Orville Gibson (1856-1918) aive a luthier, muunganidzi uye mugadziri wezviridzwa zvemimhanzi zvakava hwaro hweinozivikanwa nhasi se Gibson Iyo kambani Guitar Corporation.
Mumwe wekuChateaugay, New York, Orville akatanga basa rake nekuyedza nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzira tambo yesimbi. magitare nounhu hwakavandudzwa hwenzwi.
Nekubudirira kwake kwekutanga muruoko, akabva atanga kambani yekuzvigadzira. Zviridzwa zveOrville - zvinosanganisira mandolins - zvakakurumidza kuve zvakakurumbira pakati pevatambi, kunyanya vaimbi venyika uye bluegrass.
Aive zvakare muvambi mukugadzira uye mafomu sezvo aipa patents akati wandei anosanganisira ake X-bracing maitiro ayo anoramba ari chiyero mukuvakwa kwegitare kwanhasi.
Kufurira kwaGibson panyika yemimhanzi kunoenderera mberi nanhasi; zvigadzirwa zvekambani yake zvichiri kukosheswa nevakawanda. Magitare ake akashandiswa nemamwe mazita makuru mumimhanzi mumakore ese anosanganisira Eric Clapton, Pete Townshend naJimmy Peji (kungotaura vashoma). Kuwedzera kune ruzha rwavo rwemhando yepamusoro, ivo vanozivikanwa nekuda kwezvimiro zvavo zvinoyevedza izvo zvave zviratidzo zvedombo & roll tsika nekufamba kwemakore. The American Dream nyaya kuseri kwaGibson ikurudziro kune vakawanda vanoda luthier pasi rose sezvo kuda kwake uye kuzvipira kwake kuhunyanzvi hucharamba huri mucherechedzo wekunaka munhoroondo yemimhanzi zvachose.
Hupenyu hwepakutanga uye Dzidzo
Orville Gibson akaberekwa muna 1856 muChateaugay, New York. Akarerwa naamai vake naambuya, avo vainyanya kuimba. Sejaya, Orville akapesvedzerwa nemabasa emutambi weviolin Nicolo Paganini uye akatanga kufarira kugadzira zviridzwa. Achiri mumakore ake okuyaruka, Orville akatanga kugadzira mandolin nemagitare muchitoro chehuni chaaishanda. Magadzirirwo ake epakutanga akanga akagadzirwa zvakanaka uye akatanhamara kana achienzaniswa nezvimwe zviridzwa zvepanguva iyoyo.
Makore ekutanga aOrville
Orville H. Gibson akaberekwa musi waNyamavhuvhu 24, 1856 muChateaugay, New York. Achiri muduku zvikuru, akaratidza unyanzvi hunoshamisa pakugadzira matanda uye kugadzira zviridzwa. Akadzidza kuridza zviridzwa zvakati kuti achiri kuyaruka, kusanganisira violin nebanjo. Zvisinei, chido chake chechokwadi chaiva mukugadzira zviridzwa zvine tambo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaitwa nounyanzvi hunoshamisa.
Pazera 19, Orville akatamira kuKalamazoo, Michigan ndokuvhura chitoro chake chekugadzirisa nekugadzira zviridzwa. Chitoro chakabudirira zvikuru; vatengi vaibva mamaira kumativi ose kuzotsvaka masevhisi aOrville uye kutenga zvaakasika. Akatangawo kugadzira marimba akakwezva vaimbi vane hunyanzvi mudunhu rese. Vazhinji varidzi vezvitoro zvemimhanzi vaitengesa mimhanzi iyi vakafarira kubatana naye kuitira kuti vawedzere kutengesa zviridzwa zveOrville ivo vaine kodzero yekuzviparadzira. Mushure memakore mazhinji emabasa ebhizinesi akabudirira, Orville akafunga kuvhara chitoro chake chidiki muna 1897 kuti atarise kuwedzera bhizinesi rake rekugadzira zviridzwa nevadyidzani ava muindasitiri yezvitoro.
