Sarkar daisy shine saitin lantarki inda aka haɗa na'urori da yawa a cikin layi ɗaya, ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Ana kiranta sarkar daisy domin tana kama da sarkar furanni da ake kira daisy.
Ana iya amfani da sarkar daisy don dalilai da yawa, kamar haɗa masu magana da yawa zuwa amplifier ɗaya, haɗa fitilu masu yawa zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ɗaya, ko haɗa na'urori da yawa zuwa tashar USB ɗaya.
Daisy Chaining: A farko
Menene Daisy Chaining?
Sarkar daisy tsarin wayoyi ne wanda ake haɗa na'urori da yawa a jere ko cikin zobe, kama da garland na furannin daisy. Ana iya amfani da sarƙoƙin Daisy don iko, siginar analog, bayanan dijital, ko haɗin duk ukun.
Nau'in Daisy Chains
- Ana iya amfani da sarƙoƙin Daisy don haɗa manyan na'urori, kamar jerin igiyoyin wuta, don samar da layi mai tsayi guda ɗaya.
- Hakanan ana iya amfani da sarƙoƙin Daisy don haɗa na'urori a cikin na'ura, kamar USB, FireWire, Thunderbolt, da igiyoyin Ethernet.
- Hakanan ana iya amfani da sarƙoƙin daisy don haɗa siginar analog, kamar motar bas ɗin lantarki.
- Hakanan ana iya amfani da sarƙoƙin Daisy don haɗa siginar dijital, kamar Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI) IC.
- Hakanan ana iya amfani da sarƙoƙin Daisy don haɗa na'urorin MIDI.
- Hakanan za'a iya amfani da sarƙoƙin Daisy don haɗa haɗaɗɗun da'irori na JTAG.
- Hakanan za'a iya amfani da sarƙoƙi na Daisy don haɗa na'urorin Thunderbolt, kamar tsararrun RAID da na'urorin kwamfuta.
- Hakanan ana iya amfani da sarƙoƙin Daisy don haɗa na'urorin Hexbus, kamar TI-99/4A, CC-40, da TI-74.
Fa'idodin Daisy Chaining
Sarkar daisy na iya zama babbar hanya don haɗa na'urori da yawa tare da ƙaramin ƙoƙari. Hakanan hanya ce mai fa'ida don haɗa na'urori, saboda tana buƙatar ƙarancin igiyoyi da masu haɗawa fiye da sauran tsarin wayar. Bugu da ƙari, sarkar daisy na iya taimakawa wajen rage ƙulli, saboda yana kawar da buƙatar igiyoyi da masu haɗawa da yawa. A ƙarshe, sarkar daisy na iya taimakawa wajen rage asarar sigina, kamar yadda kowace na'ura ke sake haɓaka siginar.
Isar da sigina: Jagora mai sauri
Analog Signals
Idan ya zo ga siginar analog, haɗin yawanci bas ɗin lantarki ne mai sauƙi. Kuma idan kuna mu'amala da sarkar na'urori da yawa, kuna buƙatar amfani da ɗaya ko fiye da masu maimaitawa ko amplifiers don magance attenuation.
Sigina na Dijital
Sigina na dijital tsakanin na'urori kuma na iya yin tafiya akan bas ɗin lantarki mai sauƙi. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar tashar bas akan na'urar ƙarshe a cikin sarkar. Ba kamar siginar analog ba, ana iya sabunta siginonin dijital ta hanyar lantarki (amma ba a gyara su) ta kowace na'ura a cikin sarkar.
Nasihu don watsa sigina
Anan akwai ƴan shawarwarin da ya kamata ku kiyaye yayin mu'amala da watsa sigina:
- Yi amfani da masu maimaitawa ko amplifiers don magance attenuation a siginar analog.
- Yi amfani da tashar bas akan na'urar ƙarshe a cikin sarkar don siginar dijital.
- Ana iya sabunta siginonin dijital ta hanyar lantarki (amma ba a canza su ba) ta kowace na'ura a cikin sarkar.
