Nhanho Yese, inozivikanwawo se toni, inguva yechipiri pakukura inowanikwa mumimhanzi. Inonzi semitones maviri, kana hafu-nhanho, yakafara uye ine zvinyorwa zviviri zve diatonic scale. Iyi nguva inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemimhanzi uye yakakosha pakunzwisisa nekugadzira nziyo.
Munyaya ino tichakurukura Yese Danho nezvinhu zvayo zvose zvine hukama.
Tsanangudzo Yenhanho Yese
Danho rose, inozivikanwawo se 'chinyorwa chose' or 'chipiri chikuru', inguva mumhanzi yakagadzirwa nemanotsi maviri ari padyo ari maviri semitones (aka hafu nhanho) zvakasiyana. Ndiyo chinhambwe chikuru chaunokwanisa kufamba papiyano nekiyi imwe chete usati wadzvanya kiyi yakasiyana kuti uenderere mberi mune chero nzira.
Pazvikero zvenguva dzose, pakukwira, nhanho iyi inotsanangura kufamba kubva panoti yekutanga kuenda pazita rebhii rechipiri mune chero chikero chakapihwa. Somuenzaniso, a nhanho yose kubva paF inenge iri G. Kana ichidzika yaizotsanangura kufamba kubva pane imwe noti kuenda kune imwe pazasi payo nemaarufabheti muchikero - kufamba kubva kuC kuenda kuB kwaizotorwa senhanho yekudzika pasi. Kazhinji, nguva idzi dzichava nemazita emavara akafanana zvisinei kuti ari kukwira kana kudzika divi ripi asi anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekuiswa kwetsaona uye kufamba kwechromatic mukati memamiriro ezvimwe zvikero kana zvikero zviri kushandiswa mukati memimhanzi iri kuridzwa chero ipi zvayo. nguva.
Panyaya yenotation, kazhinji nguva iyi inonyorwa senge madotsi maviri akamira padivi nepadivi or dot rimwe hofori iyo inotambanudzira maviri aya mazita emavara - anoreva chinhu chimwe chete mumimhanzi uye anongoshandura aesthetically senzira yekuverenga kuverenga uye / kana stylistic zvido zvekukwezva zvinoonekwa kana zvakadhindwa zvinyorwa zvinobvunzurudzwa panguva yezviitwa zvemumhanzi senge recitals uye rehearsals, nezvimwe ...
Zvazvinoreva muMumhanzi Theory
Mumhanzi dzidziso, mumwe danho rose inzira yekuyera namo munhevedzano. Dzimwe nguva inodaidzwa kuti a inzwi rakazara, uye inguva yemimhanzi yakaenzana nemasemitone maviri. Mune mamwe mazwi, inguva pakati pemanotsi maviri anopatsanurwa nemakiyi maviri pane keyboard kana fretboard. Nhanho yese inogona kushandiswa kugadzira nziyo nemakoreti, kana kuona mafambiro echord uye mafambiro ekubatana.
Ngationgororei zvakadzama mukunzwisisa nhanho dzose mumhanzi theory:
Nguva Yenhanho Yese
Mumhanzi dzidziso, mumwe danho rose inguva ine saizi yenhanho mbiri (kana semitones). Inonzi zvakare a chechipiri chikuru, nokuti nguva iyi inoenderana nehupamhi hwesekondi pachiyero chikuru. Nhanho yerudzi urwu inonzi a genus atius: ine makiyi maviri matema papiyano.
Nhanho yese ndeimwe yenguva dzinowanzowanikwa mumhanzi wekumadokero harmonic. Sezvo yakapamhama zvakapetwa kaviri sechikamu chidiki chinotevera, nhanho hafu (kana sekondi diki), zvakakosha kuishandisa kuitira kugadzira mimhanzi yakaoma kunzwisisa uye nziyo. Zvakakoshawo kuti vaimbi vakwanise kuziva uye kutoimba nguva iyi kuitira kuti vakwanise kufamba pakati pemakodhi nezvikero nekukurumidza uye nemazvo. Zvinyorwa zvaro zvinoitika panguva imwe chete, saka kana ukanzwa manotsi maviri pamativi akasiyana izvi zvinogona kunzi “chinguva"Kana kuti"kumirira".
Nguva dzepakati dzinowanzotsanangurwa zvichienderana nehukama hwako hunoenderana pakati pemanotsi maviri ane hukama nemimhanzi; zvichireva kuti kana uchitsanangura nguva yemimhanzi yakaita sedanho rese unotora uchifunga kana manotsi ese arikunzwika pamwechete kana kupatsanurwa. Semuyenzaniso kana uchiridza noti imwe chete ichiteverwa neimwe noti yakapatsanurwa nenguva inomiririra nhanho izere saka izvi zvinozoonekwa se kukwira (Kuwedzera) Yese Nhanho Interval; uko kutamba manotsi maviri panguva imwe chete uye kuwedzera nguva dzawo nedanho rimwechete rakazara kubva paPitch yavo yekutanga kwaizorongerwa se kukwira (Multiplicative) Yese Nhanho Interval (kureva 5 - 7th). Saizvozvowo vose Kuburuka Yese Nhanho Intervals yaizozvibata zvakafanana asi nehukama hwemashure kubva kune vese Vanokwira, kubvisa Imwe Yese Yese Danho pane Kuwedzera Imwe Yakazara.
