchwephesha zisebenzisa imiqondiso yomsindo "ekwinqanaba lomgca" (+4dBu), nge inzuzo, ngoko unganyusela umgangatho wophawu lwemic ukuya kwinqanaba lomgca omnye.
Kwizixhobo zabathengi, "inqanaba lomgca" ngu -10dBV.
Ngaphandle kwenzuzo, ngekhe ukwazi ukusebenzisa imiqondiso ye-mic kunye nezinye izixhobo zeaudio, njengoko ziya kuba buthathaka kakhulu kwaye zikhokelela kumlinganiselo ombi wophawu-kwingxolo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukondla isixhobo esithile somsindo kunye neempawu ezinamandla kunenqanaba lomgca kunokukhokelela ekugqwetheni.
Inani elichanekileyo lokuzuza elifunekayo lixhomekeke kubuthathaka bemakrofoni, kunye nenqanaba lesandi kunye nomgama womthombo kwimic.
Funda kabanzi malunga Umahluko phakathi kwenqanaba le-mic kunye nenqanaba lomgca
Ingaba isebenza kanjani?
Umsebenzi wokufumana ngokudibanisa amandla kwisiginali.
Ke ukuzisa imiqondiso ye-mic-level ukuya kwinqanaba lomgca, i-preamplifier iyafuneka ukuyinyusa.
Ezinye ii-microphones zine-preamplifier eyakhelweyo, kwaye oku kuya kuba nenzuzo eyaneleyo yokunyusa uphawu lwe-mic ukuya kwinqanaba lomgca.
Ukuba imakrofoni ayinaso isandisi-phambili esisebenzayo, inzuzo inokudityaniswa kwisandisi-lizwi esahlukileyo semayikrofoni, njengojongano lweaudio, iipreamp ezizimeleyo, okanye ukuxuba izinto zokudibanisa.
I-amp amp isebenzisa le nzuzo kwisiginali yokufaka umbhobho, kwaye oku ke kuyila umqondiso wokuqina.
Yintoni ivolumu yemakrofoni kwaye isebenza njani?
Imakrofoni Ivolumu ibhekisa kwindlela esingxola ngayo okanye esithe cwaka ngayo isandi esiphuma kumbhobho.
Uya kulungelelanisa umthamo we-mic ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lwefader. Ukuba imakrofoni iqhagamshelwe kwikhompyuter yakho, le ndawo yolawulo iyakwazi ukuhlengahlengiswa ukusuka kuseto lwesixhobo sakho.
Ngokukhona kufakwa isandi kwi-mic, kokukhona siya kukhupha imveliso.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uthulisile umthamo we-mic, akukho sixa segalelo siya kuvelisa isandi umva.
Kwakhona uyazibuza umahluko phakathi kwemibhobho ye-omnidirectional vs.
Ukuzuza imakrofoni vs. umthamo: Umahluko
Ke ngoku njengoko ndidlule kwinto ethethwa yile miqathango ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi masithelekise umahluko phakathi kwawo.
Into ephambili ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba inzuzo yemakrofoni ibhekisa kunyuso lwamandla esignali ye-mic, ngelixa ivolumu yemakrofoni imisela isandi.
Ukuzuza imakrofoni kufuna iamplifier ukonyusa imiqondiso evela kwi-mic ukuze yomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ihambelane nezinye izixhobo zomsindo.
Ivolumu yemakrofoni, kwelinye icala, lulawulo ekufuneka yonke imakrofoni ibe nayo. Isetyenziselwa ukulungisa ukuba zingxola kangakanani na izandi eziphuma kwimakrofoni.
Nantsi ividiyo entle ye-YouTuber ADSR yoMveliso woMculo weTutorials echaza umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini:
Ukuzuza imakrofoni vs. umthamo: Zisetyenziselwa ntoni
Umthamo kunye nokuzuza zisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, zombini zichaphazela kakhulu isandi sezithethi zakho okanye ii-amps.
Ukucacisa inqaku lam, masiqale ngenzuzo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwenzuzo
Ke, njengoko usenokuba sele ufundile ngoku, inzuzo inento yokwenza ngakumbi namandla omqondiso okanye umgangatho wesandi endaweni yokungxola kwayo.
Oko kwathiwa, xa inzuzo iphakathi, kukho ithuba eliphantsi lokuba amandla akho omqondiso uya kudlula umda ococekileyo okanye umgangatho womgca, kwaye une-headroom eninzi.
Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba isandi esiveliswayo siyangxola kwaye sicocekile.
Xa useta inzuzo ephezulu, kukho ithuba elihle lokuba umqondiso uya ngaphaya kwinqanaba lomgca. Okukhona isiya ngaphaya kwinqanaba lomgca, kokukhona igqwetheka.
Ngamanye amazwi, inzuzo isetyenziselwa ukulawula ithoni kunye nomgangatho wesandi kunokuba ungxole.
