UFloyd D. Rose yimvumi yaseMelika kunye nenjineli eyayila UFloyd Rose Ukuvala Inkqubo yeTremolo ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, ekugqibeleni waseka inkampani enegama elifanayo ukwenza kunye nelayisensi yeemveliso zakhe.
Le nkqubo yokutshixa kabini yayiphawuleka ngokukwazi kwayo ukuhlala kwi-tune nangona ukusetyenziswa okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokwahluka okubanzi kwi-pitch. Uyilo lwakhe lwaye lwamkelwa kamva kwiGuitar Worlds "I-10 Uninzi loMhlaba olugungqisa iGuitar Innovations."
intshayelelo
U-Floyd D. Rose uvunywa kakhulu ngokuguqula ihlabathi lale mihla le-rock-guitar ngokuyila inkqubo yokuqala yehlabathi yokutshixa ibhulorho ye-tremolo. Ukuveliswa kwakhe kwanceda ukuzisa ixesha elitsha lokuzinza kunye nokuchaneka kwesandi kwigitare yombane kunye nokuqhubela phambili kakhulu iteknoloji yesixhobo. Ilifa lika-Floyd liye lafikelela kude, kunye netekhnoloji yakhe ekhethekileyo isetyenziswa ngamagcisa amaninzi kunye namaqela kumashumi eminyaka ukusukela oko yasungulwa. Ngoku sijonga ngakumbi ukuba ngubani u-Floyd D. Rose kunye nendlela awayichaphazela ngayo imbali yomculo.
Ngubani uFloyd D. Rose?
UFloyd D. Rose ngumntu odumileyo kumculo wehlabathi, enkosi kuyilo lwakhe kunye nokuyila esinye sezona zixhobo zisetyenziswa kakhulu zetremolo kwiziginci zombane. I-Floyd Rose yokutshixa i-tremolo (okanye “i-whammy bar”) ngoku isetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo ngabadlali abahlukeneyo besiginci kwaye ibonelela ngothotho lweenketho zokudlala isiginci esicacileyo.
Uzalelwe e-Idaho ngo-1932, uFloyd Rose wayenomdla wokuyila kunye nokucula kwasebuncinaneni bakhe. Imvelaphi yakhe kubuchwela kunye nobuchule bokusombulula iingxaki kwamnika ubuchule bokuyila ibhulorho yakhe yesiko lekitala yakhe yokuqala – i’54 Fender Stratocaster. Kwade kwangowe-1976 awathi wagqibezela uyilo lwakhe olubalaseleyo ngoku, evula indlela eya phambili ngamathuba amatsha eemvumi kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, ii-trem zikaFloyd Rose zisetyenziswa ziziginkci kuyo yonke indawo ukukhulisa isitayile sabo sokudlala kunye nokongeza izandi ezizodwa kwiingoma zabo. Ihlala isesinye seziqwenga zezixhobo xa kuziwa kwimveliso yomculo, indlela abantu abasenza ngayo isandi sabo okanye benze izandi ezizodwa eqongeni ayiyeki ukumangalisa abaphulaphuli ngokufanayo.
Wenza ntoni ngomculo?
U-Floyd D. Rose waziwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe kuyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwegitala yombane, ngakumbi kuphuhliso lwenkqubo yokutshixa i-tremolo. Uncedise ekuguquleni ukudlala isiginci ngokuyilwa kwesi sixhobo, esivumele uhlengahlengiso olungaguqukiyo ngexesha lokugoba komtya okugqithisileyo kunye nokudlala i-vibrato.