Dzidzo yaOrville
Orville Gibson akaberekwa 22 Zvita, 1856 muChateaugay, New York kuna Elza naCicero. Aive wechinomwe pavana gumi. Apedza chikoro chepuraimari pazera remakore 10, Orville akaenda kune imwe koreji yebhizimisi muWatertown kuti awedzere dzidzo yake yokutanga nounyanzvi hwaaizoda kuti ashande. Munguva iyi, akatorawo mabasa akati wandei nemafekitori emuno uye vanosona senzira yekuwana mari.
Pamakore gumi nemasere, Orville akawedzera kufarira mimhanzi nekuda kwezvimwe zvidzidzo zvekuzvidzidzisa mu harmonica achiri mudiki. Akakurumidza kuona kuti kuridza zviridzwa kwaizova nzira huru yekuwedzera mari yake uye nokudaro akatanga kudzidza kuridza gitare nemandolin achishandisa mabhuku ekuraira aakanga anyanya kuodha kubva kuChicago. Makirasi ake aisanganisira kosi dzokutunha nezviridzwa zvine tambo; soldering; kugadzira zviyero; fretwork; nzira dzekuchenesa dzakanaka; kuvakwa kwezviridzwa zvemimhanzi zvakadai semagitare uye mandolin; dzidziso yemimhanzi; orchestral kuverenga-zvibodzwa; manual dexterity maekisesaizi ekushandisa mawoko ekumhanya kukuru patambo; gitare nhoroondo pamwe akati wandei mamwe ane hukama misoro. Kunyangwe hazvo dzidziso kana dzidziso yechikoro yakanga isingawanikwe kwaari munzvimbo dzemunharaunda panguva iyoyo, Orville akatevera zivo iyi nekunyura mune zvakasiyana siyana zvepamhepo zviwanikwa zvaivepo zvakaita semaencyclopedias, mabhuku echidzidzo chekuvaka chiridzwa chemimhanzi pamwe nemagazini akatarisana nezviridzwa zvine tambo pakati pezvimwe. zvinhu. Izvi zvakabatsira kuwedzera kunzwisisa kwake zvichimusundidzira kune hukuru uye pakupedzisira kugadzira izvo nhasi zvinozivikanwa zviri nyore nevose nhasi chero kupi zvako mumaminitsi mashoma - The Gibson Guitar Company iyo yakashandura mimhanzi zvachose.
basa rekuita
Orville Gibson anozivikanwa zvakanyanya seluthier uye muvambi wekambani yemagitare, Gibson Guitar Corporation. Akanga ari nyanzvi mukugadzira magitare akachinja magadzirirwo aiitwa magitare. Akanga ane simba guru pakuvandudzwa kwemagitare emagetsi emazuva ano. Ngatitarisei basa raOrville Gibson mune zvakadzama.
Orville's Early Career
Orville Gibson akaberekwa muna 1856 muChateaugay, New York. Akadzidza kugadzira huni kubva kuna baba vake nevakoma vake, uye nokukurumidza akatanga kugadzira zviridzwa kubva muchitoro chehuni chemhuri. Nekuda kwemimhanzi uye zviridzwa zveEurope zvinodhura zvisingawanikwe kune vazhinji vekuAmerica panguva iyoyo, Orville akatanga kugadzira zviridzwa zvisingadhure zvine dhizaini yakagadziridzwa yezvitoro zvemimhanzi.
Muna 1902, Orville akatanga Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg. Co., Ltd kuti igadzire mandolins, banjo uye zvimwe zviridzwa zvine tambo. Muna 1925, vakatenga chirimwa muKalamazoo, Michigan icho chaizova muzinda wavo wekugara zvachose. Orville akavaka timu inokatyamadza yevane ruzivo rwekugadzira chiridzwa chakagadzirirwa kutenderedza chiono chake chefekitori inogona kuburitsa zviridzwa zvemhando yemhando dzese.