Ukusetyenziswa komthamo
Ngokungafaniyo nokuzuza, ivolumu ayinanto yakwenza nomgangatho okanye ithoni yesandi. Ijongene kuphela nokulawula isandi.
Ekubeni isandi sisiphumo sesithethi sakho okanye i-amp, luphawu esele luqhutywe. Ngoko ke, awukwazi ukuyitshintsha.
Ukutshintsha ivolumu kuya kwandisa kuphela isandi ngaphandle kokuchaphazela umgangatho wayo.
Indlela yokuseta inqanaba lenzuzo: Izinto ozenzayo nezingenziwayo
Ukumisela inqanaba lokuzuza elichanekileyo ngumsebenzi wobugcisa.
Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokuba ndiqhubeke nokucacisa indlela yokuseta inqanaba lenzuzo elilungeleleneyo, makhe sijonge ezinye zeziseko eziya kuchaphazela indlela obeka ngayo inzuzo.
Yintoni echaphazela inzuzo
Ukungxola komthombo wesandi
Ukuba isandi somthombo sithe cwaka, ungathanda ukukrazula inzuzo kancinane kunesiqhelo ukwenza isandi sivakale ngokugqibeleleyo ngaphandle kwenxalenye yomqondiso echatshazelwayo okanye ilahleke emgangathweni wengxolo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isandi somthombo siphezulu kakhulu, umzekelo, njengegitare, ungathanda ukugcina inqanaba lokufumana liphantsi.
Ukubeka inzuzo ephezulu, kule meko, kunokuphazamisa ngokulula isandi, kunciphise umgangatho werekhodi lonke.
Umgama ukusuka kumthombo wesandi
Ukuba umthombo wesandi usuka kude kwi-microphone, uphawu luya kuphuma luthule, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isixhobo sikhulu kangakanani.
Kuya kufuneka unyuse inzuzo kancinci ukulinganisa isandi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba umthombo wesandi usondele kwi-microphone, ungathanda ukugcina inzuzo ephantsi, njengoko isibonakaliso esingenayo siya kuba sinamandla kakhulu.
Kuloo meko, ukubeka inzuzo ephezulu kuya kuphazamisa isandi.
Zezi iimayikhrofoni ezingcono kakhulu zokurekhoda kwindawo enengxolo ehlaziyiweyo
Uvakalelo lwe-microphone
Inqanaba eliphambili likwaxhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo lwemakrofoni oyisebenzisayo.
Ukuba unomakrofoni othuleyo, njengemakrofoni eguqukayo okanye yeribhoni, ungathanda ukugcina inzuzo iphezulu njengoko ingenako ukubamba isandi kwiinkcukacha zayo.
Kwelinye icala, ukugcina inzuzo iphantsi kuya kunceda ukugcina isandi singaculi okanye sigqwetheke ukuba usebenzisa i-condenser microphone.
Kuba ezi mics zineempendulo zefrikhwensi ebanzi, sele zibambe isandi kakuhle kwaye zibonelela ngemveliso enkulu. Ke, kuncinci kakhulu ongathanda ukukutshintsha!
Indlela yokuseta inzuzo
Nje ukuba ulungise le miba ikhankanywe ngasentla, kulula kakhulu ukuseta inzuzo. Ekuphela kwento oyifunayo yi-audio interface elungileyo kunye ne-pre-amp eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi kunye ne-DAW.
Ujongano lweaudio, njengoko usazi, luya kuguqula isignali yemakrofoni yakho ibe yifomathi enokuthi ibonwe yikhompyuter yakho ngelixa ikuvumela ukuba uhlengahlengise inzuzo.
Kwi-DAW, uya kulungelelanisa zonke iingoma zezwi ezijoliswe kwibhasi yokuxuba.
Kwingoma nganye yezwi, kuya kubakho i-fader elawula inqanaba lelizwi olithumelayo kwibhasi yokuxuba.
Ngaphaya koko, ithrekhi nganye oyihlengahlengisayo iya kuchaphazela inqanaba layo kwi-master mix bus, ngelixa i-fader oyibonayo kwi-master mix bus iya kulawula umthamo opheleleyo wokudityaniswa kwazo zonke iingoma oyabela zona.
Ngoku, njengoko usondla umqondiso kwi-DAW yakho ngokusebenzisa ujongano, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba inzuzo oyibekele isixhobo ngasinye ngokweyona ndawo ikhwazayo yengoma.
Ukuba uyibekela elona candelo lithuleyo, umxube wakho uya kuphazamisa ngokulula njengoko iindawo ezingxolayo ziya kuhamba ngaphezulu kwe-0dBFs, okukhokelela ekunqunyulweni.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba u-DAW unemitha eluhlaza-tyheli-bomvu, ungafuna kakhulu ukuhlala kwindawo emthubi.
Oku kuyinyaniso kuzo zombini iingoma kunye nezixhobo.