Okokuqala waphuhliswa kunye neqabane lakhe, uStephen Weaver, uRose walungisa amacandelo amathathu eekatala zombane: isitshixo se nut, imilo yetailpiece kunye nenkqubo yebhulorho. Izitshixo zamandongomane zazizizikrufu ezibini ezinxuseneyo macala omabini kwi-fretboard slot nganye ukugcina imitya kwindawo xa ithunywe kumphakamo othile; oku kuphelise imfuno yokujija okuninzi malunga nesithuba esinye se-peghead tuner. Ubume be-tailpiece yahlengahlengiswa ngohlobo lokuba imitya ye-vibrato eguquguqukayo ikwazi ukutyibilika kwilophu yayo ephezulu ngokuchasene nokolulwa phakathi kweerola zebhulorho ngendlela yayo yesiqhelo-ukuqinisekisa ukungcangcazela okuchanekileyo kusiwa kwii-pickups ngelixa ikwavumela ukufikelela lula kwi-frets ephezulu ngelixa udlala. Ekugqibeleni, ibhulorho iye yafana ne-clamp endaweni yokuphumla nje phezulu kwezithuba nakweyiphi na isiphelo; oku kudale unxibelelwano olungaguqukiyo nokuba yeyiphi na isandi okanye umahluko wentambo yoxinzelelo oluveliswe kusetyenziso lwe-tremolo ngexesha lemidlalo okanye iiseshini zokurekhoda.
Inkqubo ye-tremolo ye-Floyd Rose isetyenziswe ziimvumi ezininzi ezivunyiweyo kule minyaka idlulileyo, ukusuka kwiingxilimbela ze-rock uJimi Hendrix kunye no-Eddie Van Halen ukuya kwii-superstars zangoku ezifana noJoe Satriani kunye no-John Petrucci. Igalelo lakhe liye lanceda ukubumba iintlobo ezininzi kwimbali yomculo kwaye namhlanje iseyeyona tremolos idumileyo ekhoyo kwiigita zombane namhlanje.
Obomi bakwangoko
U-Floyd D. Rose yimvumi kunye nomqambi owaziwayo ngokuyila inkqubo yakhe yokutshixa i-tremolo yokutshixa kwiziginci zombane ngo-1976. URose wazalelwa kwisiXeko saseNew York kwaye waboniswa emculweni kwasebusaneni. Usapho lwakhe lwafudukela eFresno, eCalifornia, apho uRose waya esikolweni kwaye waqala ukudlala umculo kwasebuntwaneni. Waphenjelelwa ngumculo weblues, jazz kunye nerock and roll, nto leyo eyamncedayo ukuba enze esakhe isandi kunye nesimbo.
Wazalelwa phi yaye nini?
UFloyd D. Rose wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 29, 1954 eLondon, eOntario, eKhanada. Esemncinane, wafudukela eCalifornia nosapho lwakhe kwaye ekugqibeleni waya kuhlala kwiphondo laseNew Jersey.
Waqala ukudlala isiginci esemncinane kakhulu kwaye waba nomdla womculo ngexesha lesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo ngaphambi kokuba aye kufunda ukuBunjwa koMculo kunye nokuRekhoda kwiKholeji yesiXeko saseNew York. Ngo-1977, uFloyd wafumana isidanga seBachelor kwiMfundo yoMculo – isiqinisekiso esamenza wafumana umsebenzi wokufundisa isiginkci kwinkqubo yesikolo sasekuhlaleni.
Kwaba ngeli xesha awathi waqala ukwakha iinxalenye zesiginci ngorhwebo kunye nokulinga uyilo olutsha lweebhulorho zesiginci kunye neetremolos. Kungekudala, u-Floyd wabeka iziseko zenkampani yakhe ebizwa ngokuba yi-Floyd Rose Original® (FRO)-ekugqibeleni eqhubela phambili nokusungula olona yilo luphumeleleyo lokutshixa lwe-tremolo ngoMatshi ka-1977.
Imfundo kunye nomsebenzi wokuqala
UFloyd D. Rose wazalwa ngoMeyi 3, 1948, eJacksonville, eFlorida. Wakhetha umculo njengekhondo lomsebenzi kwasebuntwaneni kwaye waya kwiSikolo soMculo saseJulliard apho wafunda khona uluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo zomculo kunye nezixhobo ezibandakanya. isiginci seklasiki, iigubhu, i-jazz kunye ne-bass yombane. Ngoxa wayeseJulliard, wadibana neemvumi ezidumileyo ezifana noMiles Davis, uJohn Coltrane kunye noHerbie Hancock abamkhuthaza ukuba ahlolisise izandi kunye nezitayela ezahlukeneyo zomculo.
