Nyimbo za Blues ndi mtundu wapadera wa nyimbo womwe wakhalapo kwa mibadwomibadwo. Imadziwika ndi kumveka kwake kwa melancholic komanso kuthekera kwake kukupangitsani kumva mitundu yonse yamalingaliro. Koma n’chiyani chimapangitsa kuti likhale lapadera kwambiri? Nazi zina mwazinthu zazikulu za nyimbo za blues zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonekere:
- Kupitilira kwa chord kwapadera komwe kumapereka mawu apadera
- Mzere wa bass woyenda womwe umawonjezera nyimbo ya groovy
- Kuitana ndi kuyankha pakati pa zida
- Zosagwirizana zomwe zimapanga phokoso losangalatsa
- Syncopation yomwe imakusungani zala zanu
- Melisma ndi zolemba za "buluu" zophwanyika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zomveka
- Chromaticism yomwe imawonjezera kukoma kwapadera
Mbiri ya Blues Music
Nyimbo za Blues zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Inayambira kumadera akumwera kwa United States a ku Africa ndi America ndipo yafalikira kumadera ena a dziko lapansi. Yakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi jazz, gospel, rock and roll. Ndi mtundu wanyimbo womwe umakhala ukusintha nthawi zonse ndipo wasinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mitundu ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.
Ubwino Womvera Nyimbo za Blues
Kumvetsera nyimbo za blues kungakhale njira yabwino yopumula ndi kumasuka. Ikhoza kukuthandizani kuthetsa maganizo anu ndi kugwirizana ndi maganizo anu. Zitha kukuthandizaninso kukulitsa luso lanu ndikukulimbikitsani kulemba kapena kupanga china chatsopano. Ndiye ngati mukumva kuti mukukhumudwa kapena mukungofuna kuti munditengere pang'ono, bwanji osayesa nyimbo za blues?
Zoyambira za Fomu ya Blues
Ndondomeko ya 12-Bar
Mawonekedwe a blues ndi njira yoyimba yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zambiri mu nyimbo za ku Africa ndi ku Africa-America. Zonse ndi za nyimbo! Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20, nyimbo za blues zinalibe nyimbo zoyambira. Koma pamene mtunduwo udayamba kutchuka, ma blues 12-bar adakhala opitako.
Izi ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa za 12-bar blues:
- Ndi siginecha ya 4/4 nthawi.
- Zapangidwa ndi zotengera zitatu zosiyana.
- Zolembazo zimalembedwa ndi manambala achiroma.
- Chotsatira chomaliza ndicho kutembenuka kwakukulu (V).
- Nthawi zambiri mawu amathera pa 10 kapena 11 bar.
- Mipiringidzo iwiri yomaliza ndi ya woyimba zida.
- Nyimbozi nthawi zambiri zimaseweredwa mu mawonekedwe achisanu ndi chiwiri (7).
The Melody
Blues ndi zonse za nyimbo. Zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa lathyathyathya lachitatu, lachisanu ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri la masikelo akulu ogwirizana. Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kusewera blues, muyenera kudziwa kusewera manotsi awa!
Koma sizongokhudza zolemba. Muyeneranso kudziwa kusewera blues shuffle kapena kuyenda bass. Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa blues kukhala ngati kayimbidwe kake ndi kuyitana-ndi kuyankha. Ndi zomwe zimapanga poyambira.
Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kudziwa bwino ma blues, muyenera kuyeseza ma shuffles anu ndi ma bass oyenda. Ndilo chinsinsi chopanga kumverera kwa bluesy.
Nyimbo
The blues zonse zokhudza maganizo. Ndi za kusonyeza chisoni ndi chisoni. Ndi za chikondi, kuponderezana ndi nthawi zovuta.
Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kulemba nyimbo ya blues, muyenera kulowa mumalingaliro awa. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamawu monga melisma ndi njira zomveka ngati syncopation. Muyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito chida njira monga kutsamwitsa kapena kupindika zingwe za gitala.
Koma chofunika kwambiri, muyenera kunena nkhani. Muyenera kufotokoza malingaliro anu m'njira yogwirizana ndi omvera anu. Ndilo chinsinsi cholembera nyimbo yabwino ya blues.
Kodi Kuchita ndi Blues Scale ndi Chiyani?
