UHoshino Gakki ungumnini we ibanez isiginci kunye Tama igubu amagama brand. Ngomnye wabavelisi abahamba phambili behlabathi bezixhobo zomculo, izincedisi, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinxulumene nomculo.
Yasekwa ngo-1908 nguTatsujiro Hoshino, inkampani ibe negalelo elikhulu ekuphuculeni imfundo yomculo, uphuhliso lwenkcubeko yomculo odumileyo, kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zemveli zaseJapan.
U-Hoshino Gakki uvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo, kubandakanywa i-acoustic kunye ne-electric guitars, i-bass, ukuleles, i-mandolins, i-accordion, iidramu kunye nokunye.
Ukongeza, benza izixhobo ezinje ngeentambo okanye ii-capos ukuphucula amava akho okudlala.
Njengomsasazi ophambili eJapan nakwiimarike zaphesheya ezifana neYurophu kunye noMntla Melika, uHoshino Gakki wenze uphawu lwakhe ngokuzisa itekhnoloji yokusika kunye neemveliso zobuvulindlela eziye zanceda ukubumba inkcubeko yomculo yanamhlanje.
Umzekelo, enye yeebrendi zikaHoshino Gakki - i-Ibanez - inikwe imbeko ngokusasaza izikhotha zesiginci zerock. Uluhlu lwabo olunempembelelo yeemodeli zegitare ze-Ibanez kunye nothotho lwesignesha oluvunywe ngamagcisa omculo adumileyo akhusele indawo yawo kwinkcubeko yala maxesha amashumi eminyaka. UHoshino Gakki naye wafumana iibrendi ezidumileyo ezifana Roland (i-synthesizer), iGreco (iziginkci) kunye noFramus (iigitare) ukwandisa ngakumbi umda wabo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nemveliso yesandi ezibenza babe yinxalenye yexabiso leemvumi kwihlabathi jikelele namhlanje!
Obomi bakwangoko
U-Hoshino Gakki wazalelwa eTokyo, eJapan ngo-1840. Wayengunyana wentsapho yorhwebo ecebileyo. Njengomfana osemncinci, uGakki waqeqeshwa kwithiyori yomculo, ukuqamba kunye nokudlala i-shamisen. Ukususela esemncinane, wabonisa ubuchule obukhulu bomculo kwaye intsapho yakhe yayikhuthaza amabhongo akhe. Ngo-1866, wavula iHoshino Gakki, ivenkile yomculo eTokyo. Kulapha apho wayeza kuzenzela igama kwaye abe yimpembelelo enkulu kushishino lomculo waseJapan.
imvelaphi
UHoshino Gakki wazalwa ngoJulayi 14, 1862 kwisithili saseNaniwa saseOsaka, eJapan. Njengomfana oselula wafudukela eTokyo ukuya kuqhuba umsebenzi kwishishini lomculo osaqalayo njengomthengisi womculo kunye nomshicileli. Kungekudala waziseka waza waseka ivenkile yakhe yomculo. Iphulo lakhe lokuqala kwimveliso yesixhobo yayikukudala ii-taturas ezineebhodi zefret eziprintiweyo, awayezithengisa kulo lonke elaseJapan. UGakki ukwapapashe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomculo wesintu waseJapan onje ngekoto kunye nomculo we-shamisen, wenza enye yeenkampani zokuqala zopapasho lomculo eJapan.
Ukususela kwezi ziqalo zithobekileyo, uHoshino Gakki uya kuba ngomnye wamanani anempembelelo kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zomculo kunye nemveliso ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Wayeza kuqhubeka nokubeka isiseko sento eyaba yenye yeenkampani ezinkulu zezixhobo zomculo zaseJapan namhlanje: Hoshino Gakki Co., Ltd., eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Ibanez Guitars.
Education
UHoshino Gakki wazalwa ngoDisemba 8, 1878 eChiba Prefecture eJapan. Uyise wayesebenzisa ivenkile yewotshi kunye newotshi, eyanika isiseko somdla kaHoshino wobomi bonke kubunjineli obuchanekileyo kunye nomsebenzi womatshini.