Uphumelele emagqabini kuJulliard ngo-1970 kwaye waqala ukukhenketha kumazwe aphesheya njengemvumi yeseshoni enamagama amakhulu emculweni. Udlale njengeseshini yemvumi yamagcisa afana noBB King, uAretha Franklin Tony Bennett kunye noDavid Bowie ngexesha lakhe lokukhenketha nto leyo eyaluphucula ngakumbi ulwazi lwakhe lophuhliso lomculo ukutyhubela iminyaka.
Ngo-1975 wabuyela e-Nashville apho wayesebenza njenge-adjunct faculty kwiYunivesithi yaseVanderbilt yeBlair School of Music iminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokuba aqalise umsebenzi eyedwa egxile ekudaleni izixhobo zomculo ezintsha ezaziza kuguqula iziginkci zombane ngonaphakade.
Umsebenzi woMculo
UFloyd D. Rose ngumntu odumileyo kwihlabathi lomculo. Udale ibhulorho yetremolo etshixa kabini, ngoku eyaziwa ngokuba yiFloyd Rose, eguqule indlela ezidlalwa ngayo iziginkci zombane. Watshintsha indlela abadlali begitala abasondela ngayo kumanqaku kunye neechords, ebavumela ukuba bafezekise imiphumo yokugoba imitya esele ixhaphakile kumculo wale mihla. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kubomi kunye nomsebenzi kaFloyd D. Rose kunye nefuthe lezinto aziqambileyo kushishino lomculo.
Iimpembelelo zakhe zomculo
U-Floyd D. Rose wayeyimvumi kunye nomcwangcisi owayenempembelelo enkulu kwiintlobo ezininzi zomculo wale mihla, kuquka i-jazz, umphefumlo kunye ne-rock 'n' roll. Imvelaphi yakhe yangaphambili yayikumculo wegospile kwaye utyekelo lwakhe lwendalo ekuphuculeni lwamenza wahluka kwabanye. Ngelixa wayebhalela awona maqela adumileyo ngelo xesha, uRose naye waba nomdla wokucwangcisa zombini iingoma kunye neziqwenga zezixhobo.
Isimbo sobuchule sikaRose saphenjelelwa kakhulu ngumculo weJazz wase-Afrika-Amerika, i-rock 'n' roll ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1950, kunye nezingqisho kunye ne-motifs yaseLatin America. Ufunde ukurekhodwa kwebhendi enkulu ukusuka ku-Count Basie ukuya kuDuke Ellington kwaye waphefumlelwa ukuba abandakanye izandi zeempondo zexesha lama-20s ngokuhambelanayo kumculo wanamhlanje onjenge-funk kunye nomphefumlo. Ngokukwanjalo, uzamile ukungenisa ulungiselelo lwejazz ngokwesiko lwangaphambili kunye nezingqisho ezintsha ezenzelwe yena kunye neemvakalelo zakhe zobuhle ezizodwa. Umsebenzi wakhe ubhiyozelwa ngokubanzi namhlanje njengomzekelo wokuchuma komculo oye washiya uphawu olungacimekiyo kwiintlobo ezininzi zomculo odumileyo.
Isimbo sakhe sokutyikitya
U-Floyd D. Rose, ngamanye amaxesha owaziwa ngokuba yi-"godfather of the whammy bar," waziwa kakhulu ngokuchukumisa kwakhe okongeziweyo kwisandi somculo wentsimbi. Wayiguqula indlela abadlali besiginkci abadlala ngayo ngobuchule benguqu obudibanisa ukuntyiloza kwasendle kwepolyrhythmic kunye ne-vibrato endlongondlongo ebetha kwisiginitsha sakhe ibhulorho ye-Tremolo ye-Floyd Rose - edla ngokubizwa ngokuba "yi-whammy bar" - ukwenza i-riffage entsonkothileyo edizzyingly. Oku kubangele isandi esilawulwa ngokungqongqo kodwa esinamandla.
