GHz akuyimira gigahertz, ndipo ndi muyeso wa pafupipafupi. Mu nyimbo, GHz ndi yofunika chifukwa imatsimikizira kuthamanga kwazitsulo zomwe zingatheke, ndipo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyeza liwiro la mapurosesa pazida zomvera. Kumvetsetsa kuti GHz ndi chiyani komanso momwe ikugwirizanirana ndi nyimbo kungakuthandizeni kupanga zisankho zabwino posankha chipangizo chomvera kapena kuzindikira mphamvu ya purosesa ya sigino. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona kufunika kwa GHz mu nyimbo ndi zinthu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira posankha chipangizo chomvera:
- Kumvetsetsa kufunikira kwa GHz mu nyimbo
- Mfundo zofunika kuziganizira posankha chipangizo chomvera
Tanthauzo la GHz
GHz (Gigahertz) ndi gawo la kuyeza kwafupipafupi komwe kumatanthawuza mizere 1,000,000,000 (biliyoni imodzi) pa sekondi iliyonse. GHz imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mizere pa sekondi iliyonse ndipo imayesedwa mu Hertz (Hz). Kuchuluka kwa GHz, m'pamenenso purosesa imatha kumaliza ntchito mwachangu.
Muzomvera nyimbo ndi zomvera, izi ndizofunikira pazojambula komanso zowulutsira chifukwa zimathandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa deta yomwe ingasinthidwe mkati mwa nthawi yomwe yaperekedwa. Mwachitsanzo, purosesa ya 2 GHz imatha kugwira ntchito zambiri pa sekondi imodzi kuposa imodzi yokhala ndi 1 GHz, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma audio apamwamba kwambiri.
- Malo ojambulira: Mtengo wapamwamba wa GHz umalola kujambula kwapamwamba kwambiri.
- Malo owulutsira: Mtengo wapamwamba wa GHz umalola kuti ma tchanelo kapena masiteshoni ambiri azigwira ntchito nthawi imodzi mu bandwidth kapena dera.
Mitundu ya GHz
Gigahertz (GHz) ndi muyeso wafupipafupi, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza kuchuluka kwa mizere pa sekondi imodzi ya siginecha yoperekedwa kapena kanema. Mafupipafupi ndi matalikidwe a siginecha yamagetsi imayimira momwe imamvekera ikamveka. Ma frequency okwera amaonedwa kuti amatulutsa mawu okwera, pomwe ma frequency otsika amatulutsa ma toni akuya.
Polankhula za GHz pokhudzana ndi kupanga nyimbo, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: zomvera ndi makanema. Zomvera GHz imatanthawuza kufupipafupi komwe mafunde amawu amachitikira m'mawu a digito; imayesedwa mwa kuwerengera chiwerengero cha oscillations pa sekondi imodzi. Kanema GHz kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mafelemu pa sekondi imodzi (FPS) muzithunzithunzi zamavidiyo a digito. Ma fps akamathamanga kwambiri, m'pamenenso kanema imaoneka bwino ikaseweredwanso pazida monga kompyuta kapena kanema wawayilesi.
Audio GHz amayezedwa ndi hertz (Hzkilohertz (kHz). Nyimbo zambiri zojambulidwa zimapangidwa ndikuseweredwanso 44 kHz, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti 44 zikwi zozungulira zimachitika sekondi iliyonse. Mofananamo, mavidiyo nthawi zambiri amalembedwa pa 24 Hz or 29 Hz; kupanga Zithunzi za 24 pamphindi or Zithunzi za 29 pamphindi motero.
Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ma frequency amawu ndi makanema amakhudza mwachindunji momwe zowulutsira zawo zimawonekera komanso zimamvekera pazida zosewerera monga nsanja kapena ma TV/makompyuta - ngati chizindikiro cha audio ndizokwera kwambiri pafupipafupi ndiye kuti zitha kusokonekera pakuseweredwa chifukwa chakuchulukira pomwe kutsika kocheperako kumatha kupangitsa kuti makanema aziwoneka osasunthika / osasunthika pazenera poyerekeza ndi momwe amafunira kuti azitha kusalala / kuthamanga kwake kumadalira kuchuluka kwa chimango / kutsitsimuka kwake & kulondola!
Ubwino wa GHz mu Nyimbo
GHz kapena gigahertz ndi gawo la ma frequency omwe nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa ndi zomvera ndi makanema. Ndilo muyeso wa liwiro limene deta imakonzedwa, ndi apamwamba GHz imatanthawuza kukonza mwachangu. Izi ndizofunikira mu nyimbo chifukwa zimalola kuti phokoso likhale lapamwamba komanso nthawi yotsegula mofulumira. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwazabwino zogwiritsa ntchito GHz mu nyimbo.
