Marshall ndi m'modzi mwa odziwika kwambiri amp zopangidwa padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimadziwika ndi ma amps awo opeza bwino omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mayina akuluakulu a rock ndi zitsulo. Ma amplifiers awo amafunidwanso kwambiri ndi oimba magitala amitundu yonse. Ndiye zonse zinayambira kuti?
Marshall Amplification ndi kampani yaku Britain yokhala ndi zokulitsa gitala pakati pa odziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, omwe amadziwika ndi "crunch" yawo. Jim Marshall pambuyo poti oimba gitala monga Pete Townshend anadandaula kuti gitala amplifiers analibe mphamvu. Amapanganso zoyankhula makabati, ndipo, atapeza Natal Drums, ng'oma, ndi bongo.
Tiyeni tiwone zomwe mtundu uwu udachita kuti ukhale wopambana.
Nkhani ya Jim Marshall ndi Amplifiers Ake
Pomwe Zonse Zinayambira
Jim Marshall anali mphunzitsi wopambana wa ng'oma ndi ng'oma, koma ankafuna kuchita zambiri. Chifukwa chake, mu 1962, adatsegula kasitolo kakang'ono ku Hanwell, London, akugulitsa ng'oma, zinganga, ndi zida zokhudzana ndi ng'oma. Anaperekanso maphunziro a ng'oma.
Panthawiyo, zokulitsa gitala zodziwika kwambiri zinali zokwera mtengo za Fender amplifiers zomwe zidatumizidwa kuchokera ku US. Jim ankafuna kupanga njira yotsika mtengo, koma analibe luso la uinjiniya wamagetsi kuti achite yekha. Chifukwa chake, adapempha thandizo kwa wokonza sitolo yake, Ken Bran, ndi Dudley Craven, wophunzira wa EMI.
Atatu a iwo adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito Fender Bassman amplifier ngati chitsanzo. Pambuyo pa ma prototype angapo, adapanga "Marshall Sound" muzojambula zawo zachisanu ndi chimodzi.
Marshall Amplifier Anabadwa
Jim Marshall ndiye adakulitsa bizinesi yake, adalemba ganyu, ndikuyamba kupanga zokulitsa gitala. Ma amplifiers 23 oyambilira a Marshall anali opambana ndi oimba gitala ndi oimba bass, ndipo ena mwa makasitomala oyambirira anali Ritchie Blackmore, Big Jim Sullivan, ndi Pete Townshend.
Ma amplifiers a Marshall anali otsika mtengo kuposa ma amplifiers a Fender, ndipo anali ndi mawu osiyana. Adagwiritsa ntchito ma valve opeza bwino kwambiri a ECC83 panthawi yonse yoyambira, ndipo anali ndi fyuluta ya capacitor/resistor pambuyo pakuwongolera voliyumu. Izi zidapangitsa kuti amp apindule kwambiri ndikuwonjezera ma frequency atatu.
Nyimbo ya Marshall ili Pano
Ma amplifiers a Jim Marshall adadziwika kwambiri, ndipo oimba ngati Jimi Hendrix, Eric Clapton, ndi Free adawagwiritsa ntchito mu studio komanso pasiteji.
Mu 1965, Marshall adalowa mgwirizano wazaka 15 ndi kampani yaku Britain Rose-Morris. Izi zidamupatsa likulu kuti awonjezere ntchito zake zopanga, koma sizinali zazikulu pamapeto pake.
Komabe, ma amplifiers a Marshall akhala ena omwe amafunidwa kwambiri komanso otchuka pamakampani. Iwo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ena mwa mayina akuluakulu mu nyimbo, ndipo "Marshall Sound" ili pano kuti ikhalepo.
