Iifowuni zeCondenser kunye neemakrofoni ze-lavalier zombini zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiisetingi eziphilayo kwiintetho, iintetho, kunye neekonsathi. Nangona kunjalo, baneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuchola isandi. Iimakrofoni zeCondenser zikhulu kwaye zinovakalelo ngakumbi, zibamba uluhlu olubanzi lweefrikhwensi kunye nezandi ezisezantsi. Okwangoku, lavalier mics zincinci kwaye ziya kwicala elingaphezulu, zithatha izandi ezikwi-frequency ephezulu ngcono. Kweli nqaku, ndiza kuphonononga umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini zemakrofoni kwaye ndikukhokele ekukhetheni eyona ilungileyo kwiimfuno zakho.
Ukuqonda Umahluko phakathi kweLavalier kunye neCondenser Microphones
Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa zokuba kutheni ii-microphone ze-condenser zikhethwa ukurekhoda ngaphezu kwee-microphone ezinamandla. Nazi ezinye zeenzuzo eziphambili:
- Iimics zeCondenser (nantsi indlela ezithelekisa ngayo neziguqukayo) babe noluhlu olubanzi lwamaza, nto leyo ethetha ukuba banokuchola uluhlu olukhulu lwezandi.
- Zinovakalelo ngakumbi kuneemakrofoni eziguqukayo, okuthetha ukuba banokucholaza izandi ezithuleyo kunye neenuances kwiaudio.
- Iimakrofoni zeCondenser zihlala zinempendulo engcono yethutyana, okuthetha ukuba zinokubamba ngokuchanekileyo utshintsho lwesiquphe kwisandi.
- Bangcono ekuphakamiseni izandi eziphezulu, ezibenza zibe zikhulu zokurekhoda amazwi kunye nezinye izandi eziphezulu.
Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemakrofoni zeCondenser?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zee-microphone ze-condenser: i-diaphragm enkulu kunye ne-diaphragm encinci. Nantsi indlela ezahluke ngayo:
- Iimakrofoni ezinkulu ze-diaphragm condenser zinendawo enkulu yomphezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba zinokuthatha isandi esingaphezulu kwaye zingcono ekubambeni izandi ezisezantsi. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukurekhoda amazwi kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-acoustic.
- Iimakrofoni ezincinci ze-diaphragm condenser zinendawo encinci yomphezulu, okuthetha ukuba zingcono ekuthatheni izandi eziphezulu. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukurekhoda izixhobo ezinje ngamacangci, iziginci ezivakalayo, kunye neevayolini.
Ziziphi izinto eziluncedo zokusebenzisa imakrofoni yeLavalier?
Imakrofoni yeLavalier ineengenelo ezimbalwa ngaphezulu kwezinye iintlobo zemakrofoni:
- Zincinci kwaye zingabonakali, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zilungele ukurekhoda kwiimeko apho ungafuni ukuba imakrofoni ibonakale.
- Ziyilelwe ukuba zinxitywe kufutshane nomzimba, okuthetha ukuba banokuthatha isandi esivakalayo sendalo ngaphandle kokuthatha ingxolo eninzi yangasemva.
- Ngokuqhelekileyo zi-omnidirectional, okuthetha ukuba ziyakwazi ukuthabatha isandi ukusuka macala onke. Oku kunokuba luncedo xa urekhoda abantu abaninzi okanye xa ufuna ukubamba isandi esisezantsi.
Loluphi uhlobo lwemakrofoni onokuthi ukhethe?
Ekugqibeleni, uhlobo lombhobho oyikhethayo luya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zakho ezithile kunye nohlobo lomsebenzi owenzayo. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa usenza ukhetho lwakho:
- Ukuba ufuna imakrofoni encinci kwaye ingabonakali, i-microphone ye-lavalier inokuba lolona khetho lungcono.
- Ukuba ufuna imakrofoni enovakalelo olugqithisileyo kwaye inokucholaza uluhlu olubanzi lwezandi, i-microphone yecondenser inokuba yindlela yokuhamba.
- Ukuba ujonge imakrofoni ekulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ayifuni zixhobo ezininzi ezongezelelweyo, imakrofoni eguqukayo inokuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo.
- Ukuba urekhoda amazwi okanye ezinye izixhobo ze-acoustic, umbhobho omkhulu we-diaphragm condenser mhlawumbi lolona khetho lungcono.
- Ukuba urekhoda izixhobo eziphakamileyo ezifana neecangci okanye iivayolini, imakrofoni encinci ye-diaphragm condenser inokuba yindlela yokuhamba.
Khumbula, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhetha imakrofoni eya kukunceda ufezekise olona mgangatho ulungileyo womsindo kwiimfuno zakho ezithile.
