Guitars zviridzwa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, nevatambi vanosanganisira nyanzvi uye hobbyists zvakafanana. Kunyange paine zvakawanda zvinoumba gitare, iyo soundboard ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pazviri. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora kuti chii chinonzi soundboard, mashandiro ainoita mumagitare, uye nei ichikosha kune ruzha rwese chiridzwa chako.
Iyo soundboard inozivikanwawo se top board or face board yegitare, uye inowanzogadzirwa kubva spruce kana misidhari. Iyo inogara pamusoro pemuviri wegitare uye inoita basa rakakosha mukukwidziridza tambo dzayo 'vibrations uye nekudzigadzira kuti dzigadzire ruzha rwemumhanzi. Mabhodhi anonzwika akagadzirwa kuti azungunuke pamwe chete neakakwidziridzwa bass manotsi kubva patambo dziri pazasi pawo, anonzwa ma frequency angave asingaonekwe kana zvisiri zveayo zviito. Yayo chaiyo acoustic properties inobvumira kuti igadzire yakasimba air resonance mumarejista akasiyana kuitira kuti zvose toni dzakakwirira uye zvinyorwa zvakaderera inogona kumiririrwa nemazvo.
Chii chinonzi sound board?
A soundboard kana kumusoro mwoyo we acoustic gitare, zvichibatsira kuburitsa ruzha rwakakwidziridzwa kana tambo dzichiridzwa. Ndiyo chikamu chechiridzwa chinobatsira kuburitsa ruzha rwatinonzwa kana tichiridza. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze iyo yeruzha board material kuitira kuti ikwidze ruzha rwakafanira. Ngatipindei mune izvo zviri bhodhi renzwi uye nei yakakosha mumagitare acoustic.
Mhando dzemapuranga anonzwika
The sound board chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinoumba gitare uye anoridza basa rinokosha zvikuru mukugadzirwa kwayo kwenzwi. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemabhodhi eruzha dzinogona kukanganisa kunaka uye hunhu hwenzwi regitare, saka zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti rudzii rwebhodhi regitare rako.
Kazhinji kutaura, rakasimba Huni, laminated huni, kana chakaita zvokugadzirwa zvinhu inogona kushandiswa sebhodhi rekurira. Danda rakasimba inowanzo shandiswa mumagitare acoustic kugadzira hupfumi uye resonant toni nekuwedzera kwekusimudzira; rudzi urwu rwezvinhu runowanzo kuwanikwa mumhando dzepamusoro-soro semagitare acoustic anofanirwa kugara achibatanidza masimbi akasimba kana akavakirwa kubva pamatanda akasimba.
Laminated huni inonyanya kushandiswa kumagitare emagetsi nemabhesi nekuti inopa humwe hunoenderana mhando mukati mekuvaka kwayo. Inopa chiyero chirinani pakati pe resonance uye simba nekubatanidza akasiyana akaturikidzana emhando dzakasiyana dzehuni.
Synthetic zvinhu zvakaita se carbon fiber composites idzo zvakare dzakakurumbira dzimwe nzira dzechinyakare dzemapuranga ruzha mabhodhi mune ese emagetsi uye acoustic zviridzwa. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa kugadzikana kwakawedzera zvichienzaniswa nematanda echinyakare akasimba kana akachekwa, ayo anobvumira kureruka uremu zviridzwa zvine inosimudzira resonance mhinduro inoshandura zvirinani kuita yakazara yakazara ma frequency kubuda kana yakakwidziridzwa kuburikidza nemidziyo yekukudza.
Zvakanakira mapuranga anonzwika
Mabhodhi eruzha pagitare anogona kupa mabhenefiti akati wandei kumuimbi. Imwe bhenefiti ndeyekuti bhodhi reruzha rinokurisa uye rinogadzira ruzha kubva patambo uye pickups. Izvi zvinowedzera ruzha rwese uku uchipa hourglass-yakaita vhoriyamu kutonga. Sezvaunorereka kana"bhenda” zambuko regitare rako, unoendesa nhanho dzakasiyana dzemanzwi uye kusimba kune mamwe manotsi kana chords - chimwe chinhu chausingagone kuita pasina ruzha.
