Ma maikolofoni a Condenser ndi ma maikolofoni a lavalier onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pazokambirana, zowonetsera, ndi makonsati. Komabe, ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zotengera mawu. Ma condenser mics ndi akulu komanso omvera kwambiri, amatenga ma frequency angapo komanso mawu otsika kwambiri. Pakadali pano, lavalier mics Zing'onozing'ono komanso zolunjika, zimamveka bwino kwambiri. M'nkhaniyi, ndiwona kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya maikolofoni ndikuwongolera posankha yabwino kwambiri pazomwe mukufuna.
Kumvetsetsa Kusiyana Pakati pa Lavalier ndi Condenser Maikolofoni
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe ma maikolofoni a condenser amasankhidwira kuti azijambulitsa kuposa maikolofoni amphamvu. Nazi zina mwazabwino zazikulu:
- Ma mics a Condenser (umu ndi momwe amafananizira ndi zosinthika) kukhala ndi ma frequency okulirapo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kumvera mawu okulirapo.
- Ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa ma maikolofoni amphamvu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kumva mawu opanda phokoso komanso mamvekedwe amawu.
- Ma mics a Condenser nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuyankha kwakanthawi kochepa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kujambula molongosoka kusintha kwadzidzidzi.
- Amatha kunyamula mawu okwera kwambiri, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala omveka bwino pojambula mawu ndi mawu ena apamwamba.
Ndi Mitundu Yanji Yosiyanasiyana ya Ma Microphone a Condenser?
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya maikolofoni ya condenser: diaphragm yayikulu ndi diaphragm yaying'ono. Umu ndi momwe amasiyanirana:
- Maikolofoni akuluakulu a diaphragm condenser amakhala ndi malo okulirapo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kunyamula mawu ochulukirapo ndipo amatha kujambula mawu otsika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula mawu ndi zida zina zoyimbira.
- Maikolofoni ang'onoang'ono a diaphragm condenser amakhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kunyamula mawu okwera kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambulira zida monga zinganga, magitala omvera, ndi ma violin.
Kodi Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Lavalier Microphone Ndi Chiyani?
Maikolofoni a Lavalier ali ndi zabwino zingapo kuposa mitundu ina ya maikolofoni:
- Iwo ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso osawoneka bwino, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kujambula muzochitika zomwe simukufuna kuti maikolofoni awonekere.
- Amapangidwa kuti azivala pafupi ndi thupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kunyamula mawu omveka bwino popanda kunyamula phokoso lambiri.
- Nthawi zambiri amakhala omnidirectional, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kunyamula mawu kuchokera mbali zonse. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza pojambula anthu angapo kapena mukafuna kujambula mawu ozungulira.
Ndi Maikolofoni Yanji Amene Muyenera Kusankha?
Pamapeto pake, mtundu wa maikolofoni womwe mwasankha umadalira zosowa zanu zenizeni ndi mtundu wa ntchito yomwe mukugwira. Nazi zina zomwe muyenera kuziganizira posankha:
- Ngati mukufuna maikolofoni yaing'ono komanso yosaoneka bwino, maikolofoni ya lavalier ingakhale yabwino kwambiri.
- Ngati mukufuna maikolofoni yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri ndipo imatha kumva phokoso lambiri, maikolofoni ya condenser ingakhale njira yopitira.
- Ngati mukuyang'ana maikolofoni yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo safuna zida zambiri zowonjezera, maikolofoni yamphamvu ingakhale njira yabwino kwambiri.
- Ngati mukujambula mawu kapena zida zina zoyimbira, maikolofoni yayikulu ya diaphragm condenser mwina ndiyo yabwino kwambiri.
- Ngati mukujambula zida zoyimba kwambiri ngati zinganga kapena violin, maikolofoni yaing'ono ya diaphragm condenser ingakhale njira yopitira.
Kumbukirani, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikusankha maikolofoni yomwe ingakuthandizeni kukwaniritsa zomvera zanu zomwe mukufuna.
Nkhondo ya Mics: Condenser vs Lavalier
Pankhani yosankha maikolofoni yoyenera pazofuna zanu zopanga mawu, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe muyenera kuziganizira. Nawa maumboni okuthandizani kupanga chisankho mwanzeru:
Mitundu Yodziwika Ya Maikolofoni
- Maikolofoni a Condenser: Ma mics awa nthawi zambiri amakhala atcheru kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi mitundu yambiri kuposa ma mics osinthika. Iwo ndi abwino kwa studio ntchito ndi kujambula osiyanasiyana phokoso. Mitundu ina yotchuka ndi AKG ndi Shure.