- Nthawi zotsegula mwachangu
- Kumveka kwapamwamba kwambiri
- Kanema wabwino kwambiri
Kuchulukitsa Ubwino Womvera
Pamene chiwerengero cha GHz pamagetsi ogula chikukula, momwemonso khalidwe la nyimbo zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zipangizozi zimakula. Kukwera kwa GHz kwa chipangizocho, m'pamene purosesa yake imakhala yogwira mtima kwambiri pokonza ndi kusamutsa deta yomvera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyimbo ziyambe kusewera bwino komanso kukhulupirika kowonjezereka.
Pachifukwa ichi, chipangizo chokhala ndi ma processor cores angapo omwe akuyenda pamtunda wapamwamba wa GHz ndiwopindulitsa kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupindula kwambiri ndi nyimbo zawo. Kuwonjezeka kwa GHz kumachepetsanso kwambiri latency pojambula kapena kusewera mawu pa chipangizo, kutanthauza kuti munthu amatha kumva kuyimira kolondola kwa mawu awo nthawi yomweyo akagunda "kusewera". Izi zimachotsa kufunika kojambulira angapo amatenga kale kupanga chinthu chomaliza ndipo chimalola oimba ndi opanga kuti azitha kupanga zambiri ndikuyenda kwawo.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa GHz imachepetsa kwambiri latency pojambula kapena kusewera nyimbo pazida.
- Zimathetsa kufunika kojambulira zambiri zomwe zimatengera musanapange chomaliza.
- Zipangizo zokhala ndi mavoti apamwamba a MHz zimatha kunyamula mafayilo akulu kwambiri popanda kutsika pamafelemu kapena kugunda kwa mawu.
Mapurosesa apamwamba kwambiri a GHz pamagetsi ogula amawapangitsa kukhala zida zamtengo wapatali kwa oimba ndi akatswiri omwe akufuna kujambula nyimbo zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zingatheke ndi kuchedwa kochepa.
Kumveka Bwino Komveka
Gigahertz (GHz) ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri tikamaganizira za kamvekedwe ka mawu mu nyimbo zathu. Kuthamanga kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti mawu amveke bwino komanso mawu opangidwanso molondola. Nthawi zambiri, kuwirikiza kulikonse kwa ma frequency kumatha kumasuliridwa ngati +3dB kuwonjezeka kwa voliyumu, kutanthauza kuti powonjezera ma frequency kuchokera ku 1 GHz mpaka 2 GHz, mawu anu amamveka mokweza kawiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukumvera nyimbo pa 1 GHz ndipo mukufuna kuti imveke mokweza, mutha kuwirikiza pafupipafupi mpaka 2GHz.
Komanso, ma frequency apamwamba amayankha mwachangu komanso molondola kwambiri kuposa ma frequency otsika. Kumveka bwino kwa mawu kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri pochita ndi nyimbo zovuta kwambiri; popeza kuchuluka kwatsatanetsatane kumawonekera mosavuta pama frequency awa. Pali zambiri zomwe zili mkati mwa njanji iliyonse ndipo izi zimatha kuchepetsa mwayi woti oimba azitha kuletsedwa mwaluso kapena mwamalembedwe posakaniza nyimbo zawo bwino. Zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri kuti ma frequency omveka bwino azitha kujambula zonse zowonjezera izi kuchokera pakusakaniza; zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ogula azitha kumva nyimbo zolondola komanso zolondola kuposa kale.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa gigahertz imawonetsetsa kuti mawu onse amamveka bwino akamaseweredwa kudzera pa okamba mawu kapena mahedifoni - kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso chonse kwa omvera padziko lonse lapansi.
- Phokoso lopangidwanso molondola limalepheretsanso zovuta monga kupotoza kosafunika kapena kudula panthawi yamasewera; kuyika gigahertz ngati gawo lofunikira kwa munthu aliyense wochita nawo nyimbo.
Pamapeto pake, gigahertz ndi chinthu chofunikira pakumveka bwino, kumveka bwino, kulondola, komanso chidziwitso chonse.