Mashandisirwo Anoitwa Mumhanzi
Mudzidziso yemimhanzi, a danho rose (inzwi rose, kana sekondi huru) inguva umo mune maviri semitones (frets pagitare) pakati pemanotsi. Semuenzaniso, kana uchiridza gitare frets patambo mbiri dzakatevedzana ingatorwa sedanho rese. Izvi zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwa kune makiyi maviri madema papiyano - aya anoonekwawo sedanho rose.
Matanho ese anoshandiswa munzira dzakawanda dzakasiyana mumhanzi theory uye kuumbwa. Harmony inogona kuwanikwa nekushandisa nguva dzemhando dzakasiyana, kusanganisira hafu nhanho uye nhanho dzose. Uyezve, nziyo dzinogona kugadzirwa pachishandiswa masaizi akasiyana enguva - senge kusvetuka kwechinomwe muJazz uye Classical Music kana madiki madiki ePop/Retro masitayipi.
Semuyenzaniso, kana mumwe aigadzira rwiyo ruchishandisa mapindiro kubva hafu-nhanho kusvika kune yechinomwe; izvi zvinogona kugadzira mutinhimira unofadza nenziyo dzinosanganisira shanduko dzenguva pfupi uye dzenguva refu. Uyezve, chords kazhinji inotsamira zvakanyanya pakutaura kwavo kunyanya kushandiswa kwekuiswa kwe chechitatu (chikuru kana chidiki), chechishanu nechinomwe yakavakwa kubva nhanho dzose kana hafu-nhanho kuitira kuti ugadzire zvinokatyamadza zvinosanganiswa zveharmonic melodic maficha akadai pedal tones kana suspended chords inogona kuongororwa nekudzikamisa kushandiswa chete hafu-nhanho nguva pakati pezvinyorwa nguva dzose; kugadzira kuwedzeredzwa kwekukakavadzana pasi pemutinhimira pasina kutsaukira kure kure nevavariro yekupedzisira yekunzwanana mukati mezvikamu izvo chaizvo.
Nekunzwisisa kuti zviri nyore sei kufamba uchitenderedza keyboard zviridzwa uchishandisa chete hafu-nhanho uye yakazara-nhanho kufamba nekushandisa nzira dzekudzidzisa dzakadai se zvidiki zvinofamba - kuverenga frets kumusoro / pasi imwe panguva uchitamba, zvinova nyore kuti vadzidzi vatange kuumba zvidimbu zvakapfava zvinoomerera kumisimboti yakasimbiswa kwemazana emakore kuzere kunzwisisa kuti sei. hafu-nhanho/matanho ose batanidza nezvikero / mapindiro chaiwo kana vadzidzi vaziva aya ekutanga pfungwa kugona kwavo kuongorora marudzi akasiyana emhando kunowedzera zvakanyanya!
Mienzaniso Yematanho Akazara Mumimhanzi
Danho rose, inozivikanwawo se "inzwi rose,” inguva yokuimba inoparadzana nehafu yenhanho. Matanho ose anowanzova chikamu chinooneka zvikuru chenziyo, sezvo achiratidzira chinjo mukunzwika kwerwiyo rwose. Nyaya ino ichakurukura mimwe mienzaniso ye nhanho dzese mumhanzi, kuitira kuti iwe ugone kunzwisisa zviri nani zvavari uye kuti vanoshandiswa sei mumhando dzakasiyana.
Mienzaniso muZvikero Zvikuru
Matanho ose inguva dzemimhanzi dzinobatanidza manotsi maviri akatevedzana, achifambira mberi nematoni maviri akazara. Paunenge uchiteerera mimhanzi, kazhinji unovaziva mukati maitiro makuru ezviyero. Chikero chikuru chinoumbwa nematanho masere akazara, kunze kwepakati pechinyorwa chechitatu nechina pamwe chete nepakati pechinomwe neresere - ipapo, uchawana. hafu nhanho. Matanho ese anowanzo shandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi semumhanzi wekare, jazz, uye rock uye roll.
Nzira iri nyore yekunzwisisa matanho akazara ndeyekuridza chikero chikuru papiyano kana gitare - kutanga nechero noti paC Major scale pattern. Semuyenzaniso:
- chinyorwa chekutanga C (nhanho yose kuenda kuD)
- D (nhanho yose kuenda kuE)
- E (nhanho yose kuenda kuF)
- F (hafu nhanho kuenda kuG)
- G(nhanho yese kuenda kuA)
- A(stepto yose B)
- B(hafu kuenda kuC).
