Zipangizo zamagetsi zolimba ndizomwe zimamangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zolimba zomwe ma elekitironi, kapena zonyamulira zina, zimatsekeredwa mkati mwa zinthu zolimba.
Mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kusiyanitsa ndi matekinoloje akale a vacuum ndi gasi-discharge chubu komanso ndizozoloŵera kuchotsa zida zama electro-mechanical (ma relay, ma switch, ma hard drive ndi zida zina zokhala ndi magawo osuntha) kuchokera ku mawu olimba.
Ngakhale boma lolimba likhoza kuphatikizapo crystalline, polycrystalline ndi amorphous solids ndikutanthauza ma conductor magetsi, insulators ndi semiconductors, zomangira nthawi zambiri zimakhala crystalline semiconductor.
Zipangizo zodziwika bwino za boma zimaphatikiza ma transistor, tchipisi ta microprocessor, ndi RAM.
Mtundu wapadera wa RAM womwe umatchedwa flash RAM umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa ndipo, posachedwapa, ma drive olimba omwe amalowetsa m'malo mwa makina oyendetsa maginito hard drive.
Kuchuluka kwa ma electromagnetic ndi quantum-mechanical action kumachitika mkati mwa chipangizocho.
Mawuwa adakula kwambiri m'zaka za m'ma 1950 ndi 1960, panthawi yosintha kuchokera ku teknoloji ya vacuum chubu kupita ku semiconductor diode ndi transistors.
Posachedwapa, makina ophatikizika (IC), ma light-emitting diode (LED), ndi liquid-crystal display (LCD) asintha ngati zitsanzo zina za zida zolimba.
Mu gawo lokhazikika, lapano limangokhala pazinthu zolimba komanso zopangira zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zisinthe ndikukulitsa.
Mayendedwe apano atha kumveka m'njira ziwiri: ngati ma elekitironi oyipa, komanso zoperewera za ma elekitironi zomwe zimatchedwa mabowo.
Chipangizo choyamba cholimba chinali chodziwira “mashavu amphaka”, chomwe chinagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba m'ma 1930 zolandila wailesi.
Waya wokhala ngati ndevu amayikidwa mopepuka polumikizana ndi kristalo wolimba (monga germanium crystal) kuti azindikire chizindikiro chawayilesi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizirana.
Chipangizo cholimba chaboma chinabwera chokha ndi kupangidwa kwa transistor mu 1947.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