- Kar a manta da duba Passthrough don ƙarin bayani.
Daisy Chaining Hardware da Software
Hardware
Kayan aikin sarkar Daisy babbar hanya ce ta haɗa abubuwa da yawa zuwa tsarin kwamfuta. Ya ƙunshi haɗa kowane bangare zuwa wani nau'in makamancin haka, maimakon kai tsaye zuwa tsarin kwamfuta. Bangare na ƙarshe a cikin sarkar shine kawai wanda ke haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tsarin kwamfuta. Ga wasu misalan kayan masarufi waɗanda za a iya ɗaure daisy:
- UART tashar jiragen ruwa
- SCSI
- MIDI na'urorin
- Abubuwan da aka bayar na SPI IC
- JTAG hadedde da'irori
- Thunderbolt (interface)
- Hexbus
software
Zaman sarrafa sarkar Daisy wata babbar hanya ce don haɗa abubuwa da yawa. Ya ƙunshi haɗa zaman da yawa tare, ƙyale masu amfani damar samun damar tsarin da yawa lokaci guda. Wannan yana da amfani musamman ga ayyuka waɗanda ke buƙatar samun dama ga tsarin da yawa.
Daisy-Chained vs. Pigtailed Parallel-Wired Receptacles
Menene Banbancin?
Idan ana maganar wayar tarho na lantarki, akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu: daisy-chaining da layi daya. Bari mu dubi bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin su biyu:
- Daisy-chaining (ko wiring “in-jeri”) yana nufin haɗa duk receptacles “ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe” da amfani da nau’i-nau’i na tashoshi akan kowace rumbun ajiya don ɗaukar halin yanzu daga na’ura zuwa na gaba. Idan duk wani haɗi ko na'ura a cikin jerin ya katse, ma'ajin da ke ƙasa za su rasa ƙarfi.
- Daidaitawar wayoyi na nufin haɗa ma'ajin tare da hanyoyi da yawa, ta yadda idan ɗayan rumbunan ya gaza, sauran rumbunan da'irar ba su da wani tasiri. A cikin da'irar layi ɗaya, ana rarraba magudanar ruwa na yanzu, don haka kawai ɓangarensa yana gudana ta kowace na'ura.
Ma'anar Ainihin
- A cikin silsilar da’ira, wutar lantarki da ke ratsa kowanne daga cikin abubuwan guda ɗaya ce, kuma ƙarfin lantarkin da ke cikin kewaye shine jimlar nau’in wutar lantarki guda ɗaya da ke faɗuwa a kowane bangare.
- A cikin da'irar layi ɗaya, ƙarfin lantarki a kan kowane ɗayan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa ɗaya ne, kuma jimlar halin yanzu shine jimlar igiyoyin da ke gudana ta kowane bangare.
Me Ya Sa Ya Kamata?
Hanyoyi biyu na wayoyi sun bambanta ba kawai a cikin tasirin karyewa ko gazawar mai haɗawa ba a ma'auni na mutum ɗaya, har ma a cikin kayan lantarki. Sanin hanyar da za a yi amfani da ita na iya taimakawa tabbatar da tsarin lantarki ɗin ku yana da aminci da inganci.
Daisy-Chaining Receptacles: Jagora Mai Sauri
Menene Daisy-Chaining?
Daisy-chaining hanya ce ta wayoyi inda ake yin wayoyi na lantarki a jere, ko daya bayan daya. Wannan hanyar waya ce ta gama gari da ake amfani da ita a cikin tsofaffin gidaje kuma har yanzu ana amfani da ita a yau.
Ta yaya Daisy-Chaining ke Aiki?