Kuchedwetsa Kuchedwa
GHz, or Gigahertz, ndi gawo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza pafupipafupi. Mu nyimbo, muyeso uwu nthawi zambiri umatanthawuza nthawi yoyankhira kuchokera ku chipangizo chanu chomvera kuti mujambule ndi kuyankha moyenerera - ndiko kuti, momwe chipangizo chanu chomvera chimatha kukonza zidziwitso zamawu mwachangu. Nthawi yoyankha iyi imatchulidwanso kuti kuchedwa. Kukhala ndi ma GHz okwera (kapena ma frequency) kumatha kuchepetsa kuchedwera kwa kamvekedwe ka mawu ndi kamvekedwe kanu, zomwe zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri kwa wopanga nyimbo kapena woyimba aliyense yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito chida chomvera m'dziko lamakono lamakono.
Kutsika kwa latency pazida zomvera kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwongolera bwino komanso kusintha kwamawu ndi mawu olondola kwambiri kuchokera pa noti imodzi kupita pa ina. Chifukwa chake, chida chomwechi chitha kuloleza kusintha kwamadzi ambiri munyimbo kapena kasewero kwinaku chikupereka kusinthasintha malinga ndi mawu komanso kusintha kwa tempo. Ma latency otsika amathandizanso ogwiritsa ntchito kutumiza mapulagini angapo nthawi imodzi popanda kusokoneza mtundu wawo wamawu kapena kuonjezera liwiro lonse mkati mwa magawo awo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito atha kuwonjezera zotsatira monga zofananira panthawi yamasewera kapena magawo ojambulira ngati akuyenda pazikhazikiko za GHz zapamwamba zokhala ndi latency yaying'ono yomwe sikanapezeka kudzera pakusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa hardware.
- Zokonda zapamwamba za GHz sizimangowonjezera kumveka bwino
- Pindulani ndi aliyense wogwira ntchito yopanga mawu a digito
- Kuchepetsa kwambiri milingo ya latency
- Kuwongolera kwakukulu pa ntchito zawo zoyimba kuti pakhale kusintha kosavuta pakati pa zolemba ndi pulagi.
Ponseponse, kukhala ndi makonzedwe apamwamba a GHz sikumangowonjezera kumveka bwino komanso kungathandize aliyense amene akugwira ntchito yopanga mawu a digito pochepetsa kwambiri milingo ya latency yomwe imalola oimba ndi opanga kuwongolera nyimbo zawo kuti azitha kusintha bwino pakati pa zolemba ndi pulagi.
Momwe Mungasankhire GHz Yoyenera ya Nyimbo
Monga akatswiri ambiri amawu akudziwa, kusankha GHz yoyenera panyimbo zanu ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi mawu omwe mukufuna. Ma GHz apamwamba amalola kuti deta yowonjezereka ikonzedwe, zomwe zingapangitse kuti mawuwo akhale abwino. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zabwino ndi zoyipa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya GHz kuti mutha kusankha bwino pakupanga nyimbo zanu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe muyenera kuziganizira posankha GHz yoyenera panyimbo zanu:
- Kusintha kwa deta - Ndi data yochuluka bwanji yomwe ingasinthidwe ndi GHz yopatsidwa?
- mowa mphamvu - Kodi GHz imawononga mphamvu zingati?
- Kutentha kwanyumba - Kodi GHz imachotsa bwanji kutentha?
- ngakhale - Kodi GHz imagwirizana ndi zida ndi mapulogalamu ena?
Lingalirani Mtundu wa Nyimbo
Mtundu wa nyimbo zomwe mukufuna kuchita ndikofunikira kuganizira posankha GHz yoyenera nyimbo. Chip cha GHz nthawi zambiri chimakhala pakati pa 0.8 mpaka 2.6GHz, koma mtundu wa ntchito zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu ina ya nyimbo zingafunike mapurosesa osiyanasiyana a GHz kutengera zovuta zawo komanso kuchuluka kwa nyimbo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa nyimbo kapena nyimboyo.
Mwachitsanzo:
- Nyimbo za hip hop ndi zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimafuna purosesa ya GHz mkati mwa 1-1.8GHz, chifukwa zimadziwika ndi kusakanikirana kowonjezereka kwa phokoso ndi zigawo kuti apange phokoso lapadera.
- Mosiyana ndi izi, mitundu yocheperako monga rock ndi acoustic ingafune purosesa yotsika ya GHZ kuyambira 0.8-1 Ghz chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chawo chosavuta poyerekeza ndi hip hop kapena mitundu yamagetsi; Choncho kuchepetsa mlingo wa mphamvu pokonza zofunika pa kusakaniza audio uku.
Mukasakaniza mitundu iyi ya nyimbo ndi zigawo zingapo ndi zida ndikofunika kuti purosesa yanu igwire ntchito zazikuluzikuluzi panthawi imodzi m'malo mokhudzana ndi liwiro kapena magwiridwe antchito; chifukwa chake zili choncho ndikofunikira kuganizira mtundu wa nyimbo zomwe mukufuna kupanga posankha purosesa yanu yabwino kwambiri ya GHZ.
