Ma frequency a audio, kapena kungoti ma frequency, ndi muyeso wa kuchuluka kwa nthawi ndi nthawi monga kugwedezeka kwa mawu pa sekondi imodzi.
Kubwerezabwereza ndi khalidwe lofunikira la mawu chifukwa limapanga momwe anthu amawaonera.
Mwachitsanzo, titha kusiyanitsa pakati pa ma frequency otsika ndi ma frequency apamwamba ndipo timamva ma frequency apakati.
Ngati phokoso liri ndi mphamvu zambiri m'maulendo apamwamba, makutu athu sangathe kunyamula maulendo otsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta. Mofananamo, ngati mphamvu yochuluka ikhazikika m'mafupipafupi, makutu athu sangathe kuzindikira maulendo apamwamba.
Kumvetsetsa mfundo yoyambira pafupipafupi kumathandiza oimba ndi ma audio mainjiniya kupanga nyimbo zosakaniza bwino. Nyimbo zojambulidwa pamilingo yolakwika kapena zosayika bwino zida zitha kubweretsa zosakaniza zomwe zimakhala zamatope komanso zosamveka bwino. Kusankha zida ndi zitsanzo kutengera ma frequency spectrum-kapena kamvekedwe kawo-ndikofunikira kuti mupange zosakaniza zomwe zimatulutsa mawonekedwe apadera a chida chilichonse ndikuziphatikiza pamodzi ndi zida zina zonse za njanji. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri opanga maukadaulo amagwiritsa ntchito njira zofananira (EQ) kuwongolera ndikusintha ma frequency awa kuti akhale osakanikirana omwe amamveka bwino pamlingo uliwonse ndikusungabe bwino.
Kodi Audio Frequency ndi chiyani?
Ma frequency amawu ndi kuchuluka komwe mafunde amawu amanjenjemera kapena kunjenjemera pakanthawi kochepa. Imayesedwa mu Hertz (Hz). Ma frequency amawu amakhudza mtundu wa ma tonal ndi mamvekedwe a mawu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga nyimbo chifukwa imatsimikizira momwe zinthu zosiyanasiyana za nyimbo zimamvekera. M'nkhaniyi, tiona kuti ma audio pafupipafupi ndi chiyani komanso chifukwa chake ndizofunikira pa nyimbo.
Tanthauzo
Ma frequency a audio, omwe amatchedwanso Hertz (Hz), ndiye kuchuluka kwa mawu komwe kumamveka m'khutu la munthu. Ma frequency amawu amayambira pa 20 Hz ndikutha pa 20,000 Hz (20 kHz). Kuchuluka kwa mawu uku kumapanga zomwe timatcha "mawu omveka". Tikamapita pansi pamawonekedwe omveka, timamveka ngati mabasi; pamene tikupita mmwamba pa sipekitiramu, m'pamenenso phokoso ngati treble kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti si ma audio onse omwe ali ndi magawo ofanana pama frequency onse - ngakhale pofotokoza zojambulira zomwe zimayankha mosabisa - chifukwa chazifukwa zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, gitala la bass nthawi zambiri limatha kukhala lokweza kwambiri kuposa violin yosakanikirana ngakhale imayikidwa kumanzere ndi kumanja mosakanikirana ndi stereo chifukwa zida za bass zimapanga ma frequency otsika omwe anthu amatha kumva bwino kuposa ma frequency apamwamba.
Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti opanga nyimbo ndi mainjiniya amawu amvetsetse lingaliro ili ngati akufuna kupanga nyimbo kapena kusakaniza mawu mwaukadaulo. Ma Dynamic EQs amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popanga nyimbo kuti azitha kujambula nsonga zilizonse zosafunikira m'magawo osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna. Kuphatikiza apo Ma Compressor atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma EQ pazinthu zina monga kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yomwe imadziwika mkati mwa magawo a Mixes ndi Mater.
Pafupipafupi osiyanasiyana
Ma frequency amawu ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga kwamawu ndi nyimbo, chifukwa amasankha mamvekedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mawu. Mafupipafupi amagwirizana ndi momwe chinachake chimagwedezeka - chiwerengerocho chikakwera kwambiri, chimagwedezeka mofulumira. Imayesedwa mu hertz (Hz).