Daisy-chaining yana aiki ta haɗa farar (tsaka-tsaki) da baƙar fata (zafi) wayoyi na kewaye zuwa tashoshi na azurfa da tagulla, bi da bi. Farar waya tana kawo tsaka-tsakin waya na kewaye cikin akwatin lantarki kuma ta haɗa zuwa ma'ajiyar. Farar waya ta biyu tana haɗa tsaka tsakin kewayawa gaba zuwa mabuɗin ƙasa na gaba. An haɗa baƙaƙen wayoyi zuwa tagulla ko tashoshi masu launin zinari ko skru, ko zuwa tashoshi masu alamar “Black” ko “Hot”. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan baƙaƙen wayoyi yana kawo waya mai zafi ko "rayuwa" cikin akwatin lantarki kuma ta haɗa zuwa ɗayan tashoshi na "zafi" ko "baƙar fata". Wayar baƙar fata ta biyu ta haɗa zuwa tashar "zafi" ko "baƙar fata" ta biyu kuma tana ɗaukar wayar mai zafi ko mai rai zuwa ga mabuɗin na gaba ko na'ura ta ƙasa.
Menene Fa'idodin Daisy-Chaining?
Daisy-chaining hanya ce mai kyau don adana lokaci da kuɗi lokacin da ake yin wayoyi na lantarki. Yana buƙatar ƙananan haši da wayoyi fiye da hanyar "daidaitacce", kuma ita ce hanyar da aka fi sani da wayoyi na lantarki da ake samu a gidaje.
Menene Matsalolin Daisy-Chaining?
Babban koma bayan daisy-chaining shi ne idan rumbun daya ta kasa ko ta rasa daya daga cikin hanyoyin sadarwa, dukkan ma’aikatun da ke kasa suma za su rasa iko. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a nisantar wayoyi na baya saboda ba abin dogaro ba ne kuma ba shi da aminci.
Waya Wutar Lantarki a Daidaitacce
Menene Parallel Wiring?
Layin layi daya hanya ce ta haɗa ma'aunin wutar lantarki zuwa da'ira ɗaya, ta yadda idan rumbun ɗaya ta gaza ko ta rasa ƙarfi, sauran na'urorin za su kasance “rayuwa”. Ana yin haka ta hanyar amfani da masu haɗa-da-kan-kan da wayoyi na pigtail don haɗa tsaka-tsaki da tashoshi masu zafi na rumbun zuwa wayoyi masu zafi da tsaka tsaki.
Haɗin Waya don Raba a layi daya
Don ma'ajin waya a layi daya, kuna buƙatar:
- Wayoyi uku a kowane mai haɗawa mai jujjuyawa:
- Baƙar fata ko "zafi" waya daga kewayen shiga cikin akwatin lantarki
- Baƙar fata ko "zafi" waya barin akwatin lantarki
- Shortan gajeriyar waya "zafi" baƙar fata ("pigtail") wanda ke haɗuwa daga mahaɗin murɗawa zuwa wurin ajiyar "zafi" ko "baƙar fata"
- Wayar fari ko "tsaka-tsaki" daga kewayen shiga cikin akwatin lantarki
- Farin waya ko "tsaka-tsaki" yana barin akwatin lantarki
- Shortaramar fari ko waya "tsakiyar tsaka-tsaki" ("pigtail") wanda ke haɗuwa daga mahaɗar murɗawa zuwa tashar tsaka tsaki mai ɗaukar hoto.
- Wayoyin jan ƙarfe huɗu maras tushe don ƙasa:
– Kasa in
– Kasa
– Kasa zuwa receptacle
- Kasa zuwa akwatin lantarki na karfe (idan akwatin karfe ne maimakon filastik).
Maye gurbin Daisy-Chained Receptacles
Idan kana maye gurbin rumbun sarkar daisy tare da sabo mai waya a layi daya, kuna buƙatar kayan da ke sama. Wannan hanya tana buƙatar akwatin lantarki mafi girma, saboda zai ƙunshi ƙarin haɗi, masu haɗawa, don haka yana buƙatar ƙarin ɗaki.
Wane Girman Akwatin Lantarki Ina Bukata Don Yin Pigtailing?