Ganizirani Ubwino Womvera
GHz, kapena gigahertz, amatanthauza kuthamanga kwa wotchi ya purosesa. Kwenikweni izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi kangati purosesa imatha kuwerengera malangizo a data pamphindikati. Wapamwamba GHz mapurosesa amatha kukonza ntchito zambiri pamphindikati kuposa zotsika GHz mapurosesa. Kusiyanaku kumatha kukhala kwakukulu mukamagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yamawu chifukwa imafunikira kuwerengera kwapamwamba ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi njira zazikulu zingapo monga mayendedwe anthawi imodzi ndi mapulagini odzaza zotsatira.
Pamene nyimbo yanu ikukhala yovuta kwambiri ndi zomveka zosanjikiza ndi nyimbo zingapo, kufunikira kokonzekera mofulumira kukukulirakulira. Kukhala pamwamba GHz mapurosesa akhoza kukhala opindulitsa popanga zinthu monga kumveka bwino, mawonekedwe a sonic ndi mawonekedwe osinthika popereka kukhathamiritsa kosalala mukatsitsa mapulogalamu angapo nthawi imodzi kapena kuchita ntchito monga kupereka mafayilo akulu m'mapulogalamu monga Pro Tools kapena Logic Pro X. Imathandizira kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito pakapita nthawi. kotero kuti nyimbo zanu zitha kufika ku mphamvu zake zonse popanda kuchita chibwibwi kapena kulumpha chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa purosesa. Pomaliza, mkulu GHz mapurosesa amalolanso zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe sizikadapezeka ndi mphamvu zochepa.
Ponseponse, onetsetsani kuti mwasankha phukusi lokonzekera lomwe lili ndi mphamvu zokwanira zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa zanu ndikusunga kukhulupirika kwamtundu wabwino - kusankha GHz yoyenera ndikofunikira!
- Kuchuluka kwa purosesa ndikofunikira kuganizira mukasankha yomwe mungagule, chifukwa chochulukirapo GHz muli nazo, nyimbo zanu zidzamveka bwino.
- High GHz mapurosesa amatha kukonza ntchito zambiri pamphindikati kuposa zotsika GHz mapurosesa.
- Kukhala pamwamba GHz mapurosesa amatha kukhala mwayi wopanga zinthu monga kumveka bwino, mawonekedwe a sonic ndi mitundu yosinthika.
- Zimathandizira kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito pakapita nthawi kuti nyimbo zanu zizitha kuchita chibwibwi popanda kudumpha kapena kulumpha chifukwa cha purosesa.
- High GHz mapurosesa amalolanso zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe sizikadapezeka ndi mphamvu zochepa.
Ganizirani Mtengo
Poyesa kusankha choyenera GHz pazolinga zanu zanyimbo, ndikofunikira kulingalira mtengo wake. Timalimbikitsa a GHz osachepera 2.8 GHz, popeza izi ndizochepera zofunika kupanga nyimbo ndi kompyuta yanu. Kukwera kwafupipafupi, dongosolo lanu lidzakhala lokwera mtengo. Pamene mukukwera mkati GHz, mudzafunanso kuyang'ana zina monga Ram ndi kusunga; zitsanzo zapamwamba nthawi zambiri zimabwera ndi zinthu zambiri ndipo zimawononga ndalama zambiri. Komabe, ngati mungakwanitse, tikupangira kugula makina othamanga omwe azichita mwachangu mukamagwira ntchito ndi pulogalamu yopangira nyimbo.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ngati muli ndi makina amphamvu (oposa zaka zisanu), simungafune zatsopano komanso zazikulu kwambiri. CPU za nyimbo chifukwa mapurosesa othamangawa sangapange kusiyana kwakukulu pamapulogalamu ena[4]. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zonse kumbukirani kuti simukufunika zida zapamwamba kwambiri kuti mungoyendetsa mapulogalamu a nyimbo - bola ngati makina anu amatha kugwira ntchito zoyambira monga. kusintha kwa mawu or kusanja mu nthawi yeniyeni popanda kuchedwa kapena kuwonongeka, ndiye kuti purosesa yakale ikhoza kukhala yabwino kupanga nyimbo pa kompyuta yanu.
Kutsiliza
Pomaliza, kumvetsa GHz purosesa ndizofunikira pakupanga nyimbo ndi kujambula. Muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa purosesa ya kompyuta yanu chifukwa nambala yapamwamba nthawi zambiri imatha kupangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yofulumira komanso yabwino. Kumvetsetsa liwiro la purosesa ya GHz kumatsimikiziranso kuti mumagula laputopu yabwino kwambiri yopanga nyimbo kapena ntchito zina zokhudzana ndi mawu.