Ulendo Wodabwitsa wa Jim Marshall: Kuchokera ku Tubercular Bones kupita ku Rock 'n' Roll Legend
Nkhani Yachisanzo Zachuma
James Charles Marshall anabadwa Lamlungu mu 1923 ku Kensington, England. Tsoka ilo, iye anabadwa ndi matenda ofooketsa otchedwa tubercular bones, amene anapangitsa mafupa ake kukhala osalimba kotero kuti ngakhale kugwa pang’ono kukhoza kuthyoka. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, Jim anamangidwa pulasitala kuyambira m’miyendo mpaka m’khwapa kuyambira ali ndi zaka zisanu mpaka pamene anali ndi zaka XNUMX ndi theka.
Kuchokera ku Tap Dancing mpaka Kuyimba Druming
Bambo ake a Jim, omwe kale anali katswiri wankhonya, ankafuna kuthandiza Jim kulimbitsa miyendo yake yofooka. Chifukwa chake, adamulowetsa m'makalasi ovina. Iwo sankadziwa kuti Jim anali ndi kayimbidwe kodabwitsa komanso mawu apadera oimba. Zotsatira zake, adapatsidwa udindo wotsogolera mu gulu lovina la magawo 16 ali ndi zaka 14.
Jim ankakondanso kusewera pagulu la ng'oma ya gululo. Iye anali woyimba ng'oma wodziphunzitsa yekha, koma luso lake lochititsa chidwi linamupangitsa kukhala woimba ngati woyimba ng'oma. Kuti akweze maseŵero ake, Jim anaphunzira maphunziro a ng'oma ndipo posakhalitsa anakhala mmodzi mwa oimba ng'oma opambana kwambiri ku England.
Kuphunzitsa Gulu Lotsatira la Rockers
Luso la Jim loimba ng'oma linali lochititsa chidwi kwambiri moti ana aang'ono anayamba kumupempha maphunziro. Atampempha mosalekeza, Jim pomalizira pake anavomera ndipo anayamba kuphunzitsa ng’oma kunyumba kwake. Asanadziwe, anali ndi ana a 65 pa sabata, kuphatikizapo Micky Waller (yemwe adasewera ndi Little Richard ndi Jeff Beck) ndi Mitch Mitchell (yemwe adapeza kutchuka ndi Jimi Hendrix).
Jim adayambanso kugulitsa zida za ng'oma kwa ana ake, kotero adaganiza zotsegula yekha shopu yake yogulitsa.
Kuyamikira kwa Jimi Hendrix kwa Jim Marshall
Jimi Hendrix anali mmodzi mwa mafani akuluakulu a Jim Marshall. Iye anati:
- Chinthu chinanso chokhudza Mitch [Mitchell] ndikuti ndi amene adandidziwitsa kwa Jim Marshall, yemwe sanali katswiri pa ng'oma koma mnyamata yemwe ankapanga ma gitala abwino kwambiri kulikonse.
- Kukumana ndi Jim kunali kovutirapo kwa ine. Zinali zotsitsimula kwambiri kulankhula ndi munthu amene amadziŵa ndi kusamala za mawu. Jim anandimvetsera tsiku limenelo ndipo anayankha mafunso ambiri.
- Ndimakonda amps anga a Marshall: sindine kanthu popanda iwo.
Mbiri Yamitundu Yoyambirira Ya Amplifier
The Bluesbreaker
Marshall anali wofuna kupulumutsa ndalama, motero adayamba kupeza magawo ku UK. Izi zinayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito otembenuza opangidwa ndi Dagnall ndi Drake ndi kusintha kwa valve ya KT66 m'malo mwa chubu cha 6L6. Sanadziwe, izi zitha kupatsa amplifiers mawu aukali, omwe adakopa chidwi cha osewera ngati Eric Clapton. Clapton adapempha Marshall kuti amupangire combo amplifier ndi tremolo yomwe ingagwirizane ndi boot ya galimoto yake, ndipo "Bluesbreaker" amp anabadwa. Izi, pamodzi ndi 1960 Gibson Les Paul Standard ("Beano"), adapatsa Clapton mawu ake otchuka pa chimbale cha John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers '1966, Bluesbreakers ndi Eric Clapton.