Duba Girman Akwatin Lantarki
Lokacin juyawa daga na'ura mai wayoyi zuwa da'irar lantarki mai haɗaɗɗiyar layi ɗaya a cikin kirtani na ma'auni, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da girman akwatin lantarki ya isa inci cubic don ƙunsar ƙarin wayoyi da masu haɗawa. Ga abin da kuke buƙatar sani:
- Kuna buƙatar wayoyi masu tsaka-tsaki 3, wayoyi masu zafi 3, da wayoyi na ƙasa 4. Ana ƙidaya duk wayoyi na ƙasa a matsayin daidai da 1 na manyan masu gudanarwa da ke cikin akwatin.
- Ba a ƙididdige masu haɗa masu murɗawa da rumbun lantarki yayin ƙididdige girman akwatin da ake buƙata.
- A ɗauka cewa da'irar ita ce da'ira 15A ta amfani da waya #14, US NEC na buƙatar inci 2 cubic kowane mai gudanarwa. Wannan yana nufin akwatin dole ne ya kasance (2cu.in. x 7 madugu) inci cubic 14 ko mafi girma.
- Duba NEC da ELECTRICAL JUNCTION BOX TYPES don girman akwatin da ya dace don wayar ku.
Dokokin Tsaro da Lambobi don Sarkar Daisy
Dokokin OSHA
- OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.303(b)(2) ya ce dole ne a shigar da na'urori da aka jera ko masu lakabi kuma a yi amfani da su bisa ga umarnin da aka haɗa a cikin jeri ko lakabi.
- Wani Darakta na OSHA, Richard Fairfax, ya bayyana cewa masana'antun da dakunan gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwajen da aka amince da su a cikin ƙasa sun ƙayyade ingantattun amfani ga igiyoyin wutar lantarki, kuma dole ne a haɗa UL-jera RPT zuwa ma'ajin da'irar reshe na dindindin kuma ba jerin-haɗe zuwa wasu RPTs ko haɗawa ba. zuwa tsawo igiyoyin.
Dokokin NFPA
- Dangane da NFPA 1 Standard 11.1.4, famfun wutar da za'a iya sakewa dole ne su kasance na nau'in polarized ko ƙasa tare da kariyar wuce gona da iri kuma dole ne a jera su.
- Dole ne a haɗa su kai tsaye zuwa rumbun ajiyewa na dindindin kuma igiyoyinsu kada su miƙe ta bango, silifi, ko benaye, ƙarƙashin ƙofofi ko rufin bene, ko kuma su kasance ƙarƙashin lalacewar muhalli ko ta jiki.
Dokokin UL
- UL 1363 1.7 ya furta cewa RPTs masu haɗin igiya ba a nufin su haɗa su zuwa wani RPT mai haɗin igiya.
- Littafin UL White Littafin (2015-2016) ya bayyana cewa ana nufin an haɗa famfun wutar lantarki da za a iya sakewa da su a haɗa kai tsaye zuwa wurin shigar da reshe na dindindin kuma ba jerin abubuwan da aka haɗa (daisy chained) zuwa wasu famfun wutar lantarki da za'a iya juyawa ko zuwa igiyoyin haɓakawa.
Other sharudda
- Ofishin Biyayya daga Gwamnatin Amurka ya fitar da wata takarda mai suna “Fast Facts” mai suna Power Strips and Dangerous Daisy Chains. Ya bayyana cewa an yarda da yawancin filayen wuta ko masu kariya don samar da wutar lantarki zuwa iyakar abubuwa huɗu ko shida kuma nauyin wutar lantarki na iya haifar da wuta ko kuma na iya sa mai watsewar kewayawa ya yi tafiya.
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910.304(b)(4) ya ce dole ne na'urorin fita su sami ma'aunin ampere wanda bai gaza nauyin da za a yi aiki ba. Yin lodin igiyar wuta ba shi da aminci kuma yana iya haifar da haɗarin gobara.
Hatsarin yin lodi da rashin amfani da igiyoyin tsawaitawa
Dokokin OSHA
Ya saba wa dokokin OSHA yin amfani da duk wani kayan aiki da ba a amince da shi ta hanyar dakin gwaje-gwajen da aka sani na ƙasa ba. [OSHA 29 CFR 1910.303 (a)]
Wiring na wucin gadi
Ka tuna, igiyoyin tsawaita ana nufin kawai don wayoyi na wucin gadi. Kar a yi amfani da su don wayoyi na dindindin.