Ndi malangizo ndi zidule zonse zomwe takambirana pamwambapa, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino ma processor a GHz komanso kufunika kwawo mu nyimbo:
- Samalani kwambiri ndi liwiro la purosesa
- Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa purosesa kungayambitse ntchito yabwino
- Onetsetsani kuti mwagula laputopu yabwino kwambiri yopanga nyimbo kapena ntchito zina zokhudzana ndi mawu
Chidule cha Mapindu
Kwa opanga nyimbo, GHz ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri popanga nyimbo zapamwamba. Ndi kuthekera kwake kuyeza molondola ndi mapu mafunde a mawu, oimba amatha kujambula ndi chidaliro chowonjezereka kuti zosakaniza zawo zikumveka bwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, milingo yamafupipafupi imatha kusinthidwa mosamala kuti ikwaniritse zotsatira zina za harmonic kapena zosiyana m'mayendedwe. Kuwongolera uku kumapereka ufulu wochulukirapo pakuphatikiza nyimbo ndikuwunika mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawu kuti mupange nyimbo zapadera.
Pokhala ndi kumvetsetsa kwa GHz ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito m'dziko lojambulira ndi kupanga, munthu amatha kukhala ndi malingaliro aukadaulo pakupanga zidutswa zaluso zamawu. Komanso kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza zotulutsa zapamwamba kwambiri pojambulitsa, opanga amathanso kupanga zisankho zodziwika bwino za kuchuluka kwa ma frequency omwe amagwira ntchito bwino pamagawo osiyanasiyana pamayendedwe awo - zomwe zimatsogolera ku zojambulira zapamwamba zoperekedwa munthawi yochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kuyang'anira zojambulira zawo akadali kutsatira popanda kupotoza zomvera kapena kudina kokhumudwitsa kapena ma pops chifukwa cha kupindula kolakwika.
Ponseponse, kumvetsetsa GHz (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Gigahertz) ndiyofunikira kwa woimba aliyense wopambana kapena wopanga yemwe akufunafuna zotsatira zapamwamba akamasakaniza zojambula zawo ndikupanga mapulojekiti atsopano. Pogwiritsa ntchito lusoli moyenera ndi zida zake ndi njira zake, akatswiri odzipereka amatsimikiza kuti apeza zotsatira zabwino pachidutswa chilichonse chomwe atulutsa padziko lonse lapansi.
- GHz amatha kuyeza molondola komanso kujambula mafunde a mawu
- Opanga amapeza ufulu wopanga akasakaniza nyimbo
- Opanga amatha kupanga zisankho zodziwitsidwa pamlingo wama frequency
- Opanga amatha kuyang'anira zojambula zawo potsatira
- kumvetsa GHz ndizofunikira kwa oimba opambana ndi opanga
Chidule cha Momwe Mungasankhire GHz Yoyenera
Pamene mukugula chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito popangira nyimbo, kusankha nambala yoyenera ya GHz kudzakhala kofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa zipangizo zanu. Kuchuluka kwa GHz, m'pamenenso makina anu amatha kuchita zambiri komanso kuchita zinthu zovuta mwachangu. Zomwe mumakumana nazo popanga nyimbo zimatengera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zamakompyuta kuti ntchitoyo ichitike.
Purosesa yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe ilipo nthawi zambiri imatchedwa purosesa ya "multi-core". Chip chamtunduwu chimapangidwa ndi ma cores ambiri omwe amatha kugwira ntchito zingapo nthawi imodzi. Mapurosesa awa ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa ma single-core versions koma amapereka liwiro lachangu komanso kuthekera kwakukulu koyendetsa ntchito zonse nthawi imodzi.
M'pofunikanso kuganizira ndi anthu angati omwe azigwiritsa ntchito kompyuta kapena chojambulira, popeza mufunika malo okwanira pa hard drive ndi RAM kuti mupewe kutsika chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa data. Mudzafunanso kuganizira kuchuluka kwa batri komwe kumafunikira; ma laputopu, mapiritsi, ndi olamulira akulu a DJ onse ali ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito MPHAMVU zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi liwiro lawo la GHz ndi zosowa zonse zogawira kukumbukira.
Kuganizira izi posankha zomwe chipangizo chanu chimafuna kungathandize kuonetsetsa kuti chikukwaniritsa zosowa zanu pano komanso mtsogolo!
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
