Kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kachitidwe kachitidwe kapena kachipangizo poyankha kukondoweza ndipo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa kusinthika kwadongosolo. Ndilo muyeso wa kukula ndi gawo la zotulutsa monga ntchito ya pafupipafupi, poyerekeza ndi zolowetsa. Mwachidule, ngati a sine yoweyula amabayidwa mu dongosolo pa pafupipafupi anapatsidwa, dongosolo liniya adzayankha pa mafupipafupi omwewo ndi ukulu winawake ndi ena gawo ngodya wachibale ndi athandizira. Komanso kwa dongosolo liniya, kuwirikiza kawiri matalikidwe a athandizira kuwirikiza matalikidwe a linanena bungwe. Kuonjezera apo, ngati dongosololi liri losasintha nthawi, ndiye kuti kuyankha kwafupipafupi sikudzasiyananso ndi nthawi. Ntchito ziwiri zowunikira pafupipafupi zimalumikizana koma zimakhala ndi zolinga zosiyana. Kwa makina omvera, cholinga chake chingakhale kutulutsanso siginecha yolowera popanda kusokoneza. Izi zingafunike kukula kwa yunifolomu (yosalala) mpaka kuchepetsedwa kwa bandwidth ya dongosolo, ndi chizindikiro chochedwa ndi nthawi yofanana nthawi zonse. Nthawi imeneyo ikhoza kukhala masekondi, kapena masabata kapena miyezi pazochitika zojambulidwa. Mosiyana ndi izi, pazida zowunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kachitidwe kosinthika, cholinga chake ndikupereka njira yotsekeka yoyankhidwa bwino poyerekeza ndi dongosolo losalipidwa. Mayankhowo nthawi zambiri amafunikira kuyankha kumayendedwe adongosolo mkati mwazozungulira zocheperako (nthawi zambiri zosakwana mkombero umodzi wathunthu), komanso ndi mbali yotsimikizika yokhudzana ndi zomwe mwalamulidwa. Pakuyankha kwa kukulitsa kokwanira, kupeza gawo lolakwika kungayambitse kusakhazikika kwa dongosolo lokhazikika lotseguka, kapena kulephera kukhazikika dongosolo lomwe lili lotseguka losakhazikika. Zosefera zapa digito zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina onse omvera komanso kuwongolera mayankho, koma popeza zolinga ndizosiyana, nthawi zambiri mawonekedwe azosefera amakhala osiyana kwambiri pazosefera ziwirizi.
M'nkhaniyi, ndikufotokozerani kuti kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi chiyani, momwe kumakhudzira phokoso, komanso momwe mungayesere. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikugawana maupangiri amomwe mungayankhire pafupipafupi kuchokera ku zida zanu zomvera.
Kumvetsetsa Mayankho a Mafupipafupi: Chinsinsi cha Magwiridwe a Zida Zomvera
Kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi liwu lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza momwe makina amawu amayankhira pamawu osiyanasiyana amawu. M'mawu osavuta, zimatanthawuza momwe makina amawu amapangitsira bwino ma frequency osiyanasiyana.
Kodi Mayankho a Frequency Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Motani Pakupanga Zida Zomvera?
Okonza amagwiritsa ntchito miyeso yoyankha pafupipafupi kuti apange zida zomvera zomwe zimagwira ntchito motsatira mzere komanso modziwikiratu. Amagwiritsa ntchito zosefera, ma amplifiers, ndi mabwalo ena kuti apange kuyankha pafupipafupi kuti akwaniritse phokoso linalake kapena kubweza zofooka mu dongosolo.
Kodi Fourier Transform ndi chiyani?
Kusintha kwa Fourier ndi njira ya masamu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyimira chizindikiro malinga ndi magawo ake pafupipafupi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa chizindikiro mumayendedwe ake ndi ma amplitudes, omwe amatha kukonzedwa pama curve kuyankha pafupipafupi.
Kodi Pali Ubale Wotani Pakati pa Mayankho Afupipafupi ndi Kusintha kwa Signal?
Kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi lingaliro lofunikira pakukonza ma siginecha chifukwa limafotokoza momwe dongosolo limayankhira ma frequency osiyanasiyana a siginecha. Njira zopangira ma siginecha monga kusefa ndi kuchulukitsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuyankha pafupipafupi kwa dongosolo kuti likwaniritse phokoso linalake kapena zotsatira zake.
Kodi Udindo Wa Ma Frequency Response Pakugwirira Kwa Zida Zomvera Ndi Chiyani?