Umzekelo, ukuba ungumdlali wesiginkci, ubuya kuseka inzuzo yesiphumo kwiavareji yenzuzo ye -18dBFs ukuya -15dBFs, kunye neyona mivumbo inzima ifikelela ku -6dBFs.
Yintoni i- gain staging?
I-Gain staging kukulungelelanisa inqanaba lesignali yesiginali yesandi njengoko idlula kuthotho lwezixhobo.
Injongo yokufumana iqonga kukugcina inqanaba lomqondiso kwinqanaba elingaguqukiyo, elinqwenelekayo ngelixa uthintela ukunqunyulwa kunye nokunye ukuthotywa komqondiso.
Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ukucaca ngokubanzi komxube, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isandi esisiphumo siphezulu.
I-Gain staging yenziwa ngoncedo lwezixhobo ze-analog okanye izitishi zokusebenza zedijithali.
Kwizixhobo ze-analog, sifumana iqonga lokunciphisa ingxolo engafunekiyo ekurekhodweni, okufana ne-hisses kunye ne-hums.
Kwilizwe ledijithali, akunyanzelekanga ukuba sijongane nengxolo eyongezelelweyo, kodwa kusafuneka sinyuse isignali kwaye siyigcine inganqumli.
Xa ufumana umboniso kwi-DAW, esona sixhobo siphambili oza kusisebenzisa ziimitha zemveliso.
Ezi mitha ziyimzobo ebonisa amanqanaba omthamo ahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwefayile yeprojekthi, nganye inencopho ye-0dBFs.
Ngaphandle kwegalelo kunye nenzuzo yemveliso, i-DAW ikwabonelela ngokulawula ezinye izinto zengoma ethile, kubandakanya amanqanaba omkhondo, iiplagi, iziphumo, inqanaba eliphambili, njl.
Umxube ongcono kakhulu ngulowo ufezekisa ukulingana okugqibeleleyo phakathi kwamanqanaba azo zonke ezi zinto.
Yintoni ucinezelo? Ichaphazela njani inzuzo kunye nomthamo?
Uxinzelelo lwehlisa uluhlu oluguquguqukayo lwesignali ngokuthoba okanye ngokunyusa ivolyum yezandi ngokomlinganiselo omiselweyo.
Oku kubangela i-audio evakala ngakumbi, eneendawo zombini eziphakamileyo nezithambileyo (iincopho kunye neediphu) ezichazwe ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke umxube.
Uxinzelelo lwenza isandi somqondiso singqinelane ngakumbi ngokuhlwa ngaphandle kwevolumu yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zokurekhoda.
Ikwanceda isandi somqondiso phezulu ngaphandle kokukliphuna.
Eyona nto iphambili edlalwa apha "yi-compression ratio."
Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo oluphezulu uya kwenza ukuba iindawo ezithuleyo zengoma zibe phezulu kwaye iindawo ezingxolayo zibe thambileyo.
Oku kunokunceda ukwenza isandi somxube siphucuke ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, akuyi kufuneka usebenzise inzuzo eninzi kakhulu.
Unokucinga, kutheni unganciphisi nje umthamo oqhelekileyo wesixhobo esithile? Kuya kudala indawo eyaneleyo yokuba abo bathule baphume ngokufanelekileyo!
Kodwa ingxaki ngaloo nto sisixhobo esinokungxola kwenye indawo sinokuthi cwaka kwezinye.
Yiyo loo nto ngokunciphisa umthamo wayo jikelele, usuka nje “uyithulise”, into ethetha ukuba ayizuvakala kakuhle kwezinye iindawo.
Oku kuya kuchaphazela kakubi umgangatho jikelele womxube.
Ngamanye amagama, impembelelo yoxinzelelo yenza ukuba umculo wakho uchazwe ngakumbi. Yehlisa isixa senzuzo oza kuyenza ngokubanzi.
Nangona kunjalo, kunokukhokelela kwezinye iziphumo ezingafunekiyo kumxube, onokuba yingxaki yangempela.
Ngamanye amazwi, yisebenzise ngobulumko!
isiphelo
Nangona isenokungabonakali njengento enkulu, uhlengahlengiso lokuzuza lunokuba ngowona mahluko kuphela phakathi kokurekhodwa okubi kunye nokugqwesileyo.
Ilawula ithoni yomculo wakho kunye nomgangatho wokugqibela womculo ongena kwiindlebe zakho.
Kwelinye icala, isandi selizwi siyinto nje elula nebalulekileyo kuphela xa sithetha ngokungxola kwesandi.
Ayinanto yakwenza nomgangatho nokuba yintoni na, kwaye ayinamsebenzi kakhulu ngexesha lokuxuba.
Kweli nqaku, ndizamile ukwahlula umahluko phakathi kwenzuzo kunye nevolumu kwifomu yayo esisiseko ngelixa ichaza iindima zabo, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nemibuzo ehambelana ngokusondeleyo kunye nezihloko.
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