The Plexi ndi Marshall Stack
Marshall anatulutsa mtundu wa 50-watt wa 100-watt Superlead wotchedwa 1987 Model. Kenako, mu 1969, adasintha kapangidwe kake ndikusintha gulu la plexiglass ndi gulu lakutsogolo lachitsulo. Mapangidwe awa adakopa chidwi cha Pete Townshend ndi John Entwistle wa The Who. Ankafuna voliyumu yambiri, motero Marshall adapanga amplifier yapamwamba ya 100-watt. Mapangidwe awa anali:
- Kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa ma valve otulutsa
- Kuonjezera chosinthira mphamvu chokulirapo
- Kuwonjezera pa transformer yowonjezera
Mapangidwe awa adayikidwa pamwamba pa kabati ya 8 × 12-inch (yomwe pambuyo pake idasinthidwa ndi makabati a 4 × 12 inchi). Izi zinapangitsa kuti Marshall stack, fano lodziwika bwino la rock ndi roll.
Kusintha kwa EL34 Valves
Valve ya KT66 inali yokwera mtengo kwambiri, motero Marshall adasinthira ku mavavu amagetsi a Mullard EL34 opangidwa ku Europe. Ma valve awa adapatsa Marshalls mawu aukali kwambiri. Mu 1966, Jimi Hendrix anali mu shopu ya Jim akuyesa ma amplifiers ndi magitala. Jim Marshall anali kuyembekezera kuti Hendrix ayese kupeza chinachake popanda kanthu, koma anadabwa, Hendrix anapereka kugula zokulitsa pamtengo wogulitsa ngati Jim angamupatse chithandizo kwa iwo padziko lonse lapansi. Jim Marshall adavomera, ndipo ogwira ntchito pamsewu a Hendrix adaphunzitsidwa kukonza ndi kukonza zida za Marshall amplifiers.
Marshall Amplifiers a Mid-1970s ndi 1980s
Ma JMPs
Marshall amps apakati pa zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi 1980 anali mtundu watsopano wa zilombo za toni! Kuti kupanga kukhale kosavuta, anasintha kuchoka pa makina ogwiritsira ntchito pamanja kupita ku ma printed-circuit-boards (PCBs). Izi zinapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lowala kwambiri komanso laukali kuposa ma amp amphamvu a EL34 akale.
Nazi mndandanda wa zosintha zomwe zidachitika mu 1974:
- 'mkII' idawonjezedwa ku dzina la 'Super Lead' pagawo lakumbuyo
- 'JMP' ("Jim Marshall Products") idawonjezedwa kumanzere kwa chosinthira magetsi chakutsogolo
- Ma amplifiers onse ogulitsidwa ku US ndi Japan adasinthidwa kukhala General Electric 6550 yolimba kwambiri m'malo mwa chubu cha EL34.
Mu 1975, Marshall adayambitsa mndandanda wa "Master Volume" ("MV") ndi 100W 2203, motsatiridwa ndi 50W 2204 mu 1976. Uku kunali kuyesa kulamulira mlingo wa voliyumu wa amplifiers pamene kusunga matani opotoka mopitirira muyeso zofanana ndi dzina la Marshall.
JCM800
Mndandanda wa Marshall's JCM800 unali gawo lotsatira pakusintha kwa ma amps awo. Idapangidwa ndi 2203 ndi 2204 (100 ndi 50 watts motsatana) ndi 1959 ndi 1987 non-master voliyumu Super Lead.
Ma JCM800 anali ndi maulamuliro apawiri (kuchuluka kwa preamplifier ndi master voliyumu) zomwe zimalola osewera kuti amve mawu a 'cranked Plexi' m'ma voliyumu otsika. Izi zidagunda osewera ngati Randy Rhoads, Zakk Wylde ndi Slash.
