Kupeza ndi kukweza kumapereka mtundu wina wa kukwera kapena kuwonjezereka kwa zinthu za mic. Koma ziwirizi sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosiyana ndipo ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe mungaganizire!
phindu amatanthauza kukwera kwa matalikidwe a siginecha yolowera, pomwe voliyumu imalola kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa kwa tchanelo kapena amp kusakanikirana. Kupindula kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chizindikiro cha mic chili chofooka kuti chigwirizane ndi magwero ena omvera.
M'nkhaniyi, ndiyang'ana mozama teremu iliyonse pamene ndikudutsa zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso zosiyana.
Kupindula kwa maikolofoni vs voliyumu kufotokozedwa
Kupindula kwa maikolofoni ndi kuchuluka kwa maikolofoni ndizofunikira kuti mumve bwino kwambiri maikolofoni yanu.
Kupindula kwa maikolofoni kungakuthandizeni kulimbikitsa matalikidwe a siginecha kuti ikhale yokwezeka komanso yomveka, pomwe voliyumu ya maikolofoni ingakuthandizeni kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa maikolofoni.
Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa mawu awiriwa ndi momwe angakhudzire zojambula zanu.
Kodi maikolofoni amapindula motani?
Mafonifoni ndi zida za analogi zomwe zimatembenuza mafunde a mawu kukhala ma siginecha amagetsi. Kutulutsa uku kumatchedwa chizindikiro pamlingo wa mic.
Zizindikiro za ma mic-level nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa -60 dBu ndi -40dBu (dBu ndi gawo la decibel lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera voteji). Izi zimatengedwa ngati chizindikiro chofooka cha audio.
Popeza zida zomvera zamaluso zimagwiritsa ntchito ma sigino amawu omwe ali "pamzere wa mzere" (+4dBu), ndi phindu, mutha kulimbikitsa chizindikiro cha maikolofoni kuti chigwirizane ndi mzere woyamba.
Kwa zida za ogula, "mzere wa mzere" ndi -10dBV.
Popanda kupindula, simukanatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma siginecha a maikolofoni ndi zida zina zomvera, chifukwa zitha kukhala zofooka kwambiri ndipo zitha kupangitsa kuti phokoso likhale losauka.
Komabe, kudyetsa chida china chomvera ndi ma siginecha amphamvu kuposa mulingo wa mzere kungayambitse kusokonekera.
Kuchuluka kwa phindu lomwe likufunika kumatengera kuzindikira kwa maikolofoni, komanso phokoso ndi mtunda wa gwero kuchokera pa maikolofoni.
Werengani zambiri za kusiyana pakati pa mic level ndi line level
Kodi ntchito?
Kupeza ntchito powonjezera mphamvu ku siginecha.
Chifukwa chake kuti mubweretse ma mic-level sign up to line level, preamplifier ikufunika kuti ikweze.
Ma maikolofoni ena amakhala ndi preamplifier yokhazikika, ndipo izi ziyenera kukhala ndi phindu lokwanira kuti maikolofoni azikwera mpaka pamzere.
Ngati maikolofoni ilibe chowongolera choyambirira, phindu litha kuonjezedwa kuchokera ku chokulitsa cholumikizira maikolofoni, monga zolumikizira mawu, zoyambira zoyimira, kapena kusakaniza zotonthoza.
Amp imagwiritsa ntchito phindu ili kulumikizidwe kwa maikolofoni, ndipo izi zimapanga chizindikiritso champhamvu kwambiri.
Kodi cholankhulira ndi chiyani ndipo chimagwira ntchito bwanji?
Mafonifoni kuchuluka zimatanthawuza kukweza kapena kuchetetsa kamvekedwe ka mawu kuchokera pa mic.
Mutha kusintha kuchuluka kwa maikolofoni pogwiritsa ntchito fader control. Ngati maikolofoni alumikizidwa ndi kompyuta yanu, gululi limatha kusinthidwanso kuchokera ku zoikamo za chipangizo chanu.