Kuyankha pafupipafupi ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pozindikira momwe zida zomvera zimagwirira ntchito. Dongosolo lomwe limakhala ndi ma frequency afupipafupi lidzatulutsanso ma frequency onse mofanana, pomwe dongosolo lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe oyankha pafupipafupi lidzatsindika kapena kuchepetsa ma frequency ena. Okonza ayenera kulinganiza chikhumbo cha phokoso linalake ndi kufunikira kwa ntchito yolondola komanso yodalirika.
Chifukwa Chake Kuyankha Kwafupipafupi Kufunika Pazida Zomvera
Pankhani ya zida zomvera, kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi liwu laukadaulo lomwe nthawi zambiri limaponyedwa mozungulira popanda anthu kuzindikira kufunika kwake. M'mawu osavuta, kuyankha pafupipafupi kumatanthawuza kuthekera kwa chipangizo kutulutsanso ma toni onse mu siginecha yomvera, kuchokera pamanotsi otsika kwambiri mpaka pamanotsi apamwamba kwambiri.
Udindo wa Mayankho a pafupipafupi popanga mawu abwino
Kuyankha pafupipafupi kwa chipangizo chomvera ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuzindikira mtundu wa mawu omwe amaperekedwa kumapeto. Chipangizo chokhala ndi ma frequency omveka bwino chimaonedwa kuti ndi choyenera komanso chokhoza kutulutsa mawu ambiri, pomwe chipangizo chokhala ndi ma frequency owoneka bwino chingapangidwe kuti chitsindike kapena kutsitsa ma frequency ena.
Chifukwa Chake Kuyankha Moyenera Kwambiri Ndikofunikira
Kuyankha kwafupipafupi ndikofunikira chifukwa kumapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chizitha kutulutsanso phokoso la zida ndi masitayilo osiyanasiyana a nyimbo. Mwachitsanzo, chipangizo chokhala ndi bass yankho lamphamvu chikhoza kukhala chabwino posewera nyimbo zamtundu wina, koma sichingakhale choyenera kujambula kapena kusakaniza zidutswa zomwe zimakhala ndi phokoso lapamwamba.
Momwe Kuyankha pafupipafupi kumakhudzira magwiridwe antchito
Kuyankha pafupipafupi kwa chipangizo chomvera kumatha kukhudzanso magwiridwe ake onse m'njira zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, chipangizo chokhala ndi mafupipafupi otsika sichingathe kupititsa mphamvu zokwanira kuti zimveke bwino, pamene chipangizo chokhala ndi maulendo apamwamba sichingathe kutulutsa mawu abwino otsika.
Chifukwa Chake Kuyankha Kwafupipafupi Ndikofunikira Pakukhazikitsa Situdiyo
Mu studio, kuyankha pafupipafupi ndikofunikira kwambiri chifukwa kumatha kukhudza zojambulira zomwe zimapangidwa. Chipangizo chokhala ndi ma frequency oyenerera chingathandize kutsimikizira kuti zojambulirazo ndi zolondola komanso zikumveka bwino pazida zosiyanasiyana zoseweredwa.
Momwe Mungasankhire Zida Zomvera Kutengera Mayankho a pafupipafupi
Pogula zida zomvera, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuyankha pafupipafupi. Nazi zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira:
- Yang'anani zida zomwe zimapereka kuyankha koyenera pamitundu yonse yamatani.
- Ganizirani za mtundu wa nyimbo kapena mawu amene mudzakhala mukuimba kapena kumvetsera, ndipo sankhani chipangizo chimene chinapangidwa kuti chizitha kumvetsera nyimbozo.
- Osatengeka kwambiri ndi zambiri zaukadaulo kapena mafotokozedwe. Ngakhale ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zoyambira za kuyankha pafupipafupi, anthu ambiri sangathe kumva kusiyana pang'ono pakuyankha pafupipafupi pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana.
- Kumbukirani kuti kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi chinthu chimodzi choyenera kuganizira posankha zida zomvera. Zinthu zina ndi monga mtundu wa zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa zomwe chipangizochi chingathe kugwira, mlingo wa tsatanetsatane ndi kumveka bwino komwe kumapereka, ndi khalidwe lonse la phokoso lomwe limapanga.
Kuyeza ndi Kukonza Mayankho a pafupipafupi: Tsatanetsatane waukadaulo
- Njira yodziwika kwambiri imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro choyesera pakuyika kwa zida zomvera ndikuyesa chizindikiro chomwe chimachokera.
