Guitara ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zokhala ndi osewera kuphatikiza akatswiri komanso okonda zosangalatsa. Ngakhale pali zigawo zambiri zomwe zimapanga gitala, ndi zokuzira mawu ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za izo. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona kuti bolodi la mawu ndi chiyani, momwe limagwirira ntchito pamagitala, komanso chifukwa chake liri lofunikira pakumveka kwa chida chanu chonse.
The soundboard imadziwikanso kuti bolodi pamwamba or nkhope board wa gitala, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera spruce kapena mkungudza. Imakhala pamwamba pa gitala ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kukulitsa kugwedezeka kwa zingwe zake ndikuwapanga kuti apange phokoso lanyimbo. Ma boardboard amapangidwa kuti azigwedezeka pamodzi ndi zolemba za bass zokulitsa kuchokera ku zingwe zomwe zili pansi pawo, ma frequency omveka omwe sangawonekere ngati sichochita. Zake makamaka mayimbidwe katundu kulola kuti kulenga wamphamvu mpweya resonance osiyana kaundula kuti onse ma toni apamwamba ndi zolemba zochepa akhoza kuimiridwa molondola.
Kodi bolodi lamawu ndi chiyani?
A zokuzira mawu kapena pamwamba ndi mtima wa gitala wamatsenga, zomwe zimathandiza kutulutsa mawu okweza pamene zingwe zikulimbidwa. Ndi mbali ya chida chomwe chimathandiza kutulutsa mawu omwe timamva tikamaimba. Ndikofunikira kusankha zida zomveka bwino za bolodi kuti zimveke bwino. Tiyeni tilowe mwatsatanetsatane za bolodi lamawu komanso chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri pamagitala omvera.
Mitundu ya matabwa amawu
The bolodi la mawu ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za gitala ndi kuimba ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kupanga kwake kwamawu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matabwa amawu imatha kukhudza khalidwe ndi khalidwe la kamvekedwe ka gitala, choncho ndikofunika kudziwa kuti gitala lanu lili ndi bolodi lotani.
Nthawi zambiri, olimba Nkhuni, matabwa laminatedkapena zopangira angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati phokoso bolodi. Matabwa olimba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magitala omvera kuti apange kamvekedwe kabwino komanso kamvekedwe kamvekedwe kamvekedwe kake; zinthu zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri popeza magitala omvera ayenera kuphatikiza zinthu zolimba zolimba zikamangidwa kuchokera kumitengo yolimba.
Mitengo ya laminated imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagitala amagetsi ndi mabasi chifukwa imapereka mawonekedwe osasinthika nthawi yonse yomanga. Zimapereka mgwirizano wabwinoko pakati pa resonance ndi mphamvu pophatikiza zigawo zosiyanasiyana zamitengo yosiyanasiyana.
Zipangizo zopangira monga kaboni fiber kompositi ndizodziwikanso m'malo mwa matabwa achikhalidwe a matabwa pazida zamagetsi ndi zoyimbira. Zidazi zimapereka kukhazikika kowonjezereka poyerekeza ndi matabwa achikhalidwe olimba kapena opangidwa ndi laminated, omwe amalola zida zolemetsa zokhala ndi kuyankha kokulirapo komwe kumatanthawuza bwino kutulutsa kwamafupipafupi komwe kumachulukitsidwa ndi zida zokulitsa.
Ubwino wa matabwa omveka
Ma board omveka pa gitala atha kupereka maubwino angapo kwa woimbayo. Ubwino wina ndi woti bolodi lamawu limakulitsa ndikutulutsa mawu kuchokera ku zingwe ndi ma pickups. Izi zimakulitsa kumveka kwa mawu onse kwinaku ndikuwongolera voliyumu yooneka ngati hourglass. Monga mukupendekera kapena "unakhota” mlatho wa gitala lanu, mumapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kamvekedwe ndi kulimba ku zolemba kapena nyimbo zina - zomwe simungathe kuchita popanda bolodi lamawu.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma board amawu amakupatsirani mphamvu zosinthira mamvekedwe ndi ma tonal zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti musinthe zomwe mukusewera malinga ndi mtundu, nyimbo, komanso zomwe mumakonda. Kaya cholinga chanu ndi kumveketsa mawu kapena kumveka bwino, kuyesa ma board omveka kudzakuthandizani kupeza zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino pazosowa zanu.