Kambani iyi yakatanga mhando yezvigadzirwa zvakabudirira mumakore apfuura zvinosanganisira magitare archtop, magitare eflattop uye mandolins akaitwa mukurumbira nevaimbi vane mukurumbira vakaita saBill Monroe naChet Atkins avo vakasvika pakuvimba nemhando yavo yekurira. Pakazosvika makore ekuma1950 Gibson akange ave imwe yemhando dzegitare dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa pasi rose nevairidza magitare vakaita saLes Paul vachikurudzira mauto evatambi vatsva vegitare kuburikidza nerock 'n roll hits inokurudzirwa neGibsons mavambo & hunyanzvi.
Orville's Invention yeArchtop Guitar
Orville Gibson ndiye musiki wemagitare ekutanga archtop, ayo akabudiswa muna 1902. Akanga ari mutsigiri mukuru munyika yekugadzira gitare nekugadzira kwake siginicha. Magitare ake aive akasiyana zvakanyanya nemhando ipi neipi yegitare pamberi pavo uye aine maficha aive asati amboonekwa.
Musiyano mukuru pakati pemagitare eGibson nemamwe magitare panguva iyoyo waive wekuti vairatidzira misoro yakavezwa mufashoni yakakombama kana yakakombama, zvichikonzera gitare rine kusimudzira zvirinani uye fungidziro yakavandudzwa. Pfungwa yaOrville Gibson yaive pamberi penguva yayo uye yakashandura dhizaini yemagitare acoustic zvachose.
Iyo archtop gitare ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya nhasi, ine shanduko nekufamba kwenguva kuti ienderane nezvido zvevatambi, senge single cutaways yekuwana yakakwirira frets kana mapikicha anowedzerwa kune yakawedzera ruzha. Yakave imwe yesarudzo dzinonyanya kufarirwa pakati pevatambi vejazz yemagetsi pamwe nevatambi vevanhu kana blues slide zvakafanana nekuda kweiyo jazzy inopindura toni uye kudzika kwayo kwakadzika. Kushandiswa kweiyo arched kumusoro kunoburitsa "boominess" yakasarudzika kana ichiridzwa zvine ruzha inopindirana nemhando dzese dzemimhanzi kubva kunyika kuenda kune rock 'n' roll uye zvese zviri pakati!
Nhaka
Orville Gibson aive muvambi akapayona kuvandudzwa kweiyo flat-top gitare. Nhaka yake kumuimbi wemazuva ano uye indasitiri yemimhanzi yakakura. Kunyange zvazvo aibva kumunhu akaderera, Orville akanga ari mugadzirisi wekutanga wemichina mitsva uye zvinhu, uye akazvishandisa kugadzira zviridzwa zvakashandura nyika yemimhanzi. Ngatitarisei zvakare kune nhaka yaOrville Gibson.
Impact paMumhanzi
Orville Gibson anozivikanwa zvakanyanya sepiyona uye muvambi muindasitiri yegitare. Aive mumwe wevakatanga kugadzira magitare acoustic, achitsigira chimiro nehunyanzvi pamusoro perunako. Zvisikwa zvake zvaizivikanwa nekuda kweresonance uye vhoriyamu zvichienzaniswa nezviridzwa zvechinyakare zvezana ramakore rechi 19.
Nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwake, zviridzwa zvaGibson zvaidiwa zvakanyanya muEurope yese, kunyanya muEngland. Magitare ake akakurumidza kuve anodiwa pakati pevatambi vekirasi nekuda kwekunzwika kwavo kwakasiyana uye dhizaini. Kuti asangane nekukura uku kuri kuda, Gibson akavhura chitoro chake chemimhanzi chinonzi "The Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg Co.," iyo yakanangana nekugadzira zviridzwa zvemhando yepamusoro kupfuura vakwikwidzi vayo.
Mupiro mukuru waGibson wakanga uri kuunza pfungwa itsva yekuvandudza magadzirirwo aripo nemutengo wakaderera pasina kupa tonal quality kana ruzha. Maitiro akadaro aisanganisira zvigunwe zvakasimudzwa uye akakwidziridzwa maitiro ekuvaka, pamwe neakagadziridzwa maitiro ekugadzirisa ayo aibvumira kuwedzera kwemhepo mukati memuviri wegitare kuitira kuti ibudise matani akajeka anogona kukwikwidza nezviridzwa zvine tambo senge violin kana cellos panguva iyoyo.