Kumveketsa mawu kumawu mu mic, ndikokulirapo kutulutsa.
Komabe, ngati mwatsitsa voliyumu ya maikolofoni, palibe kuchuluka kwa zolowetsa zomwe zingapangitse kuti mawu amvekenso.
Komanso kudabwa kusiyana pakati pa omnidirectional vs. maikolofoni otsogolera?
Kupindula kwa maikolofoni motsutsana ndi voliyumu: Kusiyana
Kotero tsopano popeza ndadutsamo zomwe aliyense wa mawuwa amatanthauza mwatsatanetsatane tiyeni tifanizire zina mwazosiyana pakati pawo.
Chofunika kukumbukira ndikuti kupindula kwa maikolofoni kumatanthauza kukulira mphamvu kwa cholankhulira cha mic, pomwe voliyumu ya maikolofoni imapangitsa phokoso kukhala laphokoso.
Kupindula kwa maikolofoni kumafuna chokulitsa kuti chiwonjezeke zotuluka kuchokera pa mic kuti zikhale zolimba kuti zigwirizane ndi zida zina zomvera.
Voliyumu ya maikolofoni, kumbali ina, ndikuwongolera komwe mic iliyonse iyenera kukhala nayo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asinthe momwe mamvekedwe amamvekera pamakina.
Nayi kanema wabwino kwambiri wa YouTuber ADSR Music Production Tutorials omwe amafotokoza kusiyana pakati pa awiriwa:
Kupindula kwa maikolofoni motsutsana ndi voliyumu: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani
Voliyumu ndi kupindula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa ziwiri zosiyana kwambiri. Komabe, zonsezi zimakhudza kwambiri phokoso la okamba anu kapena ma amps.
Kuti timve zambiri pa mfundo yanga, tiyeni tiyambe ndi phindu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito phindu
Chifukwa chake, monga momwe mwaphunzirira pano, kupindulako kumakhudzana kwambiri ndi mphamvu yazizindikiro kapena mtundu wa mawu m'malo mokweza mawu.
Izi zati, phindu likakhala laling'ono, pali mwayi wochepa woti mphamvu yanu yazizindikiro idzadutsa malire oyera kapena mzere wa mzere, ndipo muli ndi mutu wambiri.
Izi zimatsimikizira kuti phokoso lopangidwa ndi lomveka komanso loyera.
Mukayika phindu lalikulu, pali mwayi woti chizindikirocho chipitirire mzere wa mzere. Pamene ikupita patsogolo kuposa mzere wa mzere, imasokoneza kwambiri.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, phindu limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kulamulira kamvekedwe ndi khalidwe la phokoso osati mokweza.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu
Mosiyana ndi kupindula, voliyumu ilibe kanthu kochita ndi khalidwe kapena kamvekedwe ka mawu. Zimangokhudza kulamulira mokweza.
Popeza kufuula ndiko kutulutsa kwa speaker kapena amp, ndi chizindikiro chomwe chakonzedwa kale. Chifukwa chake, simungasinthe.
Kusintha voliyumu kumangowonjezera kukweza kwa mawu popanda kusokoneza mtundu wake.
Momwe mungakhazikitsire mulingo wopindula: Zoyenera kuchita ndi zomwe simuyenera kuchita
Kukhazikitsa mulingo woyenera wopindula ndi ntchito yaukadaulo.
Chifukwa chake, ndisanafotokoze momwe mungakhazikitsire mulingo wopeza bwino, tiyeni tiwone zina mwazofunikira zomwe zingakhudze momwe mumapezera phindu.
Zomwe zimakhudza phindu
Kukweza kwa gwero la mawu
Ngati phokoso la gwero ndi lopanda phokoso, mungafune kukweza phindulo pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi nthawi zonse kuti phokoso likhale lomveka bwino popanda mbali iliyonse ya chizindikiro yomwe ikukhudzidwa kapena kutayika pansi pa phokoso.