Silver Jubilee Series
1987 inali chaka chachikulu kwa Marshall amps. Kukondwerera zaka 25 mu bizinesi ya amp ndi zaka 50 mu nyimbo, adatulutsa mndandanda wa Silver Jubilee. Zinaphatikizapo 2555 (mutu wa 100 watt), 2550 (mutu wa 50 watt) ndi nambala zina zachitsanzo za 255x.
Ma Jubilee amps anali okhazikika pa JCM800s panthawiyo, koma ndi zina zowonjezera. Izi zinaphatikizapo:
- Theka-mphamvu kusintha
- Chophimba chasiliva
- Chovala chowoneka bwino chamtundu wasiliva
- Cholemba chokumbukira
- Mapangidwe a "Semi-split Channel".
Ma amps awa adakhudzidwa ndi osewera omwe amafuna kupeza kamvekedwe kake ka Marshall popanda kukweza voliyumu.
Marshall's Mid-80s mpaka 90s Models
Mpikisano wochokera ku US
Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 80, Marshall adayamba kukumana ndi mpikisano wovuta kuchokera kumakampani aku America amplifier monga Mesa Boogie ndi Soldano. Marshall adayankha poyambitsa mitundu yatsopano ndi mawonekedwe a JCM800, monga "kusintha kwachannel" koyendetsedwa ndi phazi komwe kunalola osewera kusinthana pakati pa matani oyera ndi opotoka ndikukankha batani.
Ma amplifiers awa anali ndi phindu lochulukirapo kuposa kale lonse chifukwa cha kuyambitsa kudulidwa kwa diode, komwe kumawonjezera kupotoza kwa njira yolumikizira, mofanana ndi kuwonjezera chopondapo chosokoneza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti JCM800s yogawanika idapindula kwambiri kuposa ma Marshall amps, ndipo osewera ambiri adadabwa ndi kupotoza kwakukulu komwe adapanga.
Marshall Goes Solid State
Marshall adayambanso kuyesa zokulitsa zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zidayamba kuyenda bwino chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo. Ma amps a state-state awa adagundidwa ndi oimba magitala olowera omwe amafuna kusewera mtundu womwewo wa amp monga ngwazi zawo. Chitsanzo chimodzi chopambana kwambiri chinali mndandanda wa Combo wa Lead 12/Reverb 12, womwe unali ndi gawo la preamplifier lofanana ndi JCM800 ndi gawo lotulutsa mawu okoma.
Billy Gibbons wa ZZ Top adagwiritsanso ntchito izi polemba!
Mtengo wa JCM900
M'zaka za m'ma 90, Marshall adatulutsa mndandanda wa JCM900. Mndandandawu udalandiridwa bwino ndi osewera achichepere omwe amalumikizana ndi pop, rock, punk ndi grunge, ndipo adawonetsa zosokoneza kwambiri kuposa kale.
Mzere wa JCM900 unali ndi mitundu itatu:
- Mitundu ya 4100 (100 watt) ndi 4500 (50 watt) ya "Dual Reverb", yomwe inali mbadwa zamapangidwe a JCM800 2210/2205 ndipo inali ndi njira ziwiri ndi kupotoza kwa diode.
- Ma 2100/2500 Mark III, omwe kwenikweni anali JCM800 2203/2204s okhala ndi ma diode owonjezera komanso loop yamphamvu.
- 2100/2500 SL-X, yomwe idalowa m'malo odulira diode kuchokera ku Mk III ndi valavu ina ya 12AX7/ECC83 preamplifier.
Marshall adatulutsanso zokulitsa "zowonjezera zapadera" pagululi, kuphatikiza mtundu wa "Slash Signature", womwe udatulutsanso amplifier ya Silver Jubilee 2555.
Kutsegula Chinsinsi cha Nambala za Marshall Amp Serial
Kodi Marshall Amp ndi chiyani?