Ukusetyenziswa kobuchule kukaRose kwesijwili sakhe, ukugquma kwebhari akuzange kumise imbali yentsimbi enzima nje; yakha i-subgenre yayo ngaphakathi kwayo, kuquka izenzo ezifana noVan Halen, i-Metallica kunye ne-Guns & Roses abayamkela ngaphandle kokungabaza. Ezinye iimvumi zinika imbeko ekusebenziseni kwazo ngobuchule i-whammy bar kwimpembelelo kaRose, kuquka neerokhi zepop ezifana noJohn Mayer noCarlos Santana, abafake iziphumo zabo eziphazamisayo emsebenzini wabo. Oovulindlela bentsimbi yokufa Ukufa kunye neSabatha Emnyama nazo zaphenjelelwa kakhulu sisitayile esikhethekileyo sikaFloyd Rose. Nangona engakhange adunyiswe ngokubanzi njengentshayelelo kwizangqa zemveli, iindlela ezintsha zobuchule zikaRose zinefuthe elibanzi kumculo wale mihla ukusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe kwaye zisaqhubeka zisetyenziswa namhlanje.
Ibhulorho yeFloyd Rose Tremolo
U-Floyd D. Rose waguqula ihlabathi leziginkci zombane xa wayezisa i-Floyd Rose Tremolo Bridge ngeminyaka yoo-1970. Le bhulorho ivumele abadlali besiginkci ukuba balawule ngakumbi isixhobo kunye nokulinga izandi ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona ibonelele ngendlela ekhuseleke ngakumbi yokushuna iziginkci, njengoko iintambo zinokutshixwa kwindawo yazo. Ngokuqulunqwa kwakhe, u-Floyd Rose watshintsha imboni yomculo kwaye uyaqhubeka enempembelelo kuze kube namhlanje.
Indlela awayila ngayo ibhulorho
Ibhulorho ye-Floyd Rose Tremolo yasungulwa ekupheleni koo-1970 ngu-Floyd D. Rose, umqalisi wesiginkci kunye no-master luthier. Le bhulorho yokutshixa i-tremolo ekhethekileyo kunye nenkqubo ye-nut iguqule ishishini kwaye isetyenziswe phantse kuzo zonke iigitare zombane ukususela ngoko.
Le nkqubo yokutshixa i-tremolo ivumela abadlali ukuba bacule iziginkci zabo ngokuchanekileyo, balungelelanise uxinezeleko ngokuchasene nemitya, kwaye benze ubuchule obunje ngeebhombu zokuntywila, ukucofa i-harmonic, ngokwesiqhelo okubizwa ngokuba yi-flutter vibrato, eyaziwa kakhulu njengeebhombu zokuntywila ebezinokuthi zikhuphe ngaphandle komculo. Ikwavumela utshintsho olukhawulezayo lweentambo ukususela ekubeni akukho ukujija okufunekayo ukugcina iintambo kwindawo; imitya yokutshixa endaweni inika ukuchaneka okukhulu kunye nokuzinza kuneebhulorho zemveli. Ngale nkqubo yokutshixa, akukho mfuneko yakuzikhathaza malunga nesiginkci sakho esiphuma kumculo xa udlala ubuchule obundlongo-ndlongo okanye utshintsha ii-tunings rhoqo.