Pomaliza, oimba gitala ambiri amayamikira kukongola kwake; monga matabwa owoneka pamwamba pa thupi la chidacho, chimawonjezera kugwedezeka ndi kuya kwa kamangidwe kachipangizo - mofanana ndi momwe zojambulajambula zimakwezera chipinda. Ngakhale osewera odziwa zambiri sangazindikire pang'ono za kuseweredwa kapena kamvekedwe kake, imatha kupanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino pamasewero a siteji ndi magawo ojambulira situdiyo.
F-Mabowo
Chozungulira, chozungulira, kapena F-mabowo amawonekera pa zida zambiri zodulira, monga magitala ndi mandolin. F-holes nthawi zambiri pazida za banja la violin komanso amapezeka pamagitala ena. Lutes nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma rosette apamwamba. Bolodi lamawu, malinga ndi chidacho, limatchedwanso pamwamba, mbale, kapena mimba. Mu piyano yayikulu, bolodi lamawu ndi mbale yayikulu yopingasa pansi pake. Mu piyano yowongoka, bolodi la mawu ndi mbale yaikulu yoyimirira kumbuyo kwa chidacho. Zeze ali ndi bolodi la mawu pansi pa zingwe. Nthawi zambiri, malo aliwonse olimba amatha kukhala ngati bolodi lamawu. Chitsanzo ndi pamene foloko yokonza imamenyedwa ndikuyiyika pamwamba pa tebulo kuti imveketse mawu ake.
Kukhudza kwa board board pa magitala
Bolodi lamawu ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za gitala lamayimbidwe, momwe zimagwirira ntchito kuti zikulitse mawu opangidwa ndi chidacho. Ndilo gawo lalikulu la gitala lomwe limagwedezeka pamene likukulitsa phokoso lopangidwa ndi zingwe. Gulu loyimba la gitala limathandizanso kwambiri pamasewera kamvekedwe ndi kusewera cha chida.
M'nkhaniyi, tiona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matabwa amawu ndi amakhudza kamvekedwe ndi kasewedwe za gitala:
kamvekedwe
The zokuzira mawu gitala loyimba ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pankhani ya kamvekedwe kake. Izi zili choncho chifukwa bolodilo limakulitsa kugwedezeka kwa zingwezo pozipititsa kumtunda waukulu. Magitala osiyanasiyana amawu amatha kukhala ndi ma boardboard osiyanasiyana opangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitengo yomwe ingakhudze kamvekedwe kake.
Ma boardboards amabwera m'mawonekedwe ndi makulidwe angapo, koma nthawi zambiri amagwera m'magulu awiri: lathyathyathya or arched. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo ndikuti a flat soundboard ali ndi mpweya wochepa pakati pake ndi thupi kupanga punchier, bass-heavy tone; pomwe an arched soundboard imagwiritsa ntchito mlengalenga kuti ipangitse mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi mawu owala, omveka bwino.
Mitengo ya spruce imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma acoustic guitar soundboards monga yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri ndipo imadziwika kuti imapanga mawu athunthu omwe amakhala pa siteji. Mitengo ya mkungudza pamatabwa a phokoso imakonda kutulutsa mamvekedwe ofunda okhala ndi mawu osamveka bwino, pomwe mahogany amapanga mitundu ya tonal mozama komanso momveka bwino. The mawonekedwe ndi kuphatikiza kwa zipangizo Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bolodi loyimba la gitala zimakhudzanso siginecha yake ya sonic yomwe imalola osewera kusankha chida china kuposa china chifukwa chokonda kamvekedwe kawo.