Marshall amps ndi odziwika bwino mu dziko la nyimbo. Akhalapo kuyambira 1962, pomwe adayamba kudzaza mabwalo amasewera ndi mawu awo apadera. Marshall amps amabwera mumitundu yonse ndi makulidwe, kuyambira mapanelo apamwamba a Plexi mpaka mitu yamakono ya Dual Super Lead (DSL).
Kodi Ndingadziwe Bwanji Marshall Amp?
Kudziwa kuti ndi Marshall amp omwe muli nawo kungakhale chinsinsi. Koma musadandaule, takuthandizani. Nazi zomwe muyenera kudziwa:
- Yang'anani pagawo lakumbuyo la amp yanu kuti mupeze nambala ya serial. Pamitundu yopangidwa pakati pa 1979 ndi 1981, mupeza nambala ya serial kutsogolo.
- Marshall amps agwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu zolembera pazaka zambiri: imodzi yotengera tsiku, mwezi, ndi chaka; ina yozikidwa pa mwezi, tsiku, ndi chaka; ndi dongosolo lomata la manambala asanu ndi anayi lomwe linayamba mu 1997.
- Chilembo choyamba cha zilembo (England, China, India, kapena Korea) chimakuuzani komwe amp amapangidwira. Manambala anayi otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira chaka chopanga. Manambala awiri otsatirawa akuyimira sabata yopanga amp.
- Zitsanzo za siginecha ndi zolembedwa zochepa zitha kusiyana pang'ono ndi manambala wamba a Marshall. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'ana komwe kuli magawo monga machubu, mawaya, ma transfoma, ndi ma knobs.
Kodi JCM ndi DSL Amatanthauza Chiyani pa Marshall Amps?
JCM imayimira James Charles Marshall, woyambitsa kampaniyo. DSL imayimira Dual Super Lead, yomwe ndi mutu wanjira ziwiri wokhala ndi Classic Gain ndi Ultra Gain switching channels.
Ndiye muli nazo izo! Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungadziwire Marshall amp yanu ndi zomwe zilembo zonsezo zikutanthauza. Ndi chidziwitso ichi, mutha kugwedezeka ndi chidaliro!
Marshall: Mbiri Yokulitsa
Magitala Amplifiers
Marshall ndi kampani yomwe yakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo yakhala ikupanga ma gitala amp kuyambira kalekale. Kapena amamva choncho. Amadziwika ndi kamvekedwe kawo kapamwamba komanso kamvekedwe kake kapadera, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osankhika kwa oimba magitala ndi mabasi. Kaya mukusewera mu kalabu yaying'ono kapena bwalo lalikulu, Marshall amps amatha kukuthandizani kuti mumve mawu omwe mukufuna.
Bass Amplifiers
Marshall mwina sakupanga ma bass pakali pano, koma adachitadi m'mbuyomu. Ndipo ngati muli ndi mwayi wopeza manja anu pa chimodzi mwa zokongola za mpesa izi, mudzakhala mukusangalala. Ndi kusinthasintha kwawo komanso kusinthasintha, ma amps awa angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso makonda. Komanso, amawoneka okongola kwambiri.
Zosavuta Kuzigwiritsa Ntchito
Marshall amps ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kaya mukusewera m'nyumba kapena panja. Komanso, iwo ndi amphamvu modabwitsa chifukwa cha kukula kwawo. Chifukwa chake ngati mukuyang'ana ma amp abwino omwe sangatenge malo ochulukirapo, Marshall ndiye njira yopitira.
Kutsiliza
Marshall amplifiers abwera kutali kuyambira pomwe adayambira modzichepetsa mu 1962. Pankhani yomveka, Marshall amps ndiwachiwiri. Ndi kamvekedwe kawo kosadziwika bwino, iwo ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri kwa woyimba aliyense yemwe akufuna kupanga luso ndi mawu awo.
Chifukwa chake, musaope KUTENGA ndi Marshall ndikumva nyimbo zodziwika bwino zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi a Jimi Hendrix, Eric Clapton, ndi ena ambiri!
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