Komabe, ngati phokoso la gwero ndilokwera kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ngati gitala, mungafune kuti phindu likhale lochepa.
Kukweza kupindula kwakukulu, pamenepa, kukhoza kusokoneza phokoso mosavuta, kuchepetsa khalidwe la kujambula konse.
Kutalikirana ndi gwero la mawu
Ngati gwero la mawu lili patali kwambiri ndi maikolofoni, chizindikirocho chimamveka ngati chete, mosasamala kanthu za mmene chidacho chikukulira.
Mudzafunika kukweza phindu pang'ono kuti mugwirizane ndi mawu.
Kumbali ina, ngati gwero la mawu liri pafupi ndi maikolofoni, mungakonde kuti phindu likhale lochepa, popeza chizindikiro chomwe chikubwera chikanakhala champhamvu kwambiri.
Munthawi imeneyi, kupeza phindu lalikulu kungasokoneze mawu.
Izi ndi maikolofoni abwino kwambiri ojambulira m'malo aphokoso akuwunikiridwa
Kumverera kwa maikolofoni
Mulingo waukulu umatengeranso mtundu wa maikolofoni omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito.
Ngati muli ndi cholankhulira chopanda phokoso, ngati chosinthira kapena nthiti, mungafune kuti phindu likhale lokwera chifukwa silingagwire mawu ake.
Kumbali ina, kuchepetsa phindu kungathandize kuti mawu asadulidwe kapena kusokonekera ngati mugwiritsa ntchito maikolofoni ya condenser.
Popeza ma mics awa ali ndi mayankho ochulukirapo, amajambula kale mawu ake bwino ndipo amapereka zotulutsa zabwino. Chifukwa chake, pali zochepa zomwe mungafune kusintha!
Momwe mungakhazikitsire phindu
Mukakonza zinthu zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, zimakhala zosavuta kupeza phindu. Zomwe mukufunikira ndi mawonekedwe abwino omvera okhala ndi pre-amp ndi DAW.
Mawonekedwe omvera, monga mungadziwire, asintha siginecha yanu ya maikolofoni kukhala mtundu womwe kompyuta yanu ingazindikire ndikukulolani kuti musinthe phindu.
Mu DAW, musintha nyimbo zonse zopita ku master mix basi.
Pa nyimbo iliyonse, padzakhala fader yomwe imayendetsa mawu omwe mumatumiza ku master mix basi.
Kuphatikiza apo, njanji iliyonse yomwe mungasinthire ikhudzanso mulingo wake mu master mix bus, pomwe fader yomwe mukuwona mu master mix bus imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa kuphatikizika kwa mayendedwe onse omwe mumawapatsa.
Tsopano, pamene mukudyetsa siginecha mu DAW yanu kudzera pa mawonekedwe, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti phindu lomwe mumakhazikitsa pa chida chilichonse likugwirizana ndi gawo lokweza kwambiri la nyimboyo.
Mukayiyika kuti ikhale yabata kwambiri, kusakaniza kwanu kumasokonekera mosavuta chifukwa mawu okweza amapita pamwamba pa 0dBF, zomwe zimapangitsa kudumpha.
Mwanjira ina, ngati ndinu DAW ali ndi mita yobiriwira-yachikasu-yofiira, mungafune kukhalabe kudera lachikasu.
Izi ndi zoona kwa onse mawu ndi zida.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati ndinu woyimba gitala, mungakhazikitse phindu lotulutsa pa avareji ya -18dBFs mpaka -15dBFs, ngakhale mikwingwirima yovuta kwambiri ikufika pa -6dBFs.
Kodi gain staging ndi chiyani?
Gain staging ndikusintha mulingo wa siginecha ya siginecha yomvera pamene ikudutsa pazida zingapo.
Cholinga cha kupeza masitepe ndikusunga mulingo wazizindikiro pamlingo wokhazikika, wofunidwa ndikupewa kudulidwa ndi kutsika kwina kwa ma siginecha.
Zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukulitsa kumveka bwino kwa kusakaniza, kuonetsetsa kuti phokosolo limakhala lapamwamba kwambiri.
Kupeza masitepe kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi zida za analogi kapena ma digito.
Pazida za analogi, timapeza masitepe kuti tichepetse phokoso losafunikira muzojambula, monga kung'ung'udza ndi kung'ung'udza.
M'dziko la digito, sitiyenera kuthana ndi phokoso lowonjezera, komabe tifunika kulimbikitsa chizindikirocho ndikuchiteteza kuti chisadulidwe.
Mukapeza gawo mu DAW, chida chachikulu chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi mita yotulutsa.
Mamita awa ndi chithunzithunzi cha kuchuluka kwa voliyumu mkati mwa fayilo ya polojekiti, iliyonse ili ndi nsonga ya 0dBF.
Kupatula pazowonjezera ndi kupindula, DAW imakupatsiraninso kuwongolera pazinthu zina zanyimbo inayake, kuphatikiza milingo ya nyimbo, mapulagini, zotsatira, master level, ndi zina zambiri.
Kusakaniza kwabwino ndi komwe kumakwaniritsa bwino pakati pa magawo azinthu zonsezi.
Kodi compression ndi chiyani? Kodi zimakhudza bwanji kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka?
Kuponderezana kumachepetsa kusinthasintha kwa siginecha potsitsa kapena kukulitsa mawu omveka molingana ndi gawo lokhazikitsidwa.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mawu omveka bwino, okhala ndi mawu okweza komanso ofewa (nsonga ndi ma dips) amatanthauzidwa mofanana pakusakaniza.
Kuponderezana kumapangitsa kuti mawuwo azimveka mofanana ndi madzulo ndi mphamvu ya mbali zosiyanasiyana za kujambula.
Zimathandizanso kuti sigini imveke mokweza popanda kudulira.
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimabwera pano ndi "compression ratio".
Kuponderezana kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti mbali zokhala chete za nyimboyo zikhale zomveka komanso zokulirapo zikhale zofewa.
Izi zingathandize kuti kusakaniza kumveke bwino kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, simudzasowa kupindula kwambiri.
Mungaganize, bwanji osangochepetsa kuchuluka kwa zida zinazake? Zipanga malo okwanira kuti omwe ali chete azituluka bwino!
Koma vuto ndi chida chomwe chingakhale chokweza mbali imodzi chikhoza kukhala chete mwa ena.
Chifukwa chake pochepetsa kuchuluka kwake, mukungoyimitsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizimveka bwino m'mbali zina.
Izi zidzasokoneza khalidwe lonse la kusakaniza.
M'mawu ena, psinjika zotsatira zimapangitsa nyimbo zanu kumveka bwino. Zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa phindu lomwe muzigwiritsa ntchito.
Komabe, zingayambitsenso zotsatira zina zosafunikira pakusakaniza, zomwe zingakhale vuto lenileni.
M'mawu ena, gwiritsani ntchito mwanzeru!
Kutsiliza
Ngakhale sizingawoneke ngati zazikulu, kusintha kopindulitsa kungakhale kusiyana kokha pakati pa kujambula koyipa ndi kopambana.
Imawongolera kamvekedwe ka nyimbo zanu ndi mtundu womaliza wa nyimbo zomwe zimalowa m'makutu anu.
Kumbali ina, mphamvu ya mawu ndi chinthu chosavuta chomwe chimangofunika tikamalankhula za kukweza kwa mawu.
Zilibe chochita ndi khalidwe lililonse, komanso zilibe kanthu pa kusakaniza.
M'nkhaniyi, ndinayesera kuthetsa kusiyana pakati pa phindu ndi voliyumu mu mawonekedwe ake ofunikira kwambiri pofotokozera maudindo awo, ntchito, ndi mafunso okhudzana kwambiri ndi mitu yawo.
Kenako onani izi Makina apamwamba kwambiri a PA pansi pa $200.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