U-Hoshino wayenemfundo ekhethekileyo ngaloo maxesha, equka iminyaka emininzi yesikolo saseprayimari e-Chiba, elandelwa yiminyaka emibini kwisikolo setempile yeZen Buddhist eKiryū, eGunma. Ngeli xesha waphuhlisa ngakumbi umdla kunye nobuchule bakhe bobugcisa nomculo. U-Hoshino wayesaziwa ngokuthanda izixhobo zokuyila ezisebenzisa izixhobo zewotshi kayise - ngobuchule obunjalo obumenza aqondwe njengemvumi ephuhlileyo yomntwana eneminyaka eyi-13.
U-Hoshino washiya isikolo kwi-16 kwaye wasebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngaphambi kokuba athathe isigqibo sokuzama ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe njengomenzi wezixhobo zomculo. Ufunde phantsi kweMasters yeSuzuki Musical Instrument Manufacturing Company (eyathi ekugqibeleni yaba yenye yabakhiqizi abakhulu bezixhobo zomculo) yaze yaphucula ngakumbi izakhono zakhe zomthi. Emva kwale nkqubo yokufundela umsebenzi, uHoshino uye waba ngumqambi wobugcisa begitala emva kokuba eqale ngokulungisa iivayolin kubathengi basekhaya ngaphambi kokuba azinze ekusekweni iindibano zocweyo apho anokuvelisa eyakhe idizayini yesiginci ukusuka ekuqaleni.
umsebenzi
U-Hoshino Gakki wayeyintshatsheli yokwenyani kushishino lomculo. Wayengenguye nje umongameli owasekayo wenkampani eye yaba luphawu olubalaseleyo lomgangatho womculo kunye nokuqamba izinto ezintsha, wayekwayimvumi ngokwakhe. Ngobugcisa bakhe, kunye nophuhliso lwakhe lwenkampani, uHoshino Gakki uye waba ligama elaziwa ziimvumi kunye nabalandeli bomculo ngokufanayo. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi umsebenzi wakhe kunye negalelo lakhe kushishino lomculo.
Imisebenzi yokuqala
UKinnosuke Gakki, owaziwa ngcono njengoHoshino Gakki, uye waba yintsomi kuzo zombini izixhobo zomculo kunye neshishini lomculo emva komsebenzi wakhe omde eJapan. Wazalwa nge-16 kaMeyi, ngo-1933, uHoshino waseka into namhlanje enye yezona zixhobo zomculo zaziwayo kwihlabathi.
Ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe, u-Hoshino wasebenza njengomphathi wendawo yokugcina impahla kwinto ekugqibeleni eya kuba yi-iconic Nippon Gakki Co. Ltd., umenzi we-Yamaha Musical Instruments. Ngeli xesha, uHoshino waba negalelo ekutshintsheni ukusuka kwi-acoustic eyenziwe ngamaplanga aqhelekileyo ukuya kwizixhobo zombane zanamhlanje. Ekugqibeleni eshiya uNippon Gakki ngo-1955 ukuze aqhubele phambili amabhongo akhe, waseka into ngoku eyaziwa ngokuba yi 'Hoshino Gakki'.
UHoshino ekuqaleni wavelisa izixhobo zaseJapan ezikumgangatho wabafundi ezifana neshamisen (isiginkci saseJapan esineentambo ezintathu) kunye netaishōgoto (i-zither encothulweyo), kodwa edityaniswe noKoichi Sugimoto (omnye wabayili bezixhobo zomculo eziphambili eJapan) ngokukhawuleza waliguqula ishishini ngokusungula ngoku. I-iconic 'Höfner' yevayolini yebhess guitar - ivuselela amaza okuqala e-bass entsha emiliselwe ngokuqinileyo kwidolophu yabo yaseNagoya, eJapan.
Hoshino Gakki
UHoshino Gakki ngumvelisi wesixhobo somculo oseJapan. Yasekwa ngo-1908, yenye yezona nkampani zindala eJapan ezisemashishini. Yaziwa kakhulu ngokwenza ii-acoustic kunye neziginci zombane, kunye namagubhu kunye nezinye izixhobo zomculo.