Kusamala Ndalama
Ngati mukuyang'ana kuti mukhale ndi blues, muyenera kudziwa sikelo ya blues. Ndi sikelo ya manotsi sikisi yomwe imapangidwa ndi sikelo yaying'ono ya pentatonic kuphatikiza noti yachisanu yosalala. Palinso mitundu yayitali ya sikelo ya blues yomwe imawonjezera chromaticism ina, monga kufota manotsi achitatu, achisanu, ndi achisanu ndi chiwiri.
Mawonekedwe otchuka kwambiri a blues ndi twelve-bar blues, koma oimba ena amakonda ma blues asanu ndi atatu kapena khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi. The twelve-bar blues imagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyambira yoyambira:
- IIII
- IV IV II
- IV II
Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri imatsagana ndi kapangidwe ka AAB pamawu ake, pomwe ndi pomwe chinthu chodziwika bwino choyitana-ndi-kuyankha chimabwera.
The Subgenres
Monga momwe blues yasinthira kwa zaka zambiri, idabereka magulu ang'onoang'ono. Muli ndi blues rock, country blues, Chicago blues, Delta blues, ndi zina.
Muyenera Kudziwa
Chifukwa chake, ngati mukuyang'ana kuti muyambitse groove yanu, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa blues. Ndiwo maziko a nyimbo zambiri, mgwirizano, ndi zosintha. Kuphatikiza apo, yatulutsa timagulu tating'ono, kotero mutha kupeza masitayelo omwe amagwirizana bwino ndi momwe mumamvera.
Mbiri Yosangalatsa ya Blues
Chiyambi
Mabuluu akhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo sikupita kulikonse! Zonse zinayamba kale mu 1908 ndi kufalitsidwa kwa "I Got the Blues" ndi woimba wa New Orleans Antonio Maggio. Ichi chinali nyimbo yoyamba yosindikizidwa yomwe imagwirizanitsa kukhala ndi nyimbo zomwe tikudziwa lero.
Koma magwero enieni a blues amabwereranso mopitirira mu 1890. Tsoka ilo, palibe zambiri zokhudza nthawiyi chifukwa cha tsankho komanso kuchepa kwa chidziwitso pakati pa anthu akumidzi a ku America.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, malipoti a nyimbo za blues anayamba kuonekera kum'mwera kwa Texas ndi Deep South. Charles Peabody anatchula maonekedwe a nyimbo za blues ku Clarksdale, Mississippi, ndi Gate Thomas adanenanso nyimbo zomwezo kum'mwera kwa Texas cha m'ma 1901-1902.
Malipoti awa akugwirizana ndi kukumbukira kwa Jelly Roll Morton, Ma Rainey, ndi WC Handy, omwe onse adanena kuti adamva nyimbo za blues koyamba mu 1902.
Nyimbo zoyamba zopanda malonda za nyimbo za blues zinapangidwa ndi Howard W. Odum kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, ngakhale kuti zojambulazi tsopano zatayika. Lawrence Gellert anapanga nyimbo zina mu 1924, ndipo Robert W. Gordon anapanga zina za Archive of American Folk Songs of the Library of Congress.
The 1930s
John Lomax ndi mwana wake Alan anapanga matani a blues osachita malonda m'ma 1930. Zojambulirazi zikuwonetsa mitundu yayikulu ya masitaelo amtundu wa proto-blues, monga zoyimba m'munda ndi kulira kwa mphete.
kutsogolera Belly ndi Henry Thomas anapanganso zinthu zina zojambulidwa zimene zimatipatsa chithunzithunzi cha nyimbo za blues chaka cha 1920 chisanafike.
Zifukwa Zachikhalidwe ndi Zachuma
Ndizovuta kunena ndendende chifukwa chake blues idawonekera pomwe idatero. Koma akukhulupirira kuti adayamba nthawi yomweyo monga lamulo la Emancipation Act la 1863, pakati pa 1860s ndi 1890s. Iyi inali nthawi yomwe Afirika Achimereka anali kusamuka kuchoka ku ukapolo kupita ku gawo lolima mbewu, ndipo magulu a juke anali kufalikira ponseponse.