Pamusoro pezvo, mabhodhi eruzha anopa vhoriyamu uye tonal gadziriso yekugonesa iyo inogonesa iwe kugadzirisa yako yekutamba chiitiko zvinoenderana nerudzi, chimiro chemimhanzi, uye zvaunoda iwe pachako. Kunyangwe chinangwa chako chiri acoustic articulation kana kuwedzera-muviri mhedzisiro, kuyedza nemabhodhi ekurira kunokubatsira kuwana izvo zvinoshanda zvakanyanya kune zvaunoda.
Pakupedzisira, magitare mazhinji anokoshesa kukosha kwayo kwekunaka; sepani remapuranga rinooneka pamusoro pemuviri wechiridzwa, rinowedzera kugwinya uye kudzika kune dhizaini yechiridzwa-senge makwidziro anoita kamuri imba. Nepo vatambi vane ruzivo rwakawanda vangasazvicherekedza maererano nekutamba kana toni, inogona kuramba ichiita kutaridzika kutaridzika kwemitambo yesiteji uye studio yekurekodha zvikamu.
F-Makomba
Round, oval, kana F-makomba zvinoonekwa pazviridzwa zvakawanda zvakadzurwa, zvakadai semagitare nemandolin. F-maburi anowanzo muzviridzwa zvemhuri zveviolin asi zvakare anogona kuwanikwa pane mamwe magitare. Lutes inowanzova nemaruva akajeka. Inzwi bhodhi, zvichienderana nechiridzwa, inonziwo pamusoro, ndiro, kana dumbu. Mupiyano huru, bhodhi rekurira ndiro hombe yakachinjika pazasi pekesi. Mupiyano yakatwasuka, bhodhi renzwi ndiro hombe yakamira kumashure kwechiridzwa. Mudimbwa une bhodhi renzwi pasi petambo. Kunyanya kazhinji, chero nzvimbo yakaoma inogona kuita sebhodhi rekurira. Muenzaniso ndewokuti forogo yetuning inorohwa yoiswa pamusoro petafura kuti ikwidze ruzha rwayo.
Mhedzisiro yemapuranga anonzwika pamagitare
Inzwi bhodhi ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvegitare reacoustic, sezvo ichishanda kukwidziridza ruzha rwunogadzirwa nechiridzwa. Icho chikamu chikuru chegitare chinodedera sezvainokudza ruzha rwunogadzirwa netambo. Gitare rekurira bhodhi rinoitawo basa rakakosha mu inzwi uye kutamba zvechiridzwa.
Muchikamu chino, tichatarisa marudzi akasiyana-siyana emapuranga ezwi uye mhedzisiro yavanoita pane toni uye kutamba zvemagitare:
izwi
The soundboard yeacoustic gitare ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kana zvasvika kune toni yayo. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti bhodhi reinzwi rinokudza kutenheka kwetambo nekudziendesa kunzvimbo yakakura. Akasiyana acoustic magitare anogona kunge aine akasiyana mabhodhi anogadzirwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzehuni izvo zvinokanganisa toni.
Mabhodhi anonzwika anouya mune akati wandei maumbirwo uye saizi, asi kazhinji anowira mumapoka maviri: pamhama or arched. Musiyano mukuru pakati pavo ndewekuti a flat soundboard ine nzvimbo shoma yemhepo pakati payo nemuviri kugadzira punchier, bass-heavy tone; nepo an arched soundboard inoshandisa iyi nzvimbo yemhepo kugadzira fungidziro ine inopenya, yakazara inonzwika toni.
Huni dzespruce dzinowanzo shandiswa kugadzira acoustic gitare mabhodhi sezvo yave ichishandiswa kwemakore mazhinji uye inozivikanwa nekugadzira yakazara muviri toni dzinogara pachikuva. Huni dzemisidhari pamabhodhi ezvinonzwika dzinowanzo buritsa matoni anodziya asina kutaurwa zvishoma anoteedzera manotsi, nepo mahogany achigadzira tonal mavara nekudzika uye kujeka. The chimiro uye kusanganiswa kwezvinhu inoshandiswa pakugadzira bhodhi regitare rinokanganisawo siginecha yayo inobvumira vatambi kuti vasarudze chiridzwa chimwe pamusoro pechimwe nekuda kwekuda kwavo mutoni.
resonance
Imwe yeanonyanya kukosha mhedzisiro yeinzwi bhodhi mugitare kugadzira resonance. Mabhodhi anonzwika akagadzirwa kuti aite zvekuzunguzika kana arohwa kana kudzurwa, zvichiita kuti ruzha rwechiridzwa rwubude zvakanyanya kupfuura kana rwakagadzirwa zvachose nechinhu chakasimba.