- Maikolofoni a Lavalier: Ma mic ang'onoang'ono awa, okhala ndi mawaya adapangidwa kuti azivala pafupi ndi thupi ndipo amatchuka pamalankhulidwe amoyo ndi mawonetsero. Amadziwikanso kuti ma lapel mics ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pa TV ndi kupanga mafilimu. Mitundu ina yotchuka ndi Shure ndi Sennheiser.
Kusiyana Kwakukulu Pakati pa Maikolofoni a Condenser ndi Lavalier
- Chitsanzo Chojambulira: Ma mics a Condenser nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chithunzi chachikulu, pomwe ma lavalier mics amakhala ndi mawonekedwe oyandikira.
- Phantom Power: Condenser mics nthawi zambiri imafunikira mphamvu ya phantom, pomwe ma lavalier mics satero.
- Mbiri: Ma mics a Condenser amadziwika ndi mawu awo apamwamba kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pama studio apamwamba. Ma Lavalier mics amadziwika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwawo ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamakonzedwe amoyo.
- Kukhudzika: Ma mics a condenser nthawi zambiri amakhala omvera kuposa maikolofoni a lavalier, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kumva mawu osawoneka bwino.
- Mtundu wa Phokoso: Ma mics a Condenser ndi abwino kuti azitha kujambula mawu osiyanasiyana, pomwe ma lavalier mics ndioyenera kwambiri kujambula mawu.
- Ngongole: Ma mics a Condenser nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito mokhazikika, pomwe ma lavalier mics amatha kusuntha kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa za woyendetsa.
- Polar Pattern: Condenser mics nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi cardioid polar pattern, pamene ma lavalier mics nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi omnidirectional polar pattern.
Kusankha Maikolofoni Yoyenera Pazosowa Zanu
- Ngati mukuyang'ana maikolofoni kuti mugwire ntchito ku studio, mic condenser nthawi zambiri ndiyo yabwino kwambiri. Zimakhala zovuta kumva ndipo zimatha kujambula mawu osiyanasiyana.
- Ngati mukuyang'ana maikolofoni kuti muzikhazikitse nthawi zonse, maikolofoni ya lavalier nthawi zambiri ndiyo yabwino kwambiri. Ndizochepa komanso zosunthika, ndipo zimatha kuvala pafupi ndi thupi kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito popanda manja.
- Ngati mukuwombera kanema ndipo mukufuna maikolofoni yomwe imatha kujambula mawu patali, maikolofoni yamfuti nthawi zambiri imakhala yabwino kwambiri. Amapangidwa kuti azitenga mawu kuchokera kunjira inayake ndipo ndi abwino kujambula zokambirana mufilimu ndi TV.
- Ngati mukufuna maikolofoni ya m'manja kuti muyimbe mawu, maikolofoni yosinthika nthawi zambiri imakhala yabwino kwambiri. Zimakhala zolimba ndipo zimatha kuthana ndi kupindula kwakukulu popanda kusokoneza.
- Ngati mukufuna maikolofoni opanda zingwe, ma condenser ndi lavalier mics amapezeka m'mitundu yopanda zingwe. Yang'anani mitundu ngati Shure ndi Sennheiser yama mics opanda zingwe apamwamba kwambiri.
Mfundo Zowonjezera Zomwe Muyenera Kuziganizira
- Mangani Ubwino: Yang'anani maikolofoni omangidwa bwino komanso olimba, makamaka ngati mukufuna kuwagwiritsa ntchito ngati akatswiri.
- Maikolofoni Angapo: Ngati mukufuna kujambula mawu kuchokera kuzinthu zingapo, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito maikolofoni angapo m'malo modalira maikolofoni imodzi kuti igwire ntchitoyo.
- Varimotion: Yang'anani maikolofoni okhala ndi ukadaulo wa varimotion, womwe umathandizira maikolofoniyo kuti azigwira mawu osiyanasiyana popanda kusokoneza.