Igiyoyin Haske-Duty
Igiyoyin masu haske ba ana nufin su ba da iko da abubuwa da yawa, musamman ma masu ƙarfi. Ga abin da ya kamata ku yi maimakon:
- Yi amfani da igiya mai nauyi
- Toshe abu ɗaya a lokaci guda
- Tabbatar cewa igiyar zata iya ɗaukar nauyin.
Tushen da za a yi la'akari da shi Lokacin Ma'amala da Tushen Wuta
Kungiyoyin Gwamnati
- Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta Amurka OSHA
- Ofishin Biyayya - Majalisar Dokokin Amurka
Standards
- OSHA Standard Fassarar
- Farashin NFPA1
- Bayanan Bayani na UL1363
shiryar
- Bayanin Jagora na 2015-16 don Kayan Wutar Lantarki-Littafin Farin UL [p569]
Fast Facts
- Fahimtar Faɗakarwa Mai Sauri - Wutar Wuta da Sarƙoƙin Daisy Mai Haɗari
- Fahimtar Faɗi Mai Sauri - Igiyoyin Tsawaita Wuta na ɗan lokaci da Masu Haɗin Wutar Wuta Bai kamata a Yi Amfani da Wayoyin Dindindin ba.
bambance-bambancen
Daisy Chain Vs Leapfrog
Daisy sarkar wiring ya fi sauƙi kuma mafi sauƙi don amfani da sassan igiyoyi, musamman ma lokacin da igiya ba ta cikin layi madaidaiciya. Yana buƙatar waya mai tsayi mai tsayi, wanda zai iya zama sanadin ɓarna idan ba a ja shi daidai ba. Yin tsalle-tsalle, a gefe guda, yana tsallake kowane panel na biyu don yin waya tare a hanyar dawowa. Ba ya buƙatar waya ta dawowa kuma yana ba da damar haɓaka mafi kyawun wayoyi a bayan bangarorin, yana rage bayyanar su ga yanayin.
FAQ
Menene fa'idar sarkar daisy?
Amfanin sarkar daisy shine yana ba da damar haɗa na'urori da yawa tare a cikin jeri, yana ba da damar ingantaccen amfani da albarkatu.
Shin sarkar daisy yana layi daya ko silsilar?
Daisy sarkar wiring yayi layi daya.
Za ku iya sarkar daisy tare da igiyoyi daban-daban?
A'a, ba za ku iya yin sarkar daisy tare da igiyoyi daban-daban ba.
Kammalawa
A ƙarshe, sarkar daisy wani sabon tsarin wayoyi ne da ake amfani da shi wajen aikin injiniya da lantarki. Hanya ce mai kyau don haɗa na'urori da yawa a cikin jeri ko zobe, kuma ana iya amfani da su don wutar lantarki, siginar analog, bayanan dijital, ko haɗin su. Idan kuna neman yin amfani da sarkar daisy a cikin kayan aikin ku na lantarki, ku tabbata kun fahimci tushen tsarin da sassa daban-daban waɗanda suka haɗa shi. Bugu da ƙari, tabbatar da yin amfani da madaidaitan tashe-tashen hankula da ƙararrawa don tabbatar da siginar ba ta gurbata ba. Tare da ilimin da ya dace da kayan aiki, zaka iya ƙirƙirar tsarin sarkar daisy wanda zai yi aiki don bukatun ku.
Ni Joost Nusselder, wanda ya kafa Neaera kuma ɗan kasuwan abun ciki, uba, kuma ina son gwada sabbin kayan aiki tare da guitar a zuciyar sha'awara, kuma tare da ƙungiyara, Ina ƙirƙirar labaran labarai masu zurfi tun daga 2020. don taimakawa masu karatu masu aminci tare da rikodi da tukwici na guitar.