Nekuisa zvine hunyanzvi kufamba ndakaisa simbi mumakumbo uye kugadzira imwe dhizaini, luthiers (avo vanovaka zviridzwa zvine tambo) vanokwanisa kushandura purani yavo kuita acoustically optimized chimiro icho inokudza masaisai eruzha anogadzirwa netambo. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti kurira kwegitare kwakawanda kunzwike, kazhinji kuchibvumira kuti inzwike pamusoro pezvimwe zviridzwa mumusangano wekuungana. Iko kushandiswa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzehuni kunogonawo kubatsira zvakanyanya pakuwedzera acoustic resonance uye fungidziro nekuda kwehunhu hwavo hwechisikigo.
Mabhureki anogonawo kunyatsoumbwa uye kuiswa panzvimbo mukati memuviri for maximum resonance.
Dynamics
Inzwi bhodhi yegitare ndicho chikamu chinorira uye chinoburitsa mhinduro yakanyorovera yekusimbisa ruzha rwemhando. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti kune akasiyana marudzi ematanda anoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemagitare. Imwe neimwe yakasiyana ine yayo yakasarudzika hunhu iyo inogona kuwedzera kana kudzikisa masimba eiyo soundboard.
Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa zvinotarisa kuti inonyatso ratidza sei kuzununguka kunotorwa netambo, uye nekudaro kurira, kujeka uye simba kwazvinogona kuita. Vatambi vazhinji vane ruzivo vanotora nguva yekusarudza yavo soundboard yayo maumbirwo, simba uye kudziya.
Pane zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha pakutanga dynamics iyi kureva, density uye ukobvu zvezvinhu zvazvinogadzirwa kubva. Chinhu chakatetepa chaizoburitsa toni dzinodziya nepo zvinhu zvitete zvichiratidza kusareruka asi zvakaenzana zvine ruzha nekurwisa kwakapinza kwese. Misidhari ine basa rakakosha pano nekuti resonance yayo inowanzopa kunhonga kudziya kwechisikigo nepo mabhesi manzwi ane simba rakawanda kupfuura zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sespruce kana mahogany nekuda kwekuoma kwayo zviyo.
Chimwe chinhu chinofanirwa kutariswa chimiro chemuviri senge kutwasanuka kwezviyo, zera uye tembiricha kana uchitenga yako wega bhodhi rekurira sezvo izvi zvikamu zvinotamba basa rakakosha kana uchitarisa kune kuvandudza simba remhinduro yemhando yekubuda kwegitare rako. Mabhodhi emhando yepamusoro anopa kuchinjika kukuru maererano neakasiyana masitaera emimhanzi anosanganisira jazz, dombo kana zvigunwe zvekuridza zvigunwe zvinokutendera iwe kudzora vibrato kana vhoriyamu zvisina musono nepo tonal kujeka kunoramba kwakatsetseka kunyangwe pamavhoriyamu epamusoro achikuisa parutivi kubva kune vamwe vatambi nekuda kweakajairwa mazinga ekudzokorodza. Mabhodhi emhando yepamusoro anonatsiridza chero gitare achivaita akakodzera mari yevatambi vane ruzivo zvakafanana!
mhedziso
The sound board yegitare ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha kuti uwane yakanakisa ruzha rwemhando. Iyo soundboard, inozivikanwawo seyo pamusoro, inobatsira kuti inzwi riite kuti rive rakazara, rakapfuma. Zvichienderana nezvakagadzirwa uye magadzirirwo, bhodhi rekurira rinogona kuchinja zvakanyanya toni dzinodziya kana kupenya yegitare.
Kunyangwe kusarudza gitare isarudzo yemunhu yakavakirwa pane zvaunofarira uye ruzha rwaunoda, kunzwisisa izvo zvinopinda mukuita iwo ruzha ruzivo rwakakosha kune chero gitare. Ndinovimba gwara iri rakubatsira kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvekukosha kwebhodhi rekurira mukugadzira toni huru!
Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weNeaera uye mushambadzi wemukati, baba, uye ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva ine gitare pamoyo pechido changu, uye pamwe nechikwata changu, ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama zvinyorwa zveblog kubva 2020. kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nekurekodha nemagitare.
