UJim Dunlop yinjineli yaseMelika-Scottish kunye nomseki weDunlop Manufacturing, Inc., umenzi okhokelayo wezixhobo zomculo kunye iiyunithi zeziphumo.
Ngokusekwe eBenicia, eCalifornia, uDunlop waqala inkampani yakhe ngo-1965 njengomsebenzi omncinci wekhaya.
Namhlanje, ikhule yaba ngumvelisi omkhulu wezixhobo zomculo, ngenxa yokufumana kukaDunlop iibrendi ezaziwayo ezifana ne. Khala sana, MXR kunye neNdlela enkulu.
intshayelelo
UJames C. Dunlop, owaziwa ngokuba nguJim Dunlop, wayengusomashishini ovelisa izinto ezintsha kwaye ophumelele ibhaso oye wanceda ukubumba ikamva lomculo ngokudala kunye nophuhliso lwezinye zeemveliso zawo ezaziwayo. Waseka iDunlop Manufacturing, Inc., ngo-1965 ngenjongo yokwenza izixhobo zomculo zifikeleleke ngakumbi kuwo onke amanqanaba eemvumi. Ukusukela ekuyilweni kwakhe inguqu ye "crybaby" wah-wah pedal ukuya kumgca wakhe ogcweleyo weepick guards, imitya, kunye nezinye izincedisi - iimveliso zeDunlop ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwiirigi zeegitari ezininzi. Kweli nqaku siza kuphonononga ukuba wayengubani uJim Dunlop kwaye wazuza ntoni kumculo ngaphambi kokusweleka kwakhe ngo-2013 eneminyaka engama-80.
Obomi bakwangoko
UJim Dunlop, ogama lokwenyani uJames D. Dunlop Omnci., wazalwa ngomhla we-9 kaJulayi, 1942, e-Edinburgh, eSkotlani. Ukhulele kusapho lomculo, umama wakhe engutitshala wepiyano, kwaye utata wakhe engumdlali wexilongo lejazz. Ukukhula, uJim wayejikelezwe ngumculo kwaye yayiyimeko enokuthi ekugqibeleni imise umsebenzi wakhe.
Imvelaphi Yentsapho
UJames Dunlop wazalwa ngo-Agasti 29, 1958 eGlasgow, eSkotlani. Wayengoyena mdala koonyana abathathu abazalwa ngabazali bakhe, uWilliam noEsther Dunlop. Uyise wayenevenkile ethengisa iintlanzi neetshipisi ngelixa umama wakhe wayengumakhi wekhaya. UJim wayenabantakwabo ababini, uMichael noBrian; bobabini babengabathandi bomculo abanomdla njengomntakwabo omdala.
UJim waya kwisikolo sikaRobert Gordon eAberdeen ngaphambi kokuba abhalise kwiYunivesithi yaseStirling ukuba aqhubele phambili nezifundo zolawulo lweshishini. Esemncinane waqala ukubonisa umdla womculo owathi kungekudala waba yeyona nto iqhuba ebomini bakhe. Eyunivesithi wayedlala i-bass kunye namaqela amaninzi eblues kwaye wenza ubudlelwane obusondeleyo nezinye iimvumi ezisakhasayo ezimngqongileyo - abanye babo baye baphumelela impumelelo yorhwebo.
Umsebenzi kaJim womculo wakhawuleza waphela xa wafumana umsebenzi oqhuba iRosetti Music's G&L (Guitars & Longhorns) icandelo, elavelisa izandisi-lizwi kunye nezandisi-lizwi zabavelisi bomculo abafana noMarshall Amplification kunye neFender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC). Ngeli xesha uJim wafumana ulwazi malunga nokuvelisa iipedali zekatala kunye neziginkci ngokwazo-indawo yobuchule eyathi ekugqibeleni yamzuzela indawo kwimbali yerock 'n' roll xa wayeseka inkampani yakhe “Jim Dunlop Manufacturing Inc” (JDM) e. 1965.
Education
UJim Dunlop wazalelwa eGlasgow, eSkotlani ngo-1948. Wayenomdla ongazenzisiyo kubunjineli, awathi kamva wawusebenzisa emva kokuba eqalise umsebenzi wakhe wokuba yintshatsheli yomculo. Emva kokusishiya isikolo, wabhalisa kwiYunivesithi yaseStrathclyde eGlasgow ukuze afundele ubunjineli boomatshini, waza waphumelela emagqabini emva kweminyaka emine yokufunda.