Idabi leMics: Condenser vs Lavalier
Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni imakrofoni efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho zokuvelisa iaudio, zininzi izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele. Nazi ezinye iireferensi zokukunceda wenze isigqibo esinolwazi:
Iintlobo zemakrofoni ezidumileyo
- Iimayikhrofoni zeCondenser: Ezi mics zihlala zibuthathaka kwaye zinoluhlu oluphezulu kuneemics ezinamandla. Zilungele umsebenzi we-studio kunye nokuthatha uluhlu olubanzi lwezandi. Ezinye iibrendi ezidumileyo ziquka i-AKG kunye neShure.
- Imakrofoni yeLavalier: Ezi mics zincinci, zineentambo zenzelwe ukuba zinxitywe kufutshane nomzimba kwaye zithandwa kwiintetho kunye neentetho. Zikwabizwa ngokuba yilapel mics kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiTV nakwimveliso yefilimu. Ezinye iibrendi ezidumileyo ziquka iShure kunye neSennheiser.
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kweCondenser kunye neLavalier Microphones
- Ipateni yokuthatha: ii-mics zecondenser zihlala zinepateni ebanzi yokuchola, ngelixa i-lavalier mics zinepateni yokucofa ekufutshane.
- Amandla ePhantom: I-condenser mics ihlala ifuna amandla e-phantom, ngelixa i-lavalier mics ayifuni.
- Isidima: Iimics zeCondenser zaziwa ngesandi sazo esikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiisetingi zesitudiyo sobuchwephesha. I-Lavalier mics ziyaziwa ngokuguquguquka kwazo kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiisetingi eziphilayo.
- Uvakalelo: Iimics zecondenser zihlala zinobuntununtunu kune-lavalier mics, okuthetha ukuba zinokucholaza izandi ezifihlakeleyo.
- Uhlobo lweZandi: I-Condenser mics ilungele ukubamba uluhlu olubanzi lwezandi, ngelixa i-lavalier mics ifaneleke kakhulu ukubamba izandi zezwi.
- I-engile: Iimics zeCondenser zihlala ziyilelwe ukuba zisebenze kwi-engile esisigxina, ngelixa i-lavalier mics inokuhanjiswa ukuze ihambelane neemfuno zomqhubi.
- Ipateni yePolar: Iimics zeCondenser zihlala zinepateni ye-cardioid polar, ngelixa i-lavalier mics idla ngokuba ne-omnidirectional polar pattern.
Ukukhetha imakrofoni eLungileyo kwiimfuno zakho
- Ukuba ujonge imakrofoni yomsebenzi westudio, i-condenser mic ihlala lolona khetho lulungileyo. Zinovakalelo kwaye zinokubamba uluhlu olubanzi lwezandi.
- Ukuba ujonge imakrofoni yesethingi ephilayo, i-lavalier mic ihlala lolona khetho lulungileyo. Zincinci kwaye zisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, kwaye zinokunxitywa kufutshane nomzimba ukuze zisetyenziswe ngaphandle kwezandla.
- Ukuba udubula ividiyo kwaye ufuna imakrofoni enokuthi ibambe isandi ukude, i-mic gun ihlala lolona khetho lulungileyo. Ziyilelwe ukuba zithathe isandi ukusuka kwicala elithile kwaye zifanelekile ukubamba incoko kwifilimu kunye nemveliso yeTV.
- Ukuba ufuna i-microphone ephathwayo ukuze usebenze ngelizwi, imakrofoni eguqukayo ihlala lolona khetho lulungileyo. Zihlala zihlala kwaye ziyakwazi ukusingatha amanqanaba aphezulu okuzuza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
- Ukuba ufuna imakrofoni engenazingcingo, zombini i-condenser kunye ne-lavalier mics ziyafumaneka kwiinguqulelo ezingenazingcingo. Jonga iibrendi ezinje ngeShure kunye neSennheiser yeemakrofoni ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Imiba eyongezelelweyo emayiqwalaselwe
- Yakha Umgangatho: Khangela i-microphone eyakhelwe kakuhle kwaye ehlala ixesha elide, ngakumbi ukuba uceba ukuzisebenzisa kwindawo yobugcisa.
- Iimakrofoni ezininzi: Ukuba ufuna ukuthatha isandi kwimithombo emininzi, cinga ukusebenzisa imibhobho emininzi endaweni yokuxhomekeka kwimakrofoni enye ukwenza umsebenzi.