Basa raGibson rakashandura magadzirirwo ari kuitwa magitare eacoustic nhasi, zvichiita kuti anenge ese emazuvano magitare ave neruzivo rwakafanana rwekuvaka kana dhizaini kubva paakatanga kupayona makore 100 apfuura. Kubata kwake kuchiri kunzwika nhasi nevaimbi vane mukurumbira vakaita saBob Dylan vachiridza pane imwe yeake maGibsons kubva 1958 - Iyo J-45 Sunburst modhi - iyo yaakatenga nemadhora mazana maviri paGerde's Folk City rekodhi chitoro chiri muNew York City muna 200.
Mhedzisiro paIndasitiri yeGitare
Nhaka yaOrville inoonekwa mukati meindasitiri yemazuva ano gitare. Magadzirirwo ake matsva, anosanganisira archtop uye akavezwa-yepamusoro magitare, akaisa mwero mutsva wekuridza gitare uye akabatsira zvechokwadi kutsanangura iyo yemazuva ano gitare remagetsi. Kushandisa kwake kwekutanga kwematoni, seMaple yemitsipa, kwakabatsira kupesvedzera kuuraya kwevagadziri vegitare vakamutevera.
Magadzirirwo aOrville Gibson haana kungoumba magitare emazuva ano anoona aesthetics asi muzviitiko zvakawanda akachinja gameplay zvachose. Akabatsira kugadzira dhizaini yanhasi "yeAmerica" nekubatanidza zvinhu zvakasiyana kubva Magitare echiSpanish ane yake iconic arched yepamusoro aesthetic. Akashandurawo tekinoroji yekubatana kwemutsipa nekubatsira mainjiniya kushandisa chaiyo machining kumajoini akaomarara kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuita kwakapfava uye kuita zvirinani zvachose.
Mhedzisiro yakaitwa naOrville Gibson paindastiri inonzwika kunyangwe nhasi kuburikidza nevagadziri vakakura vakaita seGibson Guitars uye vamwe vagadziri veboutique vanotarisisa kugadzira zviridzwa zvechimwechete-zvinogadzirwa nemaoko aine siginicha yake dhizaini mupfungwa. Vaimbi vasingaverengeki vakatora magitare eOrville kuti vagadzire ruzha rwavo rwakasiyana; Hazvishamisi kuti sei achiramba ari kurudziro kune avo vane shungu dzekuve vaimbi vakagwinya kana kunzwa vaine chekuita netsika yekare yekugadzira magitare nekuvimbika uye hunhu.
mhedziso
Orville Gibson aive munhu ane simba guru munyika yemimhanzi. Kuda kwake uye kuzvipira mukugadzira magitare kwakavhura nguva nyowani yekugadzira chiridzwa, zvichitungamira pakusikwa kwegitare remagetsi remazuva ano. Kunyange zvazvo mipiro yake ingave isina kuoneka nokukurumidza, akaita rutivi rukuru mukugadza nhanho nokuda kwavamwe vavaimbi vengano vanhasi, vakadai saLes Paul navamwe. Pesvedzero yaOrville Gibson inowedzera kusafa kuburikidza nemagadzirirwo ake ekutanga ayo achiri kuonekwa pazviridzwa zvakagadzirwa nevazhinji vanozivikanwa vanogadzira nhasi. Hazvina mhosva kuti vanhu vanomuona sei kana nhaka yake, Orville Gibson acharamba achiyeukwa semumwe wevakuru vemimhanzi munhoroondo.
Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weNeaera uye mushambadzi wemukati, baba, uye ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva ine gitare pamoyo pechido changu, uye pamwe nechikwata changu, ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama zvinyorwa zveblog kubva 2020. kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nekurekodha nemagitare.