Emva koko uDunlop wazibandakanya neBassoon Industrial Company Ltd. apho wasebenzisa khona isidanga sakhe ekuyileni izixhobo kunye neemveliso zeshishini lezolimo. Ngo-1972, uDunlop wanikwa umsebenzi kwiCorby Trouser Press ekufuphi wafudukela ePaisley; ethatha indima yobunjineli bokuyila umncedisi apho, waqala ukulinga izimvo zoyilo lwezixhobo zomculo kunye neemveliso zoncedo. Uyilo lwakhe lokuqala yaba sisibambi sesiginci esiphuculweyo; Oku kwaziwa njenge "Tortex" edumileyo kwaye yahlala idumile phakathi kweekatala amashumi eminyaka de yayekwa ngo-2020.
umsebenzi
UJim Dunlop wayengumqalisi wezinto ezintsha kwihlabathi lomculo, ehlala edibanisa iingcamango zokuyila kunye nobuchule bobugcisa ukwenza iimveliso ezizodwa. Waqala umsebenzi wakhe womculo ngokwenza uthotho lweefoto kunye neepedals ezitshintshe isandi sesiginci sombane. Uyilo lwakhe olutsha ludibanise izandi zakudala kunye neteknoloji yanamhlanje egxile kumgangatho. Umsebenzi wakhe wanceda ukubumba isandi somculo wale mihla.
Imisebenzi yokuqala
UJim Dunlop waziwa ngokubanzi ngomsebenzi wakhe kushishino lomculo, ukusuka ekuyileni nasekuveliseni utyikityo lwezixhobo zomculo ukuya ekulawuleni amaqela amakhulu. Kodwa ngaphambi kwayo yonke loo nto, uJim Dunlop uye wadlula kwixesha lemfundo kwaye ephucula ubugcisa bakhe.
Uzalelwe ePaisley, eSkotlani, uDunlop wayenomdla kumculo esemncinci - engena kukhuphiswano kuMnyhadala woMculo waseScottish wasekhaya xa wayeneminyaka eyi-11 kuphela. Wahamba waya kwiYunivesithi yaseStrathclyde eGlasgow apho wafumana khona umyalelo wobunjineli be-elektroniki, emva koko wathunyelwa kwiYunivesithi yaseHeriot-Watt ukugqiba isidanga sakhe.
Emva kokuphumelela ikholeji enesidanga seHonours kunye nokuqhubeka nokusebenza njengenjineli yesandi kwi-BBC Radio Scotland, uDunlop ekugqibeleni wavula ivenkile yakhe yokulungisa izixhobo zomculo kunye neamplifiers ezibizwa ngokuba ziinkonzo ze-VIP Sound. Ngeli xesha wathatha amava akhe eyunivesithi kunye nolwazi alufumene kwiingcali zokulungisa iingcali kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseJapan ukuze afumane izakhono ezitsha eziza kwakha isiseko sezinto ezizayo kamva-ingakumbi xa uDunlop waqalisa ukuba nobuchule bokwakha iipedali zekatala kubathengi abanje nge. amalungu U2, Deep Purple kunye Pink Floyd bands.
Inkampani yokuVelisa yaseDunlop
UJim Dunlop waseka iNkampani yokuVelisa iDunlop ngo-1965. Ifumaneka eBenicia, eKhalifoniya, ibrendi yavelisa imixokelelwane yesiko ye-Dunlop eveliswe ngobunzima bepiki yesiginkci kunye nemitya. Ezi zixhobo ziye zathandwa kakhulu kangangokuba zabizwa ngokuba ngomnye weeMveliso zoMculo eziPhezulu eziPhezulu okanye iiNkampani zexesha lonke nguRhythm Magazine kwi-2006. Emva kwale mpumelelo yokuqala, uJim waqhubeka nokwandisa iminikelo yenkampani ukubandakanya iintambo, iislayidi zeentambo, ii-capos, izilayidi, ii-amps kunye nezinye iziphumo.
UDunlop ukwasebenzisana nezinye iimvumi ezinkulu kushishino lwerock ezifana noJimi Hendrix kunye noKurt Cobain ukuphuhlisa iimveliso zabo zokutyikitya. Oku kwenzelwa ukuqinisekiswa kwamagcisa kwaye kwanikezela ukufikelela kwizinto ezizodwa kubathengi kwihlabathi liphela. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, i-JDMC isaqhubeka nokuvelisa iimveliso ezintsha zeemvumi ezivunyiweyo kunye neemvumi ngokufanayo.