UHoshino Gakki unoluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi ekhoyo kwiimvumi kunye neenjineli zesandi. Inkampani inamagcisa epiyano alungisa kwaye abuyisele iipiyano ukunceda abathengi ngcono, ii-luthiers ezisebenza ukwenza izixhobo zomtya ezifana neziginci kunye ne-mandolins, iinjineli zesandi eziyila kwaye zifakele iinkqubo zokuqinisa isandi kwimidlalo ephilayo, kunye neengcali ezibonwayo ezisebenza ngokukhanya. itekhnoloji yemiboniso ephilayo.
UHoshino Gakki ukwaqeshe itekhnishi yesiginci ukuseta ibakala lobuchwephesha leacoustic okanye iziginkci zombane kubathengi. Kukwakho neendima zolawulo ezifana nabasebenzi bezentengiso okanye abasebenzi bokuthengisa abancedisa inkampani ukuba iphumelele ngezimvo zabo zokudala okanye babonelele ngeenkonzo zenkxaso kubathengi. Okokugqibela, kukho iingcali zemfundo yomculo ngaphakathi kwinkampani ezifundisa izifundo ngethiyori yomculo, zibonelela ngesikhokelo malunga nendlela yokudlala izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo okanye nokuba ziqhube iindibano zocweyo ezikhuthaza iimvumi ezisakhulayo ukuba ziqhubele phambili nomsebenzi wokwenza umculo noHoshino Gakki.
Impembelelo kuMculo
UHoshino Gakki waziwa ngokuba nefuthe elikhulu kushishino lomculo. Wayengumntu obalulekileyo kuphuhliso lomculo waseJapan wanamhlanje kwaye impembelelo yakhe inokuvakala namhlanje kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Inkampani awayisungulayo, iHoshino Gakki, yenye yezona nkampani zinkulu zokuthengisa umculo kwihlabathi, kunye nenye yezona zikhulu zokwenza isiginci. Ukwaphuhlise uthotho lweziginci zeFender Japan. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi ifuthe likaHoshino Gakki kumculo.
Amagalelo ekwenzeni isiginci
UHoshino Gakki, umseki weziginci ze-Ibanez, wayengumntu ovelisa izinto ezintsha kunye nosomashishini owaphinda wayila ikatala yanamhlanje, encedisa ukubumba isandi kunye nesimbo sayo. Umbono wakhe wamabhongo wenza imboni epheleleyo eyatshintsha indlela umculo owenziwe ngayo kwaye wonwabe.
Ngowe-1908 uHoshino Gakki waseka ivenkile yezixhobo zomculo ebizwa ngokuba yiHoshino Shoten eNagoya, eJapan. Ngeli xesha, waye waqaphela ukuba iziginkci ezikumgangatho ophezulu zazingeniswa zisuka eYurophu kwaye wayefuna ukwenza isixhobo esingcono kwiikatala zaseJapan. Ukwenza oku uphucule kwizinto ezikhoyo zoyilo lwesiginci ngelixa esazisa izixhobo ezintsha kwinkqubo yakhe yokuvelisa ezifana neendawo zenickel kunye neendidi ezikhethekileyo zomthi njengemahogany.
Ukusebenzisa ezi mathiriyeli kunye nobuchule bokwakha obutsha obufana nokusebenzisa i-veneer yomthi ukuthambisa amacala, ukuqinisa iintonga ze-truss, ukwakha ii-pickup ngqo kwibhodi yesandi okanye intambo yentamo njl.njl., uGakki uphucule kakhulu ukuqina kuzo zonke iimodeli zakhe ngaphandle kokuncama isitayile okanye umgangatho wesandi. . Ngokuvelisa izixhobo ezinobunzima obukhaphukhaphu kodwa ezomeleleyo uGakki wenze ukuba kuphononongwe izitayile zokudlala ezinzima ngaphandle koloyiko lokonakala ngenxa yeengxaki zokugoba okanye ukugoba intamo ebezihlala zithwaxa izixhobo zesimbo esidala ngaphambili.