- Njira ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito maikolofoni kuti mutenge mawu opangidwa ndi chipangizocho ndi kusanthula chizindikiro chomwe chimachokera.
- Njira ziwirizi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma siginecha angapo oyesa pama frequency osiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse ma frequency a zida zonse.
Chiwembu cha Mayankho pafupipafupi
- Kuyankha pafupipafupi kumakonzedwa pa graph yokhala ndi ma frequency pa x-axis ndi mulingo wa y-axis.
- Chiwembu chotsatiracho chikhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mapindikidwe osalala kapena mndandanda wa mawonekedwe a makoswe.
- Chiwembucho chingaphatikizeponso zambiri za gawo, lomwe ndi nthawi yofananira ya magawo osiyanasiyana amtundu wa siginecha.
Kufotokozera Kwafupipafupi kwa Domain: Kukhazikitsa Malire ndi Zizindikiro Zotsata
Ma frequency a domain ndi magawo aumisiri omwe amafotokozera momwe makina angayankhire ma siginoloji olowera pama frequency osiyanasiyana. Amakhazikitsa malire pakupindula kwa dongosolo, kukhudzika, komanso kuchepetsa zosokoneza, ndikutsata ma siginecha kuti zitsimikizire kuti zomwe zatulutsidwa zikugwirizana ndi zomwe mukufuna.
Kodi Systune ndi chiyani?
Systune ndi chida cha mapulogalamu chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira ma frequency domain specifications for control systems. Imagwiritsa ntchito script yotseka kuti isinthe magawo a dongosolo ndikutsata yankho lomwe mukufuna.
Kodi SISO ndi chiyani?
SISO imayimira "kulowetsa kumodzi, kutulutsa kamodzi," ndipo imatanthawuza machitidwe omwe ali ndi cholowetsa chimodzi ndi chotuluka chimodzi. Machitidwe a SISO amatsatiridwa ndi ma frequency domain specifications, omwe amaika malire pamayankhidwe awo pamasinthidwe olowera pama frequency osiyanasiyana.
Kodi Amplification Ndi Yofanana ndi Kupindula?
Kuchulukitsa ndi kupindula ndizogwirizana, koma sizofanana. Kukweza kumatanthawuza kuwonjezereka kwa siginecha yonse, pomwe phindu limatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachokera kuzomwe zimalowetsa pafupipafupi. Nthawi zina, zingakhale bwino kutchula kukulitsa m'malo mopeza phindu, malingana ndi zofunikira za dongosolo.
Kodi Norm Constraint ndi chiyani?
Norm constraint ndi mtundu wa ma frequency domain specifications omwe amaika malire pa zomwe zimachitika pakasinthidwe kachitidwe. Izi ndizothandiza poletsa kuyankha kwadongosolo lonse, m'malo moyankha pama frequency enieni.
Mayankho a Flat vs Shaped Frequency: Ndi Yabwino Iti Pa Maikolofoni Yanu?
Kuyankha kwafupipafupi, kumbali ina, kumatanthauza kuti maikolofoni adapangidwa kuti azitsindika kapena kutsitsa ma frequency ena. Izi zitha kuchitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, monga kubweza mawu a m'chipindamo kapena kuwongolera kamvekedwe ka chida china. Zitsanzo zina za ma maikolofoni okhala ndi mawonekedwe afupipafupi ndi awa:
- The Shure SM7B: Maikolofoni iyi ili ndi midrange yokwezeka komanso yotsika pama frequency apamwamba, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chodziwika bwino chojambulira mawu.
- AKG C414: Maikolofoni iyi ili ndi mitundu ingapo, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Izi zimathandiza wosuta kusankha Baibulo limene likugwirizana ndi zosowa zawo.
Kusankha Mayankho Oyenera Kwambiri Pazosowa Zanu
Ndiye, chabwino ndi chiani: kuyankha kwafupipafupi kapena kowoneka bwino? Yankho ndilakuti, zimatengera zosowa zanu zenizeni. Nazi zina zomwe muyenera kuziganizira posankha maikolofoni:
- Ngati mukufuna maikolofoni yomwe imatulutsanso mawu a gwero molondola, kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi njira yopitira.
- Ngati mukujambulira mchipinda chokhala ndi mawu osamveka bwino, maikolofoni yokhala ndi mawonekedwe afupipafupi atha kukuthandizani kubwezera izi.
- Ngati mukujambulitsa chida kapena mawu enaake, maikolofoni yokhala ndi mawonekedwe afupipafupi omwe amatsindika mafupipafupi a chidacho kapena mawuwo amatha kusintha mawuwo.