Ngaphandle kokwenza izincedisi zikatala, uJim Dunlop wenze umsebenzi obalaseleyo wesisa ngeJim Dunlop Benevolence Fund ejonge ukusebenzisa imfundo yomculo njengearhente yotshintsho lwentlalo phakathi koluntu lwaseMelika liphela. Isiseko sibonelela ngezixhobo zemfundo kunye nezixhobo kubantwana abanomdla kumculo kodwa abangenakuzifikelela; ngaloo ndlela kubonelelwa ngamathuba angakumbi okukhula kwabantwana ngokwamandla omculo.
Ilifa
Ilifa likaJim Dunlop lisaphila nanamhlanje, njengoko umsebenzi wakhe wobuvulindlela wawususela kuphuhliso lweentambo, iipeki, kunye neebhodi zeminwe ukuya kwezona zinto ziyimpumelelo, umgca weMXR weziphumo zepedali. I-Dunlop Manufacturing iqhubekile nokwakhela phezu kwempumelelo yeemveliso zokuqala zomenzi omtsha, kwaye yakhupha izinto ezintsha ezihambelana noyilo lwakhe aluthandayo. Ukongeza ekwenzeni iipedali zeziphumo zabadlala isiginkci kuwo onke amanqanaba, uJim Dunlop wayenoxanduva lokudala ezona zixhobo zibalaseleyo kunye nezincedisi zeebassists kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngaphandle kokudala iimveliso zeemvumi, uJim Dunlop wabuyela kwishishini elimnike impumelelo enkulu. Wayesebenza ekunikeni inkxaso kunye nemfundo kwii-luthiers kunye neengcali zokulungisa izixhobo kulo lonke elaseMntla Melika naseYurophu ngeesemina, ukhenketho lwefektri kunye nemiboniso yemveliso. Ukuzinikela kwakhe ngokungadinwayo kumzuzele amawonga anje ngewonga lobugqirha kwiKholeji yoMculo yaseBerklee kunye nokungeniswa kwiHolo yoMculo yaseKhanada yoDumo kunye neRock & Roll Hall of Fame.
Ngemvelaphi eyimpumelelo kubuchwepheshe bomculo obuwela phakathi kweendlela zobunjineli beenkqubo zemveli kunye nokulinga kombane, uJim Dunlop ushiye uphawu olungacimekiyo kubadlali besiginci kwihlabathi liphela ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ngo-2009-nangaphaya. Ukuthathela ingqalelo eli khondo libalaseleyo kwi-vanguard yetekhnoloji yomculo, uJim Dunlop ufumene ukukhankanywa okubekekileyo kwimagazini iGuitar Player epapashe inqaku lembeko elibhiyozela umsebenzi wakhe wobomi kungekudala emva kokubhubha kwakhe. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje omabini amagcisa aqeqeshiweyo aphumelele impumelelo yorhwebo kunye neenkwenkwezi zonke ezisafundayo basafumana inkuthazo evela kwindalo yakhe yomculo eye yatyebisa ubomi ukusukela oko yaqalayo ngaphezu kwamashumi amane eminyaka eyadlulayo.
Igalelo elikhulu kuMculo
UJim Dunlop wayengumdlali ophambili kushishino lomculo, eguqula umdlalo ngezinto aziqambileyo kunye neemveliso zakhe. Izinto aziqambileyo kunye nendalo yakhe zayiguqula indlela esicinga ngayo kunye nokusebenzisana nezixhobo esizidlalayo. Iimveliso zakhe ziye zaba zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwiimvumi ezininzi eziziingcali kunye neemvumi ngokufanayo. Makhe sijonge amanye amagalelo akhe amakhulu kumculo.
Ukuphuhliswa kweWah-Wah Pedal
Ngo-1967, uJim Dunlop wakhupha iClyde McCoy Cry Baby Wah-Wah Pedal, eye yanempembelelo enkulu kwishishini. Ngokuzisa itekhnoloji emculweni, kwavula izandi ezitsha kunye nezimvo ezamkelwa ngamagcisa azo zonke iintlobo.
Umbono we-pedal wazalwa kubuchule bokuthetha kukaRodney Mullen bebass ukusuka kwiingoma zakhe ezifana neFats Domino's "Ayiyo lonto Lihlazo" kwaye yaqala ukubonwa ngokubanzi xa uJimi Hendrix esasaza isandi esebenzisa iDunlop Wah-Wah Pedal. Inkampani yafunyanwa yi-Dunlop Manufacturing ngo-1967, eyafaka izinto ezintsha ezintsha ezifana nobomi bebhetri obude kunye nokutshintsha kwenyani kuguqulelo lwabo lwepedali.