Ukuphonononga okunzulu kunye novavanyo olwenziwe bubuchule bakhe buye benza ukuba abenzi bomculo bangene kwiindawo abangaziqhelanga njengomculo werock owawukade ungaziwayo ummandla wabadlali besiginci kwihlabathi liphela. Ukongeza ekudaleni imveliso esemgangathweni kunye nokungenisa izinto ezintsha ngonyaka ngamnye; UGakki wakha i-empire ejikeleze imveliso yakhe ngokuqhubeka ezisa iimodeli ze-X ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya i-tremolos okanye iibhulorho eziphakamileyo ezinezibambo ezigobileyo; iingcebiso zamagcisa; ukuzama ngeemilo zomzimba; itekhnoloji yamandla njengeGraphite composite iintamo kunye neebhulorho njl.; U-Hoshino Gakki utshintshe zombini imbonakalo yembali yomculo kunye nombono wethu wento enokwenzeka xa siza noyilo lweegita namhlanje!
Izinto ezintsha kwizixhobo zoMculo
UHoshino Gakki lusapho olunezixhobo zomculo zaseJapan ezaqala ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1800. Ngelixa besaziwa kakhulu ngokuthengisa amagubu, baye badlala nezinye izixhobo, ezinje ngeziginkci kunye neekhibhodi. Le nkampani iye yaba ngomnye wababoneleli abakhulu bezixhobo zomculo kwihlabathi-eyaziwa ngakumbi ngemveliso kunye noyilo lweekhithi zegubhu kunye neziginci zombane. UHoshino Gakki wayeneendlela ezintsha ezintsha eziye zachaphazela indlela iimvumi ezidlala ngayo izixhobo zazo namhlanje.
Pianicas
U-Hoshino Gakki wayeyinkampani yokuqala ukwazisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo esaziwa ngokuba yi-'Pianica'-ngokubalulekileyo ikhibhodi yohlobo lwe-accordion ene-attachment yephondo. Esi sixhobo somculo sakhawuleza saduma phakathi kweemvumi ezivunyiweyo nezisakhasayo ngokufanayo ngenxa yokuphatheka nokufikeleleka kwaso. I-Pianica ikwalula ukuyifunda kwabaqalayo, nto leyo eyandisa ukufikelela kwayo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zabadlali.
Ibanez Guitars & Basses
Ukusukela oko yasekwa nguHoshino ngo-1929, i-Ibanez iye yaphuhla yaba yenye yezona zinto zidumileyo zokwenza isiginci kwihlabathi liphela. Uphawu lwaziwa kakuhle ngokubonelela ngeziginkci zesitayile esinzima-zentsimbi ezinobunzima obulula kodwa zisenesandi esilungileyo - nto leyo ezenza zidume kakhulu phakathi kweenkwenkwezi zerock ukusukela ngo-1980 ukuya phambili. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba iqulethe uyilo lwakudala olusuka kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo, i-Ibanez iyaqhubeka nokwenza izinto ezintsha ngeemilo ezintsha, ii-pickup kunye neempawu ezongezwa minyaka le-inceda ukuba ihlale iphambili kuyilo lwesiginci.
Namhlanje, i-Ibanez isaqhubeka nokuba nenguqu enkulu; amagcisa anamhlanje amaninzi abeke ukholo lwawo kolu phawu aquka uJoe Satriani, uSteve Vai kunye noPaul Gilbert - bonke abadlala isiginkci abadumileyo abadlala iziginkci ezimangalisayo eziphenjelelwa ngumbono kaHoshino Gakki emva phaya ngo-1929!
Ilifa
UHoshino Gakki, umseki womthengisi wesixhobo somculo esidumileyo, ushiye ilifa elihlala lihleli kwihlabathi lomculo. Uchukumise izigidi zobomi ngokubonelela ngokufikelela kwizixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwabo bangenako ukufikelela ngenye indlela. Wayiguqula indlela umculo owawufundiswa, uphuhliswa ngayo, nowenziwa ngayo, eshiya uphawu oluhlala luhleli kushishino. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kubomi bakhe kunye nomsebenzi wakhe kunye nendlela oluchaphazele ngayo ishishini lomculo namhlanje.