Ndizofunikiranso kudziwa kuti ma maikolofoni ena, monga Neumann U87 wotchuka, amakhala ndi kuyankha kwafupipafupi kokwezeka pang'ono. Izi zingapangitse kuti pakhale phokoso lowala, lomveka bwino, koma lingayambitsenso phokoso lalikulu ndipo limafuna kukonzedwa mosamala.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Frequency Response
Kuyankha pafupipafupi kwamawu ndi chinthu chofunikira popanga zida zomvera. Akatswiri amayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti makinawo atha kutulutsanso ma frequency omwe akufunidwa molondola komanso mokhulupirika. Izi zimafunika kuyankha pafupipafupi mosalekeza ndi kulolerana kolimba, kutanthauza kuti makinawo asachepetse kapena kutsindika ma frequency aliwonse. Kuti akwaniritse izi, mainjiniya atha kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera za analogi ndi digito, kutengera zofunikira zadongosolo.
Kuyeza ndi Kusanthula Zizindikiro
Kuyankha pafupipafupi ndikofunikiranso pakuyezera ndi kusanthula ma siginecha mumagetsi amagetsi. Mainjiniya amagwiritsa ntchito ma curve oyankha pafupipafupi kuwonetsa momwe makina amapangiranso kapena kuchepetsa ma frequency osiyanasiyana. Zambirizi ndizofunikira pakupanga ndi kuyesa zida zamagetsi, monga ma amplifiers, maikolofoni, ndi zosefera. Pakuwunika kuyankha pafupipafupi kwadongosolo, mainjiniya amatha kuwerengera kuyankha kwapang'onopang'ono (FIR) yadongosolo, zomwe zimawalola kubweza kuyankha kulikonse kosagwirizana.
Kulumikizana ndi Wireless Systems
Kuyankha pafupipafupi ndikofunikiranso pamakina olumikizirana ndi opanda zingwe, monga wailesi, makanema, ndi makina osinthira. Mainjiniya amagwiritsa ntchito ma curve oyankha pafupipafupi kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa ma frequency omwe makina amatha kutumiza kapena kulandira. Zambirizi ndizofunika kwambiri popanga ndi kuyesa tinyanga ndi zingwe za coaxial. M'makina opanda zingwe, mainjiniya amafunikanso kuganizira ma frequency a infrasonic omwe angayambitsidwe ndi zivomezi kapena ma siginecha a electroencephalography (EEG).
Kutsindika ndi Kuchepetsa Zofunikira
Muzinthu zina, monga kutulutsa mawu kapena kumveka bwino kwa mawu, kuyankha kofananako kungafuneke. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wina wa nyimbo ungafunike kutsindika kwambiri ma frequency a bass, pomwe njira yolumikizira mawu ingafunike kutsindika kwambiri ma frequency apakati. Pazifukwa izi, mainjiniya amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera kuti apange kuyankha pafupipafupi kwadongosolo kuti akwaniritse zofunikira. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kuyankha kowoneka bwino sikumabweretsa kusakhulupirika kapena kumveka bwino.
Chitetezo ndi Chidziwitso
Kuyankha pafupipafupi ndikofunikiranso poteteza zida zamagetsi kuti zisawonongeke. Mwachitsanzo, cholankhulira chikhoza kukhala ndi mayankhidwe afupipafupi omwe amapitirira kumveka, zomwe zingawononge cholankhulira ngati chikuyendetsedwa ndi chizindikiro chokhala ndi ma infrasonic kapena ultrasonic frequencies. Pofuna kupewa izi, mainjiniya atha kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera kuti achepetse kuyankha pafupipafupi kwa sigino yolowera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyankha pafupipafupi kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kudziwitsa ogwiritsa ntchito zovuta zomwe zingachitike mudongosolo. Mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kuyankha pafupipafupi kwa dongosolo kungasonyeze chigawo cholakwika kapena kugwirizana kotayirira.
Kutsiliza
Chifukwa chake, kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi muyeso wa momwe wolankhulira kapena chida chomvera chimapangitsira ma frequency osiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikira kwambiri posankha zida zoyenera pamawu omwe mukufuna kukwaniritsa.
Kotero, tsopano mukudziwa kuti kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi chiyani komanso momwe mungayesere. Ndikukhulupirira kuti bukhuli layankha mafunso anu onse ndipo lakuthandizani kuti muphunzire zambiri za gawo lofunikira la zida zomvera.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