Kuumbwa kwabuda kunozivikanwa se kukwira chiyero chikuru -kuvavarira toni dzepamusoro mu8 anoteedzana manotsi. Pfungwa imwechete inogona kushandiswa uchishandisa masiginecha akakosha akadai zvikero zviduku - ingo rangarira kuti chechipiri chechipiri chinofanirwa kufambira mberi chichikwira ne toni imwe yakazara aka imwe danho rose!
Mienzaniso muZvikero Zvidiki
Mumimhanzi, a danho rose (inozivikanwawo se chechipiri chikuru) inotsanangurwa senguva yematoni maviri akatevedzana. Iyi nguva ndeye base level yekuvaka yemhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi, kusanganisira zvikero zvidiki. Manotsi ari pachiyero chidiki anobatana kuita nhanho yese kana chinyoro chimwe chichikwira kumusoro kwematoni maviri pachikero panzvimbo peimwe.
Kutevedzana kwematanho akazara nehafu nhanho mune chero rudzi rwechikero chidiki chinoburitsa ruzha rwayo rwakasiyana, asi zviyero zvese zvinowanzo shandiswa zvinosanganisira nhanho mbiri dzakakwana uye nhanho mbiri mukati mazvo. Kuratidza pfungwa iyi zvakajeka, heino mimwe mienzaniso yezvikero zvidiki zvakajairika zvinoratidza kuti nguva yacho inooneka sei mumhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi:
- Natural Diki Scale: ABCDEFGA – Muchiitiko ichi, pane mbiri mbiri dzenhanho dzese dzakateedzana pamusoro peA dzinoumba diki diki chiyero; kutevera A kusvika B uye D kusvika E.
- Harmonic Diki Scale: ABCDEFG#A - Iyo harmonic diki chiyero inoratidzira matanho matatu akateedzana akazara muchikamu chimwe; kuvhara F kusvika G # zvakananga usati wasvika yekupedzisira A toni.
- Melodic Diki Scale: AB-(C)-D-(E)-F-(G)-A - Rudzi rwechikero chidiki chinongosanganisira maviri akakwana ematanho akazara pakati pekutanga nemagumo; kufambira mberi kubva paB kuenda kuC asati aenda kuna E uye ipapo G asati apedzisa nekanyoro kayo “kumba” pana A. Uyezve, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kana zvichiitwa zvichienda kumusoro, ose matani C naE anokwira kumusoro neimwe chete. hafu nhanho pachinzvimbo chezwi rakazara rezvinangwa zvekuimba panzvimbo.
mhedziso
Mukupedzisa, kunzwisisa nhanho dzose (kana toni dzese) chikamu chakakosha chekugona dzidziso yemimhanzi. Matanho ese anokubatsira iwe kugadzira yakakura melodic intervals uye inogona kukubatsira iwe kuvaka yakanyanya kuomarara chord kufambira mberi. Kuziva zvakakosha zvematanho akazara kunogona kukubatsira kunyora zvinobudirira, kuridza, uye kuronga mimhanzi.
Pfupiso Yenhanho Yese muMumhanzi
Danho rose, inozivikanwawo se chechipiri chikuru, ndiyo imwe yenguva dzinokosha dzemimhanzi dzaunogona kudzidza. Mumhanzi wekuMadokero, nguva iyi inozivikanwa sesemitone uye inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira mimhanzi uye kuwirirana. Nhanho yese inogona kutsanangurwa sechinhambwe pakati pemanotsi maviri papiyano keyboard ari maviri nhanho akaparadzana. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana iwe ukaisa chigunwe chako pakati C wobva waisimudza kumusoro mamwe makiyi maviri matema mupitch, inotorwa senhanho yese.
Kukosha kwedanho rese kuri mukukwanisa kwayo kugadzira kufamba kweharmonic pakati pemakiyi akasiyana kana chords. Iyi nguva ine hupfumi hwetonal hunhu uye inoburitsa mimhanzi yakasimba kana ikashandiswa nemazvo. Kana yasanganiswa nedzimwe nguva dzakaita se hafu-nhanho uye chetatu, vaimbi vanogona kugadzira motifs kana kunyange nziyo dzese vachishandisa misanganiswa yakaoma yezvikero uye chords.
Matanho akazara akakoshawo pakunzwisisa kuti sei kuchinja inoshanda mumhanzi dzidziso - iyo pfungwa yekuti chero yakapihwa kanoti kana chord mune chero kiyi siginicha inogona kutamiswa imwe nhanho yakazara kumusoro kana kudzika pasina kushandura iyo yakakosha mhando kana ruzha. Kunzwisisa nzira yekuziva iyi nguva haingobatsire iwe kuti unzwisise dzidziso yemimhanzi zviri nani asi inoita kuti zvive nyore kwauri kana zvasvika pakuridza nekunyora mimhanzi.
Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weNeaera uye mushambadzi wemukati, baba, uye ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva ine gitare pamoyo pechido changu, uye pamwe nechikwata changu, ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama zvinyorwa zveblog kubva 2020. kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nekurekodha nemagitare.