Ilifa likaHoshino Gakki kuMculo
U-Hoshino Gakki ngomnye wamanani anempembelelo kwishishini lezixhobo zomculo kwaye ilifa lakhe lisahlala namhlanje. Wajoyina u-Hoshino Shoten, umthengisi, ngo-1889 kwaye ngokukhawuleza waqala ukuvelisa izixhobo zomculo - waba ngomnye wabavelisi ababalaseleyo beziginci, iigubhu kunye nezinye izixhobo ezineentambo. Ukususela ngo-1945, uHoshino waqala ukuthumela iigitare zokutyikitya: I-Gibson yayiphethe i-brand ye-Ibanez.
Eli nyathelo libangele utshintsho olukhulu kuyilo kunye nomgangatho ovakalayo-ukubamisela njengenkokeli phakathi kwabanye abenzi besiginkci. Oku kukwakhokelele kuyilo lwabo lwangaphakathi olufana neefoto ze-IBZ (ezisasetyenziswayo namhlanje). Ngokuhamba kwexesha baye bakhupha iimodeli ezizizigidi ezininzi zezi zixhobo ezohlukeneyo ukusuka kumbane ukuya kwiimodeli ze-acoustic ecaleni koluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo.
Ukuzinikela kukaHoshino Gakki ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha kunye nomgangatho kubenze baba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomculo odumileyo - impembelelo yakhe echaphazela izizukulwana zeemvumi ezinetalente kwiintlobo ezininzi ezifana nerock, blues, jazz, punk njl. “Amahashe okusebenzela” avakala kakhulu kunye namaqonga ovavanyo lwabadlali abangakumbi/iziginkci ngokufanayo ukwenza iithowuni ezinqwenelekayo kwiminyaka ezayo.
Impembelelo kuShishino loMculo
UHoshino Gakki, umenzi wesixhobo somculo esikhulu saseJapan, eyedwa utshintshe indlela umculo owenziwe kwaye usetyenziswa ngayo namhlanje. Umbono wakhe omtsha wokwenza izixhobo ezingcono wenze ukuba abadlali bavelise iithowuni ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nemibala eya kuthi ekugqibeleni ibe ngumgangatho weentlobo ezininzi. Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, uguqule imveliso kunye nokuthengisa izixhobo, ephucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kweshishini lomculo kunye nokufikelela kubaphulaphuli ababanzi.
Ukuqala nge-apprenticeship kwi-1890s kwinkampani yesixhobo sendawo, uHoshino waba yintloko yemveliso kwinkampani yakhe - i-Hoshino Gakki factory - ngo-1925. Wakhawuleza wazimisa njengengcweti yengcali, ukwazisa iindlela zokuvelisa ezincediswa ngekhompyutha ezinciphisa kakhulu. zombini iindleko kunye nexesha lokwenza izixhobo zomgangatho ophezulu. Kunye nokuba nguvulindlela kwimveliso yekhompyuter, wayila uyilo lwesixhobo ngokuzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinjengeentonga zetruss kwiigita ezivumela ukuxinana kwemitya ukuba kwenyuse ukuqina nangakumbi.
Ethubeni ebomini uye wanikezela ngamaphulo okunceda abenzi besiginkci abasuka kwamanye amazwe afana ne-United States of America (USA) ukuba bakhuphisane kwiimarike zaseJapan kwaye obu bugcisa bunwenwe ngokukhawuleza nakwamanye amazwe; ukuguqula ushishino kwihlabathi jikelele. Ukuzibophelela kwakhe kokuhlala phambili ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni akhe ivenkile yomculo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Nihon Ongaku Kōgyo ngo-1961 - enye yeevenkile zokuqala zomculo zaseJapan ezithengisa izixhobo eziphezulu ezivela kubavelisi bangaphandle kunye namashishini akhulayo kwiimarike zangaphandle ekugqibeleni avumele oonyana bakhe uKatsumi noTomio. (uMongameli wangoku/i-CEO) bathathe indawo yokuphatha besakha sesinye sezixhobo zomculo zikhulu zanamhlanje eJapan- konke oku kubulela kwilifa abalizuza kutata wabo oye wabumba kakhulu imeko yethu yomculo wehlabathi namhlanje ngokubonelela ngenkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo.
kwitekhnoloji yesandi ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zethu - ukuziphakamisa zibe yinto esondele ngakumbi efana nezixhobo zobugcisa kunezinto nje zokuzonwabisa!
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