Ukwaziswa kwale pedal kwavumela ii-amps ukuba zivelise imiqondiso emininzi yesiginkci ezinzileyo kwaye egqwethekileyo ngaphandle kokugqithisa isandi sayo. Abathengi banokutshintsha phakathi kwezandi ezigudileyo kunye nezigwebayo ngokubetha unyawo olulula, besenza imisebenzi yabo ephilayo iguquguquke ngakumbi kunangaphambili.
Ezinye iintlobo ezininzi zeepedali zeziphumo zenziwe ngokusekelwe kulo mbono - i-phasers, flangers, i-pitch shifters - ekhokelela kumathuba amakhulu okudala kwimveliso yomculo esafundwayo kwaye iphononongwa namhlanje. I-Wah-Wah Pedal iyaqhubeka ukusetyenziswa ziimvumi kuzo zonke iintlobo kunye neepedali ezahlukeneyo ezineethowuni ezininzi ezongeza ukuthungwa kwengoma nganye okanye ukusebenza.
Intshayelelo yeCry Baby Pedal
UJim Dunlop mhlawumbi wayesaziwa kakhulu ngokuyila kwakhe iCry Baby, i-wah-wah pedal yesiginci sombane. Umphumo wawusetyenzisiwe ngaphambili, kodwa uyilo lwakhe lwe-elektroniki lwe-wah-wah luphuculwe kakhulu kuguqulelo lwangaphambili lomatshini. Uphuhlise i-pedal kukhangelo lwethoni ethembekileyo nezinzileyo kunento ekhoyo ngoku. Yakhawuleza yathandwa ngabadlali be-rock kunye ne-funk ngokufanayo, kunye nokuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezinye iintlobo zomculo ezifana nomphefumlo kunye neblues. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, i-Cry Baby iyaqhubeka nokuba yenye yezona zinto zihamba phambili kwintengiso kwaye isetyenziswe kwiirekhodi ezingenakubalwa ngamagitare adumileyo kunye namaqela kwihlabathi liphela. Ngaphandle kwesi sixhobo senguquko, kunzima ukucinga ezinye zezi ngoma zenziwe. Ukongeza kweyona mpumelelo yakhe idumileyo yetekhnoloji, uJim Dunlop ukwanegalelo elikhulu ekuphuculeni itekhnoloji yokudlala imvakalelo kunye nokuqina ngemathiriyeli yenayiloni; izinto ezintsha ezimbini eziqhubeka ziphembelela abadlali besiginci namhlanje.
Ukuphuhliswa kwe-MXR Effects Pedals
Ngo-1972, uJim Dunlop wayexakekile esenza iipedali zeemvumi. Uyilo lwakhe, iMXR Dyna Comp Pedal, yayiyeyokuqala ukuveliswa ngobuninzi kohlobo lwayo kwaye yavumela iimvumi ukuba zikwazi ukongeza ukwahluka kwethoni kwisandi sazo xa zidlala. Ukuqhuba kokuqala kuqulethwe kuphela iinguqulelo zempembelelo ezi-5; Flanger, Reverb, Delay/Echo, Phase Shifter and Distortion. Iguqule iisolo zegitare ngokuvumela umdlali wesiginci ukuba alawule ngcono isandi sawo ngelixa edlala njengoko benolawulo olungaphezulu kwintetho.
Eyona nto idumileyo ngelo xesha yayiyimodeli ye-pedal eyaziwa ngokuba yiMXR-107 Phase 90 eyathi ekugqibeleni ibe ngumgangatho weshishini osetyenziswa kuyo yonke indlela yokusebenza kunye nokurekhodwa kwestudiyo. Oku kuphawule igalelo elikhulu kwimveliso yomculo eye yadlula kwizizukulwana kwaye iyaqhubeka nokubumba umculo namhlanje kuzo zombini iindlela zokuyila ukusuka kwizandi ezikhethekileyo ukuya kwiipedali zokumodareyitha ezisetyenziswa kumculo wentsimbi. Impembelelo ye-MXR yempembelelo yeepedals kumculo we-rock kunye nentsimbi ayinakuphikiswa njengoko ishiye impembelelo kumashishini ombane aziwayo amashumi eminyaka.
isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, uJim Dunlop wayengumbonisi wehlabathi lomculo owaguqula indlela abadlala ngayo isiginci. Iimveliso zakhe ezintsha ziye zasetyenziswa kwiirigi ezininzi zegita kuyo yonke iminyaka kwaye ziye zathatha ilitye kunye nenqanaba elitsha. Igama lakhe elidume kwihlabathi liya kuhlala lisaziwa kuluntu lomculo kwiminyaka ezayo, kwaye ushiye ifuthe elingapheliyo kungekuphela nje kwiigitala kodwa zonke iimvumi.
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