Ibhulorho inamacandelo amabini; i-baseplate eneesali ezilungelelaniswayo ukuphakama kunye nezwi kunye nengalo (ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-whammy bar). I-baseplate incanyathiselwe kumzimba wegitare ngezikrufu ezithandathu kwaye iyakwazi ukujikeleza malunga ne-axis ekufutshane okanye ekupheleni kobude bayo ukuze ikwazi ukunyuka okanye ukuhla. Esinye isiphelo sincanyathiselwe kwindibano yentlakohlaza ehlengahlengiswayo enika uxinzelelo olulungelelanisiweyo ngokuchasene neentambo zazo zombini uxinzelelo oluya ezantsi (umzekelo ukunyusa ukutsalwa) kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu (oluvumela ukugoba kumanqaku adidayo ngaphandle kokuya bukhali). Ingalo edadayo ibonelela ngokuguquguquka okuthe kratya ukuyivumela ukuba iphakanyiswe phezulu ngelixa idlala kunezinye ii-tremolos ezininzi apho ithintelwa yimithombo yayo ye-fin edityaniswe nobude bayo be-lever iyonke - ukudala isiphumo "esidadayo" xa kudityaniswa nezinto ezifana nokucofa i-harmonics njl. Kungenjalo kwaziwa njengokudipha okanye ukunyusa inowuthi kude kube kukuyeka ukungcangcazela ngenxa yokukhuhlana komtya kwiminwe yeminwe; ukuvumela ezi zandi zikhethekileyo zilawule kuzo zonke izimbo/iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neBlues Shred Metal Rock Classical Jazz Country njl.njl….
Yintoni eyenzayo ngokudlala isiginci
Ibhulorho ye-Floyd Rose Tremolo, eyaqanjwa kwaye yathiywa ngegama lomyili wecwecwe u-Floyd D. Rose, yindlela yokutshintsha umsila oqinileyo kwenye ibhulorho yesiginci yetremolo. Njengenkqubo yoomatshini, iFloyd Rose Tremolo Bridge isebenza ukonyusa imvisiswano ye-vibrato ekudlaleni ikatala kwaye ivumela ukuntyiloza ngaphandle kokuthotyelwa phantsi kweentambo.
Ibhulorho inamalungu amaninzi, kubandakanywa iibhulorho (iyunithi ebekwe phezu komzimba), iisali (ezihlala phantsi kweentambo) kunye nemithombo (ebonelela nge-balance balance for threads kwi-nut). Indongomane yokutshixa ikwasebenza ngepali yepivot yokutshixa kunye nezikrufu eziphothiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba xa sele zixinile, iintambo aziphumi ekuhleni. Oku kwenza ukuba iigitala zikwazi ukusebenzisa ukugoba okugqithisileyo, iibhombu zokuntywila kunye nee-vibratos ngaphandle kokukhathazeka malunga nokuphinda kulungiswe phakathi kweengoma okanye iiseti.
Iigitala ezisebenzisa le nkqubo zonwabela uzinzo olukhulu lwezenzo kwiikatala zazo kunye nokuqina okuphuculweyo, amanqaku ahlala elizwini ixesha elide xa egobile okanye elawulwa ngaphezulu okanye ezantsi kwibhodi ye-fret. Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba kukho ukuqhawuka komtya omncinci kuba ihlala itshixiwe endaweni engcono kuneebhulorho ze-tremolo zemveli, akukho ngxolo ikhathazayo ngenxa yeziqwenga ezishukumayo ngaphandle kwe-sync. Kulula ukuqonda ukuba kutheni abadlali abaninzi abaqeqeshiweyo bekhethe olu tshintsho lumangalisayo njengokuseta ibhulorho yokuya kwabo!
Ilifa
U-Floyd D. Rose uthathwa ngokuba nguvulindlela kushishino lomculo, kwaye ilifa lakhe liye lavakala ukutyhubela amashumi eminyaka ukususela oko waqalisa ukwenza iFloyd Rose yokutshixa i-tremolo ngo-1977. indlela abazidlala ngayo izixhobo zabo zomculo, yaye impembelelo yobuchule bakhe inokuviwa phantse kuzo zonke iintlobo zomculo wale mihla. Makhe sijonge nzulu ngelifa likaRose kunye nendlela eliwuchaphazele ngayo umculo wale mihla.