- I-Varimotion: Jonga ii-microphone ezinobuchwephesha be-varimotion, eyenza i-mic ikwazi ukusingatha uluhlu olubanzi lwezandi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
- I-intshi kunye neDegree: Qwalasela ubungakanani kunye ne-engile ye-microphone xa ukhetha i-mic stand okanye ingalo ye-boom ukuyibamba endaweni.
- Udumo: Jonga ii-microphone ezivela kwiibrendi ezithembekileyo ezinegama elihle lomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka.
I-microphone ye-lavalier, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-lapel mic, yimakrofoni encinci enokuthi ifakwe kwiimpahla okanye ifihlwe kwizinwele zomntu. Luhlobo lwe-microphone ye-condenser edla ngokusetyenziselwa ukurekhoda i-audio kwiimeko apho i-microphone enkulu ingayi kusebenza okanye ingabonakali.
- Iimakrofoni zeLavalier ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kumabonwakude, kwifilimu, nakwimveliso yethiyetha, nakwiziganeko zokuthetha esidlangalaleni kunye nodliwano-ndlebe.
- Zikwalukhetho oludumileyo lokurekhoda iipodcasts kunye neevidiyo zeYouTube, njengoko zivumela isithethi ukuba sijikeleze ngokukhululekileyo ngelixa sibamba iaudio ekumgangatho ophezulu.
Imakrofoni yeCondenser: IMic eSensitive Ebamba izandi zeNdalo
Iimakrofoni zeCondenser zifuna umthombo wamandla, ngokuqhelekileyo kwindlela yamandla e-phantom, ukusebenza. Lo mthombo wamandla ubiza i-capacitor, ukuyivumela ukuba ithathe nezandi ezincinci. Uyilo lwe-microphone ye-condenser ivumela ukuba ibe novakalelo olugqithisileyo kwaye ifezekise uluhlu olubanzi lweefrikhwensi, iyenze ibe lukhetho olukhulu lokurekhoda izandi zendalo.
Ungayikhetha njani imakrofoni yeCondenser eLungileyo?
Xa ukhangela imakrofoni yecondenser, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimfuno ezithile zeprojekthi yakho yokurekhoda. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ziquka ubungakanani kunye noyilo lwemakrofoni, uhlobo lwepateni yokuthatha eyisebenzisayo, kunye nomgangatho wamacandelo afakiweyo. Ekugqibeleni, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhetha imakrofoni yecondenser kukuvavanya iimodeli ezahlukeneyo kwaye ubone ukuba yeyiphi evelisa umgangatho wesandi owufunayo.
Ukuqonda iipateni zokuthatha: Ungayikhetha njani eyona Microphone ilungileyo kwiimfuno zakho
Xa kuziwa kwimakrofoni, ipateni yokuchola ibhekisa kwindawo ejikeleze imakrofoni apho ivakala kakhulu kwisandi. Oku kubalulekile kuba kuchaphazela umgangatho womsindo orekhodayo. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeepateni zokuthatha: i-cardioid, i-omnidirectional, kunye ne-lobar.
Ipateni yeCardioid Pickup
Ipateni ye-cardioid pickup lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwepateni yokuchola efumaneka kwiimakrofoni eziqhelekileyo. Isebenza ngokuchola isandi ukusuka phambi kombhobho ngelixa ukwala izandi ezivela emacaleni nasemva. Oku kuluncedo ekuthinteleni ingxolo engafunekiyo kunye nokuphazamiseka ekuchaphazeni ukurekhoda kwakho. Ukuba ujonge imakrofoni enokuphatha izandi ezininzi kwisitudiyo sokuseta, i-cardioid mic lukhetho oluhle.
Ipateni yokuThatha i-Omnidirectional
Ipateni yokuthatha i-omnidirectional ithatha isandi ngokulinganayo kuwo onke amacala. Oku kuluncedo xa ufuna ukubamba uluhlu olubanzi lwezandi okanye xa ufuna ukongeza isuntswana lengxolo yangasemva ekurekhodeni kwakho. I-Omnidirectional mics idla ngokufunyanwa kwimibhobho ye-lavalier, encanyathiselwe emzimbeni okanye kwimpahla yomntu othethayo. Zikwaluncedo xa urekhoda kwi-a indawo enengxolo (nazi ezona mics zingcono zaloo ndlela), njengoko bekwazi ukucholaza izandi kwindawo ebanzi.
Yeyiphi iPhatheni yokuThatha eyeyona ilungileyo kuwe?
Ukukhetha ipateni efanelekileyo yokuthatha kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho ezithile. Ukuba urekhoda kwisitudiyo kwaye ufuna ukwahlula isandi esithile, i-lobar mic ilungile. Ukuba urekhoda kwindawo enengxolo kwaye ufuna ukufota uluhlu olubanzi lwezandi, i-omnidirectional mic yindlela yokuhamba. Ukuba ufuna ukubamba umthombo wesandi esinye ngelixa ukhusela ingxolo engafunekiyo, i-cardioid mic yeyona ndlela ilungileyo.