Lawrence Levine anatsutsa kuti kutchuka kwa blues kunali kogwirizana ndi ufulu wongopezedwa kumene wa African American. Iye ananena kuti kuipidwako kunasonyeza kugogomezera kwatsopano kwa mkhalidwe waumwini, limodzinso ndi ziphunzitso za Booker T. Washington.
The Blues mu Chikhalidwe Chotchuka
Kutsitsimuka kwa Chidwi
Zosangalatsa zakhala zikuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali, koma sizinali mpaka filimu ya Sounder ya 1972 pomwe idatsitsimutsidwa kwambiri. WC Handy anali woyamba kudziwitsa anthu omwe sanali akuda aku America, ndipo Taj Mahal ndi Lightnin' Hopkins adalemba ndikuimba nyimbo za kanemayo zomwe zidapangitsa kuti filimuyo ikhale yotchuka kwambiri.
Abale a Blues
Mu 1980, Dan Aykroyd ndi John Belushi adatulutsa filimu yotchedwa The Blues Brothers, yomwe inali ndi mayina akuluakulu mu nyimbo za blues, monga Ray Charles, James Brown, Cab Calloway, Aretha Franklin, ndi John Lee Hooker. Kanemayo adachita bwino kwambiri kotero kuti gulu lomwe adapangidwira lidapitilira ulendo wake, ndipo mu 1998 adatulutsanso nyimbo ina, Blues Brothers 2000, yomwe idawonetsanso ojambula ambiri, monga BB King, Bo Diddley, Erykah Badu, Eric Clapton, Steve Winwood, Charlie Musselwhite, Blues Traveler, Jimmie Vaughan, ndi Jeff Baxter.
Kukwezedwa kwa Martin Scorsese
Mu 2003, a Martin Scorsese adayesetsa kwambiri kulimbikitsa ma blues kwa omvera ambiri. Anafunsa ena mwa otsogolera akuluakulu ozungulira kuti apange mndandanda wa zolemba za PBS zotchedwa The Blues, ndipo adasonkhanitsanso ma CD apamwamba kwambiri omwe ali ndi ojambula akuluakulu a blues.
Kugwira ntchito ku White House
Mu 2012, ma blues adawonetsedwa mu gawo la In Performance ku White House, lochitidwa ndi Barack ndi Michelle Obama. Chiwonetserocho chinaphatikizapo machitidwe a BB King, Buddy Guy, Gary Clark Jr., Jeff Beck, Derek Trucks, Keb Mo, ndi zina.
The Blues: Nthawi Yabwino Yosangalatsa
Blues ndi imodzi mwa nyimbo zodziwika bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo zakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma sizinali mpaka kanema wa 1972 Sounder pomwe adatsitsimutsidwa kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, Dan Aykroyd ndi John Belushi adatulutsa filimuyo The Blues Brothers , yomwe inali ndi mayina akuluakulu mu nyimbo za blues, ndipo Martin Scorsese anayesetsa kwambiri kulimbikitsa blues kwa omvera ambiri. Ndipo mu 2012, ma blues adawonetsedwa mu gawo la In Performance at the White House, lochitidwa ndi Barack ndi Michelle Obama. Kotero ngati mukuyang'ana nthawi yabwino yosangalatsa, blues ndiyo njira yopitira!
The Blues: Akadali ndi Moyo ndi Kukankha!
Mbiri Yachidule
Ma blues akhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo sikupita kulikonse! Zakhalapo kuyambira chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1800, ndipo zikadalipobe mpaka pano. Mwinamwake mudamvapo za mawu otchedwa 'Americana', omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zamasiku ano a blues. Ndikusakaniza kwamitundu yonse ya nyimbo zaku US, monga dziko, bluegrass, ndi zina.
The New Generation of Blues Artists
Ma blues akadali kusintha, ndipo pali mbadwo watsopano wa ojambula a blues kunja uko! Tili ndi Christone "Kingfish" Ingram ndi Gary Clark Jr., omwe ali m'gulu la oimba atsopano kwambiri a blues. Iwo akusunga ma blues kukhala amoyo ndi atsopano, pamene akupereka ulemu kwa classics. Mutha kumva chikoka mu nyimbo padziko lonse lapansi, ngati mumvetsera mwatcheru mokwanira!