Khutu la munthu limazindikira ma frequency pakati pa 20 Hz ndi 20,000 Hz (kapena 20 kHz). Zida zambiri zoimbira zimatulutsa mawu m'njira imeneyi. Komabe, si mawu onse amene anthu amamva; ma frequency ena ndi otsika kwambiri kapena okwera kwambiri kuti makutu athu azitha kuzindikira.
Ma siginecha amawu amatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo:
-Sub-bass: 0-20 Hz (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti infrasonic kapena ultrasonic). Izi zikuphatikizapo ma frequency omwe sitingathe kumva koma zida zojambulira za digito zomwe zimazindikira, zomwe zimatipangitsa kuti tiziwagwiritsa ntchito kuti apange mamvekedwe apadera a mawu.
-Bass: 20–250 Hz (mafunde otsika)
- Pakatikati: 250-500 Hz
-Midrange: 500–4 kHz (mndandandawu uli ndi zida zambiri zamawu ndi zachilengedwe)
- Kuthamanga kwapakati: 4 - 8 kHz
-Kuthamanga kwapamwamba / kupezeka: 8 - 16 kHz (imalola kumveka bwino pazigawo za mawu kapena zida)
- Super treble / airband: 16 -20kHz (imapanga mapeto apamwamba ndi kutseguka).
Kodi Kumveka Kwamawu Kumakhudza Bwanji Nyimbo?
Kuchuluka kwa phokoso ndilofunika kwambiri pozindikira momwe nyimbo idzamvekere. Ma frequency amawu ndi muyeso wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma frequency omwe anthu amatha kumva kudzera m'mawu. Imafotokozedwa mu hertz ndipo imatha kukhudza kwambiri momwe nyimbo imamvekera. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona momwe ma frequency amawu amakhudzira nyimbo komanso chifukwa chake zimafunikira popanga nyimbo.
Mafupipafupi Otsika
Mafupipafupi otsika amapangitsa nyimbo kukhala yolemetsa chifukwa imakhala ndi mphamvu zotsika zomwe zilipo mu zida zambiri. Ma frequency otsika amatha kumveka ngati kumverera kwakuthupi ndi mahedifoni, oyankhula komanso ngakhale ma headphones oletsa phokoso. Kuchuluka kwa ma frequency omwe timamvera ndi pakati pa 20 Hz ndi 20,000 Hz, koma nthawi zambiri, anthu ambiri amakonda kumva mawu mocheperapo pakati pa 50 Hz mpaka 10 kHz.
Mafupipafupi Ochepa
Kutsika kwa mawu omveka kumakhala paliponse pansi pa 100 Hz ndipo kumapangidwa ndi zolemba za bass - ma octaves otsika opangidwa ndi zida monga magitala a bass, mabasi awiri, ng'oma ndi piano. Izi zimamveka kuposa kumveka chifukwa zimakonda kunjenjemera ngalande ya khutu lanu zomwe zimayambitsa kukhudzika kwake komwe kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi chidzalo pakusakaniza. Nyimbo zambiri zimakhala ndi ma frequency otsika pakati pa 50 - 70 Hz pakuwonjezera heft pamalopo.
Maulendo Okwera Kwambiri
Mawonekedwe apamwamba amakhala pamwamba pa 4 kHz ndipo amatulutsa mawu omveka bwino kapena owala kwambiri kuchokera ku zida monga zinganga, mabelu olira kapena zolemba zapamwamba kuchokera ku piano kapena kiyibodi. Ma frequency okwera amatulutsa mamvekedwe apamwamba kuposa maphokoso otsika - taganizirani momwe belu la tchalitchi limamvekera momveka bwino poyerekeza ndi mabingu! Makutu anu amatha kumva mpaka 16 kHz kapena 18 kHz, koma chilichonse choposa 8 kWh chimatchedwa "ultra high frequency" range (UHF). Zimathandizira kusiyanitsa mpweya wina kapena zina kuchokera ku zida zosakanikirana kwambiri zomwe zingasocheretsedwe pansi pa wina ndi mzake pamlingo womvera wabwinobwino.
Mid Frequencies
Ma frequency apakati amakhala ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri mu nyimbo, monga nyimbo zoyambira, lead ndi zida zakumbuyo. M'mawu ojambulidwa, chapakati chimakhala ndi mawu ofunikira kwambiri amunthu. Pakati pa 250Hz ndi 4,000Hz, mupeza zigawo zapakati pazosakaniza zanu.