Impembelelo yakhe kwishishini lomculo
UFloyd D. Rose ligama elaziwa nelihlonelwayo ngabaninzi kushishino lomculo, abo baphulaphuleyo kunye nabo badlalayo. Wayengumqambi waseMelika owaphuhlisa izinto ezininzi eziqanjiweyo ezinxulumene nezixhobo zeentambo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kumculo. Waziwa kakhulu ngokuphuhlisa i-tremolo yokutshixa, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Floyd Rose tremolo. Olu qulunqo luguqule ukudlala isiginci sombane, luvumela abadlali ukuba bafikelele kuzo zonke iintlobo zezandi ezitsha kunye nokubamba amanqaku ngokugqibeleleyo ngelixa bedlala nangasiphi na isantya.
Ukuveliswa kukaRose kube nempembelelo enkulu kushishino lomculo, kusetyenziswe abanye abaqambi ababalaseleyo bamatye abafana noSteve Vai, uEddie Van Halen kunye noJoe Satriani. Kwavumela iimvumi ukuba zithathe ukudlala kwazo phezulu nangaphezulu kunanini na ngaphambili ngokukwazi ukuvelisa i-harmonics kunye nokugoba okungenakufezekiswa ngeziginci zemveli okanye i-tremolos. Uyilo lwakhe luya kuqhubeka lube yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-hardware yiemvumi eziqeqeshiweyo kunye nabathandi bokuzonwabisa ngokufanayo.
Ilifa likaRose alipheli kwigalelo lakhe kwihlabathi lokudlala isiginci se-elektroniki nangona kunjalo; waye wabandakanyeka kakhulu kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yeegitala zakudala. Ukusuka ekuyileni iibhulorho ezinokubamba iintambo ngokuqinileyo kungakhathaliseki ukuba zibonakaliswe kangakanani na ukungcangcazela, uRose naye wayila iisali zeendongomane ezivumela amanqaku acacileyo ukusuka kwimitya evulekileyo endaweni yezandi ezinodaka ngokufuthi ziviwa ngenxa yokutsalwa kwemitya ephantsi okanye iindongomane ezimile ngendlela engafanelekanga okanye iibhulorho. Ngomsebenzi wakhe kwiziginci zeklasiki uFloyd D Rose walungiselela isandi sesixhobo somtya sokuvelisa ngobuninzi esathi satshintsha ngonaphakade ubugcisa bemveliso kwiifektri kwihlabathi jikelele esazisa imigangatho emitsha yoshishino ebhiyozelwa nanamhlanje xa kuthengwa izixhobo zomgangatho wokungena kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile kwihlabathi liphela.
Ilifa lakhe kwihlabathi lesiginci
UFloyd D. Rose wayeyintshatsheli kwihlabathi likatala kwaye washiya ngasemva ilifa elingasayi kulityalwa. Uyilo lwakhe lwantlandlolo lwentongomane yokutshixa, inkqubo yetremolo kunye nebhulorho yokulungisa kakuhle iye yasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiziginci ezikumgangatho ophezulu, emisela imigangatho yodidi oluqeqeshelweyo kuzo zonke izixhobo zexesha elizayo.
Uyilo luka-Floyd lube nefuthe elikhulu kumculo wanamhlanje odumileyo kuba lwenza ukuba ukudlala isiginci kube lula kwaye kuphendule ngakumbi. Emva kokuqaliswa kwe-1981 yeebhulorho zokutshixa ze-'Floyd Rose ', iimvumi zazikwazi ukutshintsha iithoni ngexesha lokusebenza kwazo kwaye ziququzelele ukuqhubela phambili kwe-harmonic ngomzamo omncinci kunanini ngaphambili. Ezi ntlobo zomculo eziqhubela phambili ezifana nentsimbi, i-punk kunye ne-grunge kwi-mainstream, ivumela abadlali begitare ukuba baziveze ngenkululeko enkulu ngendlela engazange yenzeke ngaphambi kokuveliswa kuka-Floyd.
Ngaphandle kwempembelelo kaFloyd kubuchwepheshe bale mihla, uninzi lomculo esiwaziyo namhlanje ngekhe ubekho. Umsebenzi wakhe wanceda ekungeniseni ixesha elitsha lokudlalwa kwekatala elatshintsha umculo odumileyo ngonaphakade-into akhunjulwa ngayo kakhulu ziimvumi kwihlabathi jikelele.
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