Kotero, Chiyani Tsopano?
Ngati mukuyang'ana kuti mukhale osangalala, palibe nthawi yabwino kuposa pano! Pali mitundu yambiri ya nyimbo za blues kunja uko, kotero mutsimikiza kupeza zomwe mumakonda. Kaya ndi akale a kusukulu yakale kapena aku Americana akusukulu yatsopano, zabwino zafika!
The Rich History of the Blues
Nyimbo ndi Oimba
The blues ndi mtundu wa nyimbo zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka mazana ambiri, ndipo zikupitabe mwamphamvu lero! Ndikusakanikirana kwapadera kwa nyimbo zachikale za ku America, jazi, ndi zauzimu zomwe zakhala zikuthandizira nyimbo zamitundu ina kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20. Nzosadabwitsa kuti ena mwa oimba otchuka kwambiri nthawi zonse, monga BB King ndi Muddy Waters, akhala oimba nyimbo za blues.
Chiyambi cha Blues
The blues inayambira mu chikhalidwe cha African American, ndipo mphamvu zake zikhoza kuyambika chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19. Pa nthawiyi n’kuti anthu a ku Africa kuno anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito buluu pofotokoza mmene akumvera komanso zimene akumana nazo m’njira yosiyana ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Nthawi zambiri ma blues ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yotsutsa kuponderezedwa komwe ankakumana nawo, ndipo mwamsanga anafalikira ku United States.
Zotsatira za Blues
The blues zakhudza kwambiri makampani oimba, ndipo akadali kukopa oimba lero. Kwakhala kudzoza kwa mitundu ingapo ya nyimbo, kuphatikiza rock ndi roll, jazz, ndi hip hop. The blues adayamikiridwanso kuti amathandizira kupanga phokoso la nyimbo zotchuka m'zaka za zana la 20.
Chifukwa chake, nthawi ina mukadzamvera nyimbo zomwe mumakonda, khalani ndi kamphindi kuti muzindikire mbiri yakale yosangalatsa komanso momwe zakhudzira makampani opanga nyimbo. Ndani akudziwa, mutha kungodzipeza mukugunda pamapazi anu ndikumveka kwa nyimbo ya blues!
kusiyana
Blues vs Jazz
Blues ndi jazz ndi mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya nyimbo yomwe yakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri. Blues ndi mtundu wanyimbo womwe umachokera ku chikhalidwe cha African American ndipo umadziwika ndi kunyong'onyeka, mawu akuthwa komanso odekha. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi woyimba gitala / woyimba m'modzi ndipo zomwe zili munyimboyo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zaumwini. Komano, jazi ndi mtundu wanyimbo wosangalatsa komanso wosangalatsa kwambiri womwe umadziwika chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwake komanso kugwedezeka, mlengalenga wosangalatsa komanso phokoso losayembekezereka. Imayang'ana kwambiri kusinthika ndi kusintha kwa gulu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zothandiza. Ngakhale blues ikhoza kuonedwa ngati chinthu cha jazi, jazi si gawo la nyimbo za blues. Chifukwa chake ngati mukuyang'ana usiku wogunda chala ndi nyimbo zopatsa moyo, blues ndiyo njira yopitira. Koma ngati mukufuna chinachake chosangalatsa komanso chosangalatsa, jazi ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
Blues vs Soul
Nyimbo za Southern soul ndi blues zimakhala ndi zosiyana. Poyamba, nyimbo za blues zimakhala ndi cholembera chapadera, chotchedwa blue note, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala chophwanyika pang'ono 5th note pa sikelo. Nyimbo za Soul, kumbali ina, zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi mbiri ya jazz mu cholowa chake. Soul blues, kalembedwe ka nyimbo za blues zomwe zinayambika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, zimaphatikiza nyimbo za moyo ndi nyimbo za m'tauni.
Pankhani ya phokoso, blues ili ndi sikelo yaying'ono yomwe imaseweredwa pakupita patsogolo kwakukulu, pamene nyimbo za moyo zimakhala ndi masikelo akuluakulu. Soul blues ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha momwe mitundu iwiriyi ingagwirizane kuti ipange china chatsopano komanso chachilendo. Ndi njira yabwino yopezera zabwino zonse padziko lapansi.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