Ukuqonda iipateni zePolar
Iipateni zepolar yenye indlela yokubhekisa kwiipateni zokuchola. Igama elithi “polar” libhekisela kwimilo yendawo engqonge umbhobho wesandisi-lizwi apho usiva kakhulu isandi. Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zeepateni zepolar: i-cardioid, i-omnidirectional, i-figure-8, kunye nompu.
Umfanekiso-8 Ipateni yePolar
Umzobo-8 iphethini ye-polar ithatha isandi ukusuka ngaphambili nangasemva kwe-microphone ngelixa igatya izandi ezivela kumacala. Oku kuluncedo xa urekhoda abantu ababini abajongeneyo.
Ukunika amandla: Ukuqonda amandla ePhantom yeeMikrofoni zeCondenser
Amandla e-Phantom ngumbane onikezelwa kwii-microphone ze-condenser ngentambo ye-XLR. La mandla afunekayo ukusebenzisa i-elektroniki esebenzayo ngaphakathi kwe-microphone, ebandakanya i-preamp kunye nenqanaba lokuphuma. Ngaphandle kwamandla e-phantom, imakrofoni ayiyi kusebenza.
Isebenza njani iPhantom Power?
Amandla e-Phantom anikezelwa ngentambo efanayo ye-XLR ethwala isandi esivakalayo ukusuka kwimakrofoni ukuya kwisixhobo sokurekhoda okanye ikhonsoli. Amandla adla ngokunikezelwa kumbane we-48 volts DC, nangona ezinye iimakrofoni zinokufuna amandla ombane asezantsi. Amandla aqulethwe ngaphakathi kwekhebula elifanayo njengesignali yomsindo, oku kuthetha ukuba intambo enye kuphela iyadingeka ukuxhuma imakrofoni kwisixhobo sokurekhoda.
Ungajonga njani ukuba iMakrofoni yakho ifuna amandla ePhantom
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba imakrofoni yakho ifuna amandla e-phantom, jonga iinkcukacha ezibonelelwe ngumenzi. Uninzi lweemakrofoni zecondenser zifuna amandla e-phantom, kodwa ezinye zinokuba nebhetri yangaphakathi okanye enye indlela yokubonelela ngombane ekhoyo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukujonga inqanaba lamandla e-phantom afunwa ngumbhobho wakho, njengoko ezinye zifuna i-voltage ephantsi kune-volts ye-48 eyaziwayo.
Umahluko phakathi kwePhantom Power kunye neBattery Power
Ngelixa ezinye ii-microphone zinokuba nebhetri yangaphakathi okanye enye indlela yokubonelela ngombane ekhoyo, amandla e-phantom yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukunika amandla ii-microphone ze-condenser. Amandla ebhetri anokuba luncedo kucwangciso lokurekhoda oluphathwayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukujonga inqanaba lebhetri ngaphambi kokurekhoda. Amandla ePhantom, kwelinye icala, yindlela ethembekileyo nengaguqukiyo yokunika amandla imakrofoni yakho.
Ukuxhobisa iGear yakho ngobuchwephesha
Ukufumana esona sandi sibalaseleyo kwimakrofoni yecondenser yakho kufuna okungaphezulu nje kokuyiplaga kwaye uyilayite. Ukuqonda imiba yobugcisa yamandla e-phantom kunye nendlela enxibelelana ngayo nemakrofoni yakho kubalulekile ukuze ufumane okona kusebenza kakuhle. Ngolwazi oluninzi olukhoyo, kulula ukufunda ngakumbi ngesi sihloko sibalulekileyo kwaye ube yingcaphephe yokudibanisa kunye nokwenza amandla izixhobo zakho.
isiphelo
Ii-microphone ze-Condenser kunye nee-microphone ze-lavalier zombini zilungile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kodwa xa kuziwa ekurekhodweni komsindo, kufuneka ukhethe i-microphone efanelekileyo yomsebenzi.
Ke, xa ujonge i-microphone, khumbula ukuqwalasela uhlobo lwesandi osikhangelayo, kunye neemfuno zakho ezithile.
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weNeaera kunye nomthengisi womxholo, utata, kwaye ndiyakuthanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha ngesiginkci entliziyweni yothando lwam, kunye neqela lam, ndisenza amanqaku eblogi anzulu ukusukela ngo-2020. ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngokurekhoda kunye neengcebiso zesiginci.