Chisoni
Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri za bolodi lamawu mu gitala ndikulenga kumveka. Ma board omveka amapangidwa kuti azinjenjemera akamenyedwa kapena kuzulidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phokoso la chidacho liwonekere kwambiri kuposa ngati litapangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba.
Poyika mwanzeru braces ndi kupanga mapangidwe apadera, luthiers (omwe amapanga zida za zingwe) amatha kusintha mapulani awo kukhala opangidwa mwaluso kwambiri kumakulitsa mafunde a mawu opangidwa ndi zingwe. Izi zimathandiza kuti phokoso la gitala limveke, nthawi zambiri limalola kuti limveke pazida zina pamagulu ophatikizana. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matabwa kungathandizenso kwambiri kuonjezera phokoso la phokoso ndi kuwonetsera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo achilengedwe.
Zingwe zomangira zimathanso kupangidwa mwaluso komanso kuziyika mkati mwa thupi kwa resonance yayikulu.
Mphamvu
Bokosi la mawu gitala ndi gawo lomwe limamveka komanso limatulutsa kuyankha kosavuta kumveketsa kamvekedwe kabwino. Ndikofunikanso kuzindikira kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matabwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magitala. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi mawonekedwe akeake omwe amatha kukulitsa kapena kuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwa bolodi.
Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatsimikizira momwe zimawonetsera bwino kugwedezeka komwe kumatengedwa ndi zingwe, motero kumveka kokweza, momveka bwino komanso kwamphamvu. Osewera ambiri odziwa zambiri amatenga nthawi kuti asankhe boardboard yawo mawonekedwe, mphamvu ndi kutentha.
Pali zinthu ziwiri zofunika pakukhazikitsa mayendedwe awa: kachulukidwe ndi makulidwe za zinthu zomwe amapangidwa kuchokera. Zinthu zowundana zimatha kutulutsa ma toni otentha pomwe zinthu zowonda zimatha kukhala zopepuka komanso zomveka mofanana ndi kuukira konsekonse. Mkungudza umagwira ntchito yofunikira pano chifukwa kumveka kwake nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lotentha pamene phokoso la bass lili ndi mphamvu zambiri kuposa zipangizo zina monga spruce kapena mahogany chifukwa cha kulimba kwake kwambewu.
Mfundo ina yofunika kuiganizira ndi makhalidwe a thupi monga mbewu kuwongoka, zaka ndi kutentha mukamagula bolodi lanu la mawu chifukwa zidazi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mukamayang'ana kuwongolera kusinthika kwamamvekedwe a gitala lanu. Ma board apamwamba amapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu malinga ndi masitayilo osiyanasiyana a nyimbo kuphatikiza jazi, nyimbo za rock kapena zala zomwe zimakulolani kuwongolera vibrato kapena voliyumu mosasunthika pomwe kumveka kwa tonal kumakhalabe kosalala ngakhale pama voliyumu apamwamba kukuyikani pambali kwa osewera ena chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mamvekedwe. Ma boardboard omveka bwino amathandizira pawokha gitala lililonse kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera ndalama kwa osewera odziwa zambiri!
Kutsiliza
The bolodi la mawu gitala ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi mawu abwino kwambiri. The soundboard, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti pamwamba, imathandiza kuti phokosolo limveke bwino, limveke bwino. Kutengera ndi zinthu ndi kapangidwe kake, bolodi la mawu limatha kusintha kwambiri mawu ofunda kapena owala wa gitala.
Ngakhale kusankha gitala ndi chisankho chaumwini kutengera zomwe amakonda komanso mawu omwe mukufuna, kumvetsetsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phokosolo likhale lofunikira kwa woyimba aliyense. Tikukhulupirira kuti bukhuli lakuthandizani kuti mudziwe zambiri za kufunikira kwa bolodi lamawu popanga kamvekedwe kabwino!
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