- mainchesi ndi Madigiri: Ganizirani kukula ndi ngodya ya maikolofoni posankha choyimira cha maikolofoni kapena mkono wa boom kuti muyigwire.
- Mbiri: Yang'anani maikolofoni ochokera kumitundu yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi mbiri yabwino komanso yodalirika.
Maikolofoni ya lavalier, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti lapel mic, ndi maikolofoni yaing'ono yomwe imatha kudulidwa pachovala kapena kubisika mutsitsi la munthu. Ndi mtundu wa maikolofoni ya condenser yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kujambula mawu pomwe maikolofoni yayikulu ingakhale yosatheka kapena yosokoneza.
- Maikolofoni a Lavalier amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa kanema wawayilesi, mafilimu, ndi zisudzo, komanso pazochitika zolankhula pagulu ndi zoyankhulana.
- Amakhalanso chisankho chodziwika bwino chojambulira ma podcasts ndi makanema a YouTube, chifukwa amalola wokamba nkhani kuyenda momasuka pomwe akugwirabe mawu apamwamba kwambiri.
Maikolofoni ya Condenser: Mic Yomverera Yomwe Imagwira Zomveka Zachilengedwe
Maikolofoni a Condenser amafunikira gwero lamagetsi, nthawi zambiri ngati mphamvu ya phantom, kuti agwire ntchito. Gwero lamagetsi ili limapereka capacitor, kulola kuti lizitha kumva ngakhale phokoso laling'ono. Mapangidwe a maikolofoni a condenser amalola kuti ikhale yovuta kwambiri ndikukwaniritsa ma frequency osiyanasiyana, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino chojambulira mawu achilengedwe.
Kodi Mungasankhe Bwanji Maikolofoni Yoyenera ya Condenser?
Mukamayang'ana maikolofoni ya condenser, m'pofunika kuganizira zofunikira za polojekiti yanu yojambulira. Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira ndi monga kukula ndi kapangidwe ka maikolofoni, mtundu wa chithunzi chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito, komanso mtundu wa zida zomwe zikuphatikizidwa. Pamapeto pake, njira yabwino yosankhira maikolofoni ya condenser ndikuyesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikuwona kuti ndi iti yomwe imatulutsa mawu omwe mukuyang'ana.
Kumvetsetsa Njira Zonyamulira: Momwe Mungasankhire Maikolofoni Yabwino Kwambiri Pazosowa Zanu
Zikafika pa maikolofoni, mawonekedwe ojambulira amatanthauza malo ozungulira maikolofoni pomwe amamveka kwambiri. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa zimakhudza mtundu wa nyimbo zomwe mukujambula. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu yamitundu yojambulira: cardioid, omnidirectional, ndi lobar.
Cardioid Pickup Pattern
Mtundu wa cardioid pickup ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wazithunzi zomwe zimapezeka mu maikolofoni wamba. Zimagwira ntchito ponyamula phokoso kuchokera kutsogolo kwa maikolofoni pamene ikukana zomveka kuchokera kumbali ndi kumbuyo. Izi ndizothandiza poletsa phokoso losafunikira komanso kusokoneza kukhudza kujambula kwanu. Ngati mukuyang'ana maikolofoni omwe amatha kumveketsa mawu angapo mu studio, mic ya cardioid ndi yabwino.
Omnidirectional Pickup Pattern
Chojambula chojambula cha omnidirectional chimatenga mawu mofanana kuchokera mbali zonse. Izi ndizothandiza mukafuna kujambula mawu osiyanasiyana kapena mukafuna kuwonjezera phokoso lakumbuyo pakujambula kwanu. Omnidirectional mics amapezeka nthawi zambiri mu maikolofoni a lavalier, omwe amamangiriridwa ku thupi kapena zovala za munthu wolankhulayo. Zimathandizanso pojambula mu a malo aphokoso (nawa ma mics abwino kwambiri panjira), chifukwa amatha kumva mawu kuchokera kudera lalikulu.
Ndi Njira Yanji Yonyamulira Yabwino Kwambiri Kwa Inu?
Kusankha njira yoyenera yojambulira kumadalira zosowa zanu zenizeni. Ngati mukujambulitsa mu situdiyo ndipo mukufuna kupatula mawu enaake, maikolofoni ya lobar ndi yabwino. Ngati mukujambulitsa pamalo aphokoso ndipo mukufuna kujambula mawu osiyanasiyana, maikolofoni ya omnidirectional ndiyo njira yopitira. Ngati mukufuna kujambula mawu amodzi ndikuletsa phokoso losafunikira, ma mic a cardioid ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri.