Momwemonso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito EQ kudula ma frequency ena kuti mupange malo ena pazosakaniza zanu, mutha kuyigwiritsanso ntchito kulimbikitsa kapena kuchepetsa ma frequency awa apakati kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa zanu zanyimbo. Kukweza kapena kuchepetsa ma frequency angapo mkati mwamtunduwu kumatha kupatsa nyimbo kukhalapo kochulukirapo kapena kuwapangitsa "kumira" m'malo omwe akuzungulira, motsatana. Ndizothandiza mukasakaniza nyimbo yomwe ili ndi zida zingapo zoyimba kapena zida zingapo zotanganidwa zomwe zikusewera pafupipafupi; izi zimakulolani kuti muganizire zomwe zili zofunika pamene mukukhalabe ndi mawu oyenera.
Kuphatikiza pakusintha ma frequency apakati pa kusakaniza kwanu, zitha kukhalanso zopindulitsa (nthawi zina) kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowonjezera yofananira yomwe imawonjezera kupezeka kapena kumveka kwa ma frequency aliwonse mkati mwamtunduwu (mwachitsanzo, Aphex Aural Exciter). Pochita izi, mudzatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma harmonic onse apakati ndikupanga mawonekedwe omveka bwino omveka bwino pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwa ma frequency awa.
Ma frequency apamwamba
Ma frequency apamwamba, kapena ma treble, amapezeka munjira yoyenera ya kaphatikizidwe ka stereo ndipo amakhala ndi mawu omveka kwambiri (pamwamba pa 2,000 Hz). Kuchuluka kwa ma frequency apamwamba limodzi ndi ma frequency apakati ndi otsika nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa chithunzi chomveka bwino cha sonic. Iwo ali ndi udindo wowunikira nyimbo ndikuwunikira zida zowunikira zapamwamba monga zinganga ndi matabwa.
Posakanikirana ndi zinthu zambiri zamtundu wapamwamba, zida zingayambe kumveka zowawa m'makutu mwanu. Kuti mupewe izi, yesani kuchepetsa ma frequency ena mu sipekitiramu yapamwamba kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito zobisika Mafayilo kuzungulira 10 kHz kumachepetsa kuuma kwinaku mukuwonetsetsa kuti simutaya chilichonse cha 'kuwala'ku kuchokera pazomenyedwa kapena zingwe.
Kuchulukirachulukira kochepa kumatha kupangitsa kuti nyimbo zisatanthauze tanthauzo la zida zapamwamba monga gitala kapena piyano. EQ nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa mobisa zokwera kwambiri pokweza ma frequency ena mozungulira 4-10 kHz kuti amveke bwino ngati pakufunika. Izi zimathandiza kutulutsa zinthu zomwe zimasakanikirana popanda kuzipangitsa kuti zimveke zowawa m'makutu mwanu. Kupititsa patsogolo ma frequency apamwamba mozungulira 6 dB kumatha kupanga kusiyana konse! Kuti muwonjezere mawonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe anyimbo, michira ya reverb yokulirapo yokhala ndi ma frequency apamwamba itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito; Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zomveka kapena zolota zomwe zimakhala pamwamba pa nyimbo zoyimba ndi mawu ena osakanikirana.
Kutsiliza
Pomaliza, ma frequency amawu ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga nyimbo komanso upangiri woyenera wamawu. Ndilo muyeso wa kukakamiza kwa mawu pakapita nthawi, komwe kumapangitsa kusinthasintha kwa mawu omwe amafunikira kuti apange nyimbo. Mtundu wake umatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zolemba zomwe khutu la munthu limamva mu nyimbo yomwe wapatsidwa ndipo tanthauzo lake limatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku chida chimodzi kupita ku chimzake. Kumvetsetsa momwe gawoli limagwirira ntchito kumalola oimba, mainjiniya ndi opanga kuti amve mawu abwino kwambiri pazojambula zawo. Poganizira mozama za kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe a njanji pamene ikupangidwa, nyimboyo imatha kumveketsa bwino, kumveka bwino komanso kusiyanasiyana kofunikira pakuyimba kwakukulu. Ndi gawo limodzi kumaliza kupanga kwaukadaulo kulikonse.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Neaera komanso wotsatsa malonda, abambo, ndipo ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano ndi gitala pamtima pa zomwe ndimakonda, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa, ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2020. kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maupangiri ojambulira ndi gitala.