Kumvetsetsa Mitundu ya Polar
Maonekedwe a polar ndi njira ina yotchulira mawonekedwe a zithunzi. Mawu akuti “polar” amatanthauza kaonekedwe ka malo ozungulira maikolofoni kumene amamva bwino kwambiri. Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu yamapangidwe a polar: cardioid, omnidirectional, chithunzi-8, ndi mfuti.
Chithunzi-8 Chitsanzo cha Polar
Chithunzi-8 cha polar chimatenga phokoso kuchokera kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa maikolofoni pamene kukana phokoso kuchokera kumbali. Izi ndizothandiza pojambula anthu awiri omwe akuyang'anizana.
Kulimbitsa: Kumvetsetsa Phantom Mphamvu ya Ma Microphone a Condenser
Phantom power ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imaperekedwa kumayikolofoni a condenser kudzera pa chingwe cha XLR. Mphamvu iyi imafunika kuti igwiritse ntchito zamagetsi zomwe zimagwira mkati mwa maikolofoni, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi preamp ndi gawo lotulutsa. Popanda mphamvu ya phantom, maikolofoni sigwira ntchito.
Kodi Phantom Power Imagwira Ntchito Motani?
Mphamvu ya Phantom nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa kudzera mu chingwe chomwecho cha XLR chomwe chimanyamula mawu omvera kuchokera pa maikolofoni kupita ku chipangizo chojambulira kapena kutonthoza. Mphamvuyi nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa pamagetsi a 48 volts DC, ngakhale maikolofoni ena angafunike magetsi otsika. Mphamvuyi ili mkati mwa chingwe chofanana ndi chizindikiro cha audio, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chingwe chimodzi chokha chikufunika kuti mugwirizane ndi maikolofoni ku chipangizo chojambulira.
Momwe Mungadziwire Ngati Maikolofoni Yanu Ikufunika Mphamvu ya Phantom
Ngati simukutsimikiza ngati cholankhulira chanu chimafuna mphamvu ya phantom, yang'anani zomwe wopanga amapanga. Maikolofoni ambiri a condenser amafunikira mphamvu ya phantom, koma ena amatha kukhala ndi batire yamkati kapena njira ina yoperekera mphamvu. Ndikofunikiranso kuyang'ana mulingo wa mphamvu ya phantom yofunikira ndi maikolofoni yanu, chifukwa ena amafunikira magetsi otsika kuposa ma volts 48 omwe amadziwika.
Kusiyana Pakati pa Phantom Power ndi Battery Power
Ngakhale ma maikolofoni ena amatha kukhala ndi batire yamkati kapena njira ina yamagetsi yomwe ilipo, mphamvu ya phantom ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyatsira ma maikolofoni a condenser. Mphamvu ya batri ikhoza kukhala yothandiza pakukhazikitsa zojambulira zonyamula, koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuyang'ana mulingo wa batri musanajambule. Mphamvu ya phantom, kumbali ina, ndi njira yodalirika komanso yosasinthika yopangira maikolofoni yanu.
Kulimbitsa Mwaukadaulo Zida Zanu
Kupeza mawu abwino kwambiri kuchokera ku maikolofoni yanu ya condenser kumafuna zambiri kuposa kungoyiyika ndikuyatsa. Kumvetsetsa zaukadaulo wa mphamvu ya phantom ndi momwe zimakhudzira maikolofoni yanu ndikofunikira kuti mugwire bwino ntchito. Ndi zambiri zomwe zilipo, ndizosavuta kuphunzira zambiri za mutu wofunikirawu ndikukhala katswiri pakulumikiza ndikuyika zida zanu.
Kutsiliza
Maikolofoni a Condenser ndi maikolofoni a lavalier onse ndiabwino pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, koma ikafika pakujambulitsa mawu, muyenera kusankha maikolofoni yoyenera pantchitoyo.
Choncho, pamene mukuyang'ana maikolofoni, kumbukirani kuganizira mtundu wa mawu omwe mukuyang'ana, ndi zosowa zanu zenizeni.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